RIZAL IN LONDON &

PARIS
Rizal lived in London from May 1888 to march 1899
Reasons why he choose English city
• To improve his knowledge of the English language
• To study and annotate Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
• London was a safe place for him to carry out his fight against spaish
tyranny
Trip across the Atlantic
• S. S. City of Rome
• Entering American and European
May 24, 1888
• Quenstown in Ireland
• Liverpool England
May 25, 1888
• Adelphi Hotel
• No. 37 Chalcot Crescent Primsore hill
- Dr. Antonio ma Regidor
• An 1872 exile and a practicing lawyer
• Rizal stayed as a guest
Dr. Reinhold Rost
• Librarian of the ministry of foreign affairs
• Authority on Malayan language
• Called Rizal a ‘’pearl of a man’’
Bad news from home
• Persecution of the Filipino patriots who signed the anti-friar
petition
• The Calamba agrarian conflict of 1888
Christmas in London
• December 24, 1888
- Rizal returned to London
Annotaion of Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas

To the Young Women of Malolos

Sculptures made by Jose Rizal

Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas

• One of the books that have been written about the History of the
Philippines
• Describes about the past history of the Philippines in the year 1493-
1603.
• The scope of the book is Political, Social & the Economic aspects of a
country that had invades and that have been invaded.
• It is based on:
– Documentary research
– Observation
– Personal experiences of Antonio de Morga
 Antonio de Morga Sanchez Garay
• Antonio de Morga, born in Seville in the year 1559
• Graduated “Canon Law” at University of Salamanca 1574-1578
• A professor at Osuna but immediately went back to Salamanca to study Civil
Law
• Went to the Philippines as Lieutenant Governor <1593>
• Published the Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas and imprinted it in Mexico in the
year 1609
 Jose Rizal and Sucesos

• May 25, 1888, Rizal went to London:

• to enhance his English literate skills
• to do his historical research on Pre-Colonial of the Philippine History
• London is a safe place to fight against the Spaniards
• August 18, 1888:
– Rizal copied <by hand> the 1st edition of the Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas by Antonio de
Morga
• September 1888:
– Rizal went to Paris and stayed for a week to read and learn more about the History
• March 19, 1889:
– Rizal brought the manuscript to Paris, where the price of it is cheaper
• “Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas por el Doctor
Antonio de Morga. Obra publicada en Mejico en
el ańo de 1609, nuevamente sacada a luz y
anotada por Jose Rizal, y precedida de un
prologo del Prof. Fernando Blumentritt”
 Ferdinand Blumentritt

• Told Rizal to write a book about the Philippine History

• Blumentritt wanted to know about the beginning of the history of
the Philippines
• Just like Rizal, he wanted to inform that Philippines had a
civilization before the Spaniards invades the country
 Why did Rizal choose Morga’s book?

• Morga is one of the Spaniards’ official officer

• Morga is a keen observer
• Morga have an experience in the Spanish
Colonization in the Philippines
2 Types of History that Rizal highlighted in Sucesos:

• History of the Place

• History of the people that lived in a
place
 Annotation of Rizal

• The annotation of Rizal about the Sucesos de las Islas

Filipinas explains the details of the book, his
disagreement of Morga’s observations and the
confirmation of the history of some of the writings.
 Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas

• 1st history book that wrote by a Filipino <revised>

• Wrote by the person that have been invaded by the Spaniards
• The Book that Rizal annotated was banned in the late 19th century
• This book was jeopardized
• Because Rizal’s manuscript is a secondary source, most readers prefer Morga’s
book.
• Few Filipinos nowadays give their time reading the annotation of Rizal
Why did Rizal didn’t choose to annotate the book
on his own language?

• “To foretell the destiny of a nation, it is

necessary to open the books that tell of her past.”
TO THE YOUNG WOMEN OF
MALOLOS
 To the Young Women
of Malolos
• It was originally written in Tagalog.
• He wrote this when he was in London, in response to the request
of Marcelo H. del Pilar
 Prominent points in the letter contained:
1. The rejection of the spiritual authority of the friars:
– not all of the priest in the country that time embodied the true spirit of Christ and His church.
Most of them were corrupted by worldly desires and used worldly methods to effect change and
force discipline among the people.

2. The defense of private judgment.

3. Qualities Filipino mothers need to possess:

– as evidenced by this portion of his letter, Rizal is greatly concerned of the welfare of the Filipino
children and the homes they grown up in.
4. Duties and responsibilities of Filipino mothers to their
children.

5. Duties and responsibilities of a wife to her husband:

– Filipino women are known to be submissive, tender and loving. Rizal states in this portion of his
letter how Filipino women ought to be as wives, in order to preserve the identity of the race.

6. Counsel to young women on their choice of a lifetime

partner.
 To the Young Women of Malolos
Analysis: Zaide, 1999
• Filipino mothers should teach their children love of God, country and
fellowmen.
•
• Filipino mothers should be glad and honored, like Spartan mothers, to offer
their sons in defense of their country.
•
• Filipino women should know how to protect their dignity and honor.
•
• Filipino women should educate themselves aside from retaining their good
racial values.
•
• Faith is not merely reciting prayers and wearing religious pictures. It is living
the real Christianity way with good morals and manners.
Stephen Karl Jumao as

SCULPTURES MADE BY
JOSE RIZAL
 Sculptures made by Jose Rizal
• Woodcraft
– Two gate Columns <Depicting Busts>
– 1895: Dapitan, Philippines
– Was made when water service was completed in Dapitan
• Biscuit Mold
• 1893; Dapitan Philippines
• Bowl of Pipe; Representing a Girl’s Head
• Dapitan, Philippines
• Bust of Don Francisco
Mercado
o Life Size
o 1887-1888; Calamba,
Philippines
• Josephine Bracken
<Medallion>
o 1895-1896; Dapitan,
Philippines
o Four Wooden Tops of
Different Sizes
o 1894; Dapitan, Philippines
• Sacred Heart of Jesus
o Sometime of 1875-1877;
Manila, Philippines
o Made it in Ateneo de Manila
University
• Wooden Platters
o Sometime of 1894-1896;
Dapitan, Philippines
• Terracotta
o Composite Statuette <nude lady lying down>
o 1890; Brussels, Belgium

• Plaster
o Head of an Egyptian
o A candle holder
o 1892; Hongkong
Carey Gabisan

RIZAL IN BRUSSELS &

MADRID
Reasons why Rizal left Paris.

January 28, 1890

• The cost of living in Paris was very high because of
the Universal exposition.
• The gay social life of the city hampered his literary
works, especially the writing of his second novel El
Filibusterismo.
 Life In Brussels
Joel Albert- accompanied Rizal to move to Brussels.
Jose Alejandro- an engineering student who replaced Jose Albert.
• Rizal was busy writing his second novel.
• He wrote articles for La Solidaridad and letters for his family and
friends .
• He spent part of his time in medical clinic.
• He had gymnastics at the gymnasium and target practice and
fencing at the armory.
 Decision to go to Madrid

• Something happen that made Rizal to change his plan in

returning to the Philippines when he received a letter from
Paciano which related that they lost the case against the
Dominicans in Manila but they appealed it to the supreme
court in Spain.
June 20, 1890
Rizal wrote to M.H. Del Pilar retaining the letter’s service as a
lawyer and informed Del Pilar that he was going to Madrid, in
order to supervise the handling of the case.
July 29, 1890
he wrote a letter to Ponce announcing that he was leaving
Brussels at the beginning of the following month and would arrive
Madrid about the 3rd and 4th of August.
To My Muse “A Mi…”
• He wrote this poem which was against the a background of
mental anguish in Brussels, during those sad days when he was
worried by family disasters.Rizal seeks Justice for his Family
While Rizal was in Madrid, he exhausted all available legal
remedies to seek justice for his family and the farmers in
Calamba. He sought assistance to the Associacion Hispano-
Filipino. He made used of the liberal newspapers to ventilate
the grievances of his family and the oppressed tenants in his
hometown.
RIZAL AS A CONTRIBUTOR
IN LA SOLIDARIDAD
• The Filipino colony in Spain had established a fortnightly review,
published first in Barcelona and later in Madrid, to enlighten
Spaniards on their distant colony, and Rizal wrote for it from the
start. Its name was La Solidaridad, and it pushed for the same laws
and the same privileges for the Peninsula and the possessions
overseas.
• Of all his writings, the article in which Rizal speaks of this indignity to
the dead comes nearest to exhibiting personal feeling and rancor. Yet
his main point is to indicate generally what monstrous conditions the
Philippine mixture of religion and politics made possible.
• For La Solidaridad, Jose Rizal often wrote under the pen name Laong
Laan. In the photo, he is with the publication’s editor Marcelo H. del
Pilar and treasurer Mariano Ponce.
END

THANK YOU!