“Working of Thermos flask (Heat Insulator)’’

By
JAYRANJAN(IP-33, Sl. No-11)
Lecturer (Chemical Engg.),
Govt. Polytechnic, Barauni
After Going through this Presentation, You will be Able to:

 Define Conduction, Convection & Radiation.

 Describe the importance of Thermal Resistance(Insulator) on
controlling Rate of heat Transfer
 Explain the Combine Effect of conduction,convection,radition &
Thermal Resistance on Controlling the Rate of Heat Transfer.
Direction of heat Transfer :- Heat is always transfer from higher temperature to
lower temperature.
Modes of heat transfer :-

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 Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction
Fourier's law:-
Δ𝑇 𝐿
q= 𝑅𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑑. =
( L/kA) 𝑘.𝐴

Heat transfer is analogy to Electric current as in

electrical circuit.

Analogical relation between Fourier’s Law & Ohm’s law

Fourier’s Law Ohm’s law
q I
ΔT V

R(Heat transfer) R(Electrical)

Convection:-
Newton’s law of Cooling:-

ΔT
q = h.A.ΔT ; q= 1
ℎ.𝐴

1
(R conv. = )
ℎ.𝐴
 Stefen’s Boltzmann Law :-

q = A.ε.σ·T4
Incident Radiation energy can be received by another body in
following manner

+ +ρ = 1

For highly reflective material:-

ρ ≈ 1; i.e + ≈0

Therefore we can say that Reflective material approximately

insulated to radiation.
 𝑞𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑

https://www.behance.net/gallery/36543525/Thermos-Ghost-View
Thermal resistance will act as in same manner as electrical resistance in
electricity.
Temp difference ΔT
𝑞𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 = =
Total resistance 𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑

𝐿 1
𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 = 𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 +𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = +
𝑘.𝐴 ℎ.𝐴
Combined effect of Conduction,Convection,radiation & thermal
resistance on rate of heat transfer in case of thermo flask

As k is very low in case of glass & h is low in case of vacuum/ air .

Therefore,

𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 = Very high & 𝑞𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 = Very low.

Therefore thermo flask is acting as insulator i.e. remains beverages as in

its original condition for longer time.
 Different modes of heat transfer.
 Resistance to the flow of rate of heat transfer
 Rate of heat transfer in solid >liquid> Gas
 Rate of heat transfer in combined mode depends
on combined thermal resistance.
 Assignment

 Identify which cup is more suitable for drinking tea

& tell the reason

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THANK YOU