IEC 61850 To TSPDCL

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SCADA Communication Protocols – IEC61850 and 104
SIMHADRI
Click toProtocol
What is communication edit Master title style
•It is just like a language for human beings.
•A uniform set of rules that enable two devices to

connect and communicate to each other.
•Protocol is a set of rules which determines how data

can be transmitted between devices over networks.
The diversity of Equipment's and Manufacturers

lead to a increase of Proprietary Protocols
Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 3

Click to edit
Major Protocols Available Master
in the markettitle style
IEC 61850
UCA 2.0
LON
IEC60870-5-104, DNP3 over LAN
IEC 60870-5-101, DNP3
IEC 60870-5-103
Courier (Areva)
Profibus (Siemens)
Modbus
Click
Proprietary Vs to edit
Open Master title style
Protocols
Proprietary Protocol: used by the vendor only
utility is restricted to one supplier
Examples of Proprietary Protocols are SPA, K-Bus, VDEW etc.
Open Protocol : With the arrival of open systems concept , it is desired

that devices rom one vendor be able to communicate with those of
other vendors i.e. devices should inter-operate. To achieve
interoperability one has to use industry standard open protocols.
Ex: IEC60870 -5-103,101,104, IEC61850,DNP,Modbus etc
We require one common protocol to overcome all limitations.

Click
Advantages of to edit
Open Master title style
Protocols
From the Utility Side:
• Vendor independence
• Reliable products at optimized costs
• Easily available knowledge and specification
From the vendor Side:

• Lower costs of installation and maintenance
• A large market and thus opportunity to compete
on price
• performance instead of technical details only.
• Cost effective project implementation

Click
Requirements to edit
of the Master
Global title style
Protocol
• Independent from protection or control functionality.
• Open to different system philosophies - Interoperability
• Have common description language for SAS.
• Facilitate efficient device integration
• Compatible with Ethernet and TCP/IP for communication
• Open to state of art communication concepts
Based on above IEC 61850 Protocol is framed.

Click to edit Master title style
What is Interoperationability?
“Telecom Engineering Centre has recommended a timeframe of six
to nine months, for converting the existing 10-digit mobile numbers
to the 11-digit format. The shift to 11-digit number will apply to all
mobile users-GSM and CDMA, old and new subscribers. “
“GSM sim-card inter changeability among Mobile set of any

manufacturer”.

InteroperabilityClick to edit Master title style
in SAS

Click
The idea behind IECto61850:
edit Master
Clienttitle style Concept
/ Server
• A Server provides a service.
• A Client uses a service.
• A bus driver is a server. The passengers are the clients.

The bus driver serves all the passengers regardless of
the purpose of each passenger.
• In a computer network, the server may be a file server.
The clients are the PCs on the network. The file server
serves every PC regardless of how the files are used.

Client – ServerClick to edit Master title style
Architecture
Client keeps connection to several servers

Client – ServerClick to edit Master title style
Architecture
Server supports connection to several clients

simultaneous.
Client- Server /Click to edit
Master Master title style
- Slave
Master-slave :
• Only one master is acting at a time
• The master polls various slaves, then distribute the information
to the applications.
• If the master fails then a back-up master may be used.
Client-server:
• Each application (client) request in parallel
• Client are typically HMI and Gateway, server are typically bay
controller, protection, measurement center.
• Applications do not go through a central point therefore get
the information on a faster and more reliable way
• Failure of a client does not affect the other clients
• A new client might be added without changing the
existing communications
Report Vs Polling
Report is transmitting data based on a condition being met

• Ex: Change of state, value, quality attribute, time-out
Report is more efficient than polling

• Data are transmitted only when there is a need to transmit them,
therefore reducing network and application load
• Polling cycle might be too long compared to the
application dynamic and loss event, in contrary to report
Report is fully compatible with client-server mode

• It can be emulated on master-slave mode but less efficiently

Click
Ethernet and IEC to edit
61850 Master
Initial title style
Situation
Network Control Level • Devices communicate with one

another through wiring.
IEC 60870-5-101, DNP, ... • Slow serial communications
protocols are used (master-slave
Station Level technique).
• Within a switchgear system,
IEC 60870-5-101 / 103, DNP, ... diverse, in part proprietary
Field Level
communications protocols are
used.
Hardwired
binary inputs and outputs • Frequently, a cost-intensive data
conversion is necessary.
Process Level • Redundancy can only be
achieved by doubling the
100V..120V, 1A/5A Hardwired communication (two busses).

Click
Ethernet and IEC to edit
61850 Master
– The title style
Solution
• Currently, an integrated
Network Control Level communication without protocol
conversion is possible up to the
Station Level.
• Siemens masters and
Station Level implements communication up to
the Network Control Level and
brings this experience into the
IEC 61850 continuous standardization.
Field Level • IEC 61850 uses the standard

Ethernet.
• The data model is future-
oriented, independent of
innovation advancements.
Process Level

IEC 61850 : A Click
break to through
edit Master
fortitle
SAstyle
 One world
 One technology
 One standard
IEC 61850 Goals:

 Interoperability
 Future-proof standard
… is ready now!

IEC 61850 on Time-Scale
“Committee “Final drafts “International
One World
Drafts for International Standard”
vote” Standard” One Technology
One Standard
2001 2002 2003 2004 IEC61850
Common work on ABB, ALSTOM, SIEMENS

the standard and on with the first interoperable
the interoperability products on the market
Click to
IEC 61850 : Relay edit Master title style
Interoperability
IEC
61850
“IEC 61850 has emerged & accepted as global

communication protocol for IED interoperability”

Click toStandard
Structure of 61850 edit Master title style

Click to
IEC 61850 Standard edit Master
– Parts 1, 2, 3,title
4 style
Part 1
• Introduction, glossary, but also some project management
requirements (quality, versions, system life cycle)
Part 2
• glossary
Part 3
• quality insurance
Part 4
• ... also some project management requirements

Click to
IEC 61850 Standard edit 5Master title style
– Part
Part 5
• Defines logical allocation of functions and interfaces

Click to
– Part
� Logical Node and Logical Link concept - Example

Click to
– Part
Substation Configuration Language (SCL)
�Description language for communication in electrical substations related

to the IEDs
�XML based language that allows a formal description of

• Substation automation system and the switchyard and the relation between
them
• IED configuration
Substation Configuration Language (SCL)
• SSD: System Specification Description.

XML description of the entire system.
• SCD: Substation Configuration Description.

XML description of a single substation.
• ICD: IED Capability Description.

XML description of items supported by an IED.
• CID: Configured IED Description.

XML configuration for a specific IED.
Click to
– Part

Click to edit Master
IEC 61850 – Communication title style
Data Modelling

Click todevice
Modelling : Logical edit Master title style

Click toDevice
Control

Click toDevice
Control

Logical NodesClick to edit Master title style

Logical NodesClick to edit Master title style

Click to edit
IEC 61850 Modelling Master title style
: Example

Click to edit
IEC 61850 Modelling Master title style
: Example

IEC 61850 Architecture

IEC 61850 Reporting

What is GOOSE
 GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event)
 It is a mechanism for the fast transmission of substation events, such as
commands, alarms, indications, as messages
 A single GOOSE message sent by an IED * can be received and used by
several receivers
 GOOSE takes advantage of the powerful Ethernet and supports real-time
behaviour
 It is used for e.g.
 tripping of switchgear
 starting of disturbance recorder
 providing position indication for interlocking

Click to editArchitecture
Publisher – Subscriber Master title style

Click toPrinciple
IEC 61850 – Goose edit Master title style

Click toPrinciple
IEC 61850 – Goose edit Master title style
A device send the information by multicast.
A subscribed equipment receives this message on this.
In the example “Z” receives the message, “Y” isn’t subscribed on this
EXAMPLE: • GOOSE
Receiver
Device Y
• GOOSE
•Ethernet
Sender
Device X
message
GOOSE
• GOOSE
Receiver
Device Z

Click toSaving
IEC 61850 – Wiring edit Master
Coststitle style
Conventional Wiring
Wiring with IEC 61850

Click towith
Switchgear Interlocking edit Master
IEC title style
61850-GOOSE
=C01 =C02 =C03

SS1
SS2
Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2
Coupling
x x x
Q0 Q0 Q0
IEC 61850
- GOOSE

IEC 61850 – Engineering

IEC 61850 – Engineering

IEC 61850 – Key Benefits
Speed: 100 Mbps instead of few 10 kbps
• More data for a better operation & maintenance
Peer-to-peer: No extra hardware
• Design of innovative automation schemes, late tuning
Conditional report instead of polling
• Optimal performances
IP (Internet Protocol) routing: Ubiquitous data access
• Capability to extend the system outside of the
substation
Client-server: Instead of master-slave
• Flexible designs easy to upgrade
Pre-defined names: Single vocabulary between users
• Easier engineering between teams
XML references: Formal interfaces
• Consistency between engineering tools

IEC60870-5 Introduction
In Electrcial Engineering and power system automation, the IEC
60870 Standards define systems used for tele control.
Such systems are used for controlling electric power transmission

grids and other geographically wide spread control systems.
By use of Standard protocols, equipment from many suppliers can

be made to interoperate.
IEC standard 60780 has six parts--- defining general information

related to standards, operating conditions, electrical interfaces,
performance requirements and data transmission protocols.

IEC60870-5 Introduction
IEC 60870-5-101 - Transmission protocols, companion standards,
especially for basic tele control tasks.
IEC 60870-5-102 – Companion Standard for the transmission of

integrated totals in electric power systems (this standard not
widely used)
IEC 60870-5-103 – Transmission protocols, Companion standard

for the informative interface of protection Equipment.
IEC 60870-5-104 – Transmission protocols, Network access for IEC

60870-5-101 using Standard transport protocols.

What is IEC 60870-101/103/104
IEC 60870 – 5 -101 /103 /104 for power system

monitoring, control
101 – Serial communication.
103 – protection relays
104 – Ethernet Implementation

What is IEC 60870-104
Supports 2 modes of data transfer
Unbalanced – master initiated message.

Balanced – Master/slave Initiated message.
Facility to classify the data into high priority

(Class-1) and low priority (Class-2) and
transfer the same using separate
mechanisms.
IEC60870-104 Click to edit Master title style
Features of IEC 60870-5-104
• Classify data into different interrogation groups (1-16) to get
the data according to the group by issuing specific group
interrogation command.
• Cyclic & Spontaneous data updating schemes are provided.
• Facility for time synchronization
•Benefits of IEC 60870-5-104
• ♦ Ability to group data by points
• ♦ Monitor and Control directions
• ♦ M_NA_SP, M_NA_DP, etc...
• ♦ Greater grouping of data based on priority of information
(Class 1 and 2).
• ♦ Time stamped data (CP24 and CP56)

IEC 60870 – 5 -104
Control Field
The control field defines control information for the protection against loss and
duplication of messages, start and stop of message transfers and the supervision of
transport connections.
Transmission control using Start/Stop

STARTDT (Start Data Transfer) and STOPDT (Stop Data Transfer) are used by the
controlling station (for example, Station A), to control the data transfer from a controlled
station (Station B).
This is useful, for example, when more than one connection between the stations is open
and therefore available, but only one connection at a time is used for the data transf

IEC 60870 – 5 -104
Acquisition of Events
• Events occur spontaneously at the application level.
• Procedures that perform the task of informing remote stations

of events depend on the operation of the communication
system.
• In every case the, the local process required an event buffer to

collect events that may appear faster than their transmission to
the remote station can be accomplished.

IEC 60870 – 5 -104
Command Transmission
A Command is used in tele control systems to cause a change of
state of an operational equipment.
•Commands may be initiated by an operator or by automatic
supervisory procedures in the controlling station.
•Typical pieces of operational equipment or application process
tasks involved could include:
Electrical Contactors, disconnectors.
Circuit Breakers.
Start/Stop of a local control process for process plant. Execute a step
in a local control sequence.
Set points, alarm limits, specific parameters , etc.

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NTPC Welcomes You

•It is just like a language for human beings.

•A uniform set of rules that enable two devices to

•Protocol is a set of rules which determines how data

The diversity of Equipment's and Manufacturers

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 3

IEC 60870-5-101, DNP3

Open Protocol : With the arrival of open systems concept , it is desired

Ex: IEC60870 -5-103,101,104, IEC61850,DNP,Modbus etc

We require one common protocol to overcome all limitations.

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 5

From the vendor Side:

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 6

• Open to different system philosophies - Interoperability

• Have common description language for SAS.

• Facilitate efficient device integration

• Compatible with Ethernet and TCP/IP for communication

• Open to state of art communication concepts

Based on above IEC 61850 Protocol is framed.

“GSM sim-card inter changeability among Mobile set of any

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 8

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 9

• A bus driver is a server. The passengers are the clients.

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 10

Client keeps connection to several servers

Server supports connection to several clients

Report is transmitting data based on a condition being met

Report is more efficient than polling

Report is fully compatible with client-server mode

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 14

Network Control Level • Devices communicate with one

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 15

Field Level • IEC 61850 uses the standard

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 16

IEC 61850 Goals:

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 17

2001 2002 2003 2004 IEC61850

Common work on ABB, ALSTOM, SIEMENS

“IEC 61850 has emerged & accepted as global

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 19

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 20

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 21

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 22

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 23

�Description language for communication in electrical substations related

�XML based language that allows a formal description of

Substation Configuration Language (SCL)

• SSD: System Specification Description.

• SCD: Substation Configuration Description.

• ICD: IED Capability Description.

• CID: Configured IED Description.

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