Photo-Moto

Gait Correction LED System

Sarah Ngugi

Results
Background
Certain conditions such as cerebrovascular disease and strokes can
cause an abnormal or unsteady gait. The CDC states, “Every year, more Figure 1: Led Indicator Function on Varied Surfaces
than 795,000 people in the United States have a stroke” (CDC, 2019, Surface Left LED Right LED
1). Furthermore, the state that strokes are the “leading cause of
serious long-term disability” (CDC, 2019, 1). Additionally, the American Grass + +
Speech–Language–Hearing Association claims, “According to the
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, an estimated
cumulative 5.3 million individuals are living with a TBI-related disability Gravel + +
in the United States” (ASHA,1). The walker is a basic need for patients
in rehabilitation. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Hardwood + +
describes human gait as a “complex motion”(IEEE, 2015, p.1). The
author suggests that gait is all these connected parts coming together
to help people function or move. Figure 2: This is a photo of photo-
moto in use

Figure 4: Newtons Needed to Turn on Light

Engineering Goal
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5
The engineering goal of this project is to create a walker that provides Conclusion
a visual cue to prompt a person to correct an unbalanced gait. Left LED 4.2N 4.7N 4.4N 4.6N 4.4N
A walker using visual cues is a viable option to make to the rehab
process more efficient. While it is very sensitive to changes in
Right LED 4.8N 4.7N 4.6N 4.8N 4.8N posture, it proves to be working well on multiple different surfaces
Hypothesis (figure 2a-c ).
Left newton average: 4.46N
If a walker is specifically adapted for patients with gait abnormalities, Right newton average: 4.74N
it could help make the rehab process safer and potentially more Newton average: 4.6N Next Steps
effective
The next steps for this project would be adding a sound that can
further aid the person on fixing his or her gait. The next steps
would also include finding a way to enclose the circuit in the PVC
Methodology Figure 5: Degree needed to turn light on and adding rubber end caps at the end of each leg. Furthermore,
the walker would be made adjustable for people of different
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5 heights. Moreover, the walker would be reconstructed with
1. Use PVC to construct a walker aluminum and adjusted to detect more unsteady gait patterns in
2. Add tennis balls to the end of the legs addition to the ones seen in figure 3.
3. Take out front two 20” pieces Left LED 13.7 12.3 13.1 14.0 13.4
4. Drill hole same distance from the front on both of them degrees degrees degrees degrees degrees
5. Solder the resistor to the LED light for both of the 20” pieces Right LED 12.8 13.0 14.3 12.5 13.2
6. Unscrew switches from standard doorbells degrees degrees degrees degrees degrees
7. Screw the switches a few inches farther than the previously drilled
hole for both 20” pieces Left degree average: 13.3 degrees
8. Drill two holes above and below the switch for both 20” pieces Right degree average: 13.16
9. Take the red wire through the hole that is slightly above the switch Degree average: 13.23 degrees
and wrap it around the screw holding the switch in place for both Citations
20” pieces
10. Take the black wire through the hole that is slightly below the Gait rehabilitation assessment based of microwave Doppler
switch and wrap it around the screw holding the switch in place for radars embedded in walkers. Retrieved August 19,19, from
both 20” pieces https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7145200
11. Solder the black wire to the negative end of the battery for both ASHA. (n.d.). Traumatic Brain Injury in Adults: Overview. Retrieved from
20” pieces https://www.asha.org/PRPSpecificTopic.aspx?folderid=8589935337
12. Solder the red wire to the end in the resistor §ion=Overview
13. Solder the end of the resistor to the positive side of the battery for CDC. (2019, March 15). Stroke Facts. Retrieved from
both 20” pieces https://www.cdc.gov/stroke/facts.htm
14. Make sure the circuit is neatly tucked inside both of the 20” pieces
and reconnect them to the PVC • All images and tables were created by student
15. Solder the outside of the coiled wire for insulation
16. Create a 2 11” belt straps using a slide-release buckle and nylon
material
17. Drill two holes below the switch on both 20” pieces and screw in
the belt straps
18. Attach the opposite buckle on the gait belt.