Scientific capsule

Types of hypothesis

RESEARCH TOPIC
CASE STUDY:
SCHOOL DESERTION
 By:

NASHLY KATHERINE BARRAGAN LOSADA ID: 664614

ANDREA FERNANDA VALENZUELA SILVA ID: 312560
CECILIA QUIMBAYA COLLAZOS ID: 660928
 HYPOTHESIS

These are explanations about the

phenomenon that’s being studied
these are often stated as affirmations
or as propositions these are
established as provisional answers to
the research question.

( sampieri,2006).

http://segen.com.mx/preguntas-frecuentes
 An adequate hypothesis requires the following :

VARIABLES
Elements that have a value that can be measured.
The most used variables are:
INDEPENDENT
Shows the cause that a phenomenon generates in the
research topic
Example: school desertion is the product of the
parents’ low economic availability to pay for
education.
DEPENDENT
Shows the effect or consequence that a phenomenon
brings
Example: School desertion has the long term
consequence that the formation of well educated
professionals will decrease in professional careers https://www.lifeder.com/variable-
cuantitativa/
 Styles of variables

UNIVARIATE: It possesses only one variable

EXAMPLE: School desertion in school Antonio
Baraya
BIVARIATE: Possesses two variables
EXAMPLE: school desertion is a product of the
lack of economic resources from the family and
low interest of the students.
MULTIVARIATE: Has more than three variables .
Example: Quitting school may cause depression ,
poverty and it motivates violence.
http://leon-vera-
proyectoedu.blogspot.com/2016/06/variables.html
 Having in mind what was mentioned before, the
types of hypothesis are:

1. Investigation hypothesis
2. Null hypothesis
3. Alternative hypothesis
4. Statistical hypothesis

https://sites.google.com/site/aprendiendomasestadistica/realizando-mas-
trabajos/18---mapa-conceptual-de-las-pruebas-de-hipotesis
 Research hypothesis
These are Assumptions about the proportions of the possible relationships
between two or more variables (Hi).
It could be:
A) Descriptive about a value or a predicted data:
it tries to predict a certain value or data in one or
more variables that are going to be measured or
observed
( Sampiere,2006)

EXAMPLE: If school desertion continues in the

school Antonio Baraya in five years, an educational
http://accionesdebolsa.com/seleccion-de-
crisis in the institution may present itself volumenes-anormalmente-
elevados.html/investigando
 B) Correlational hypothesis

It studies the relationship between two

or more variables.
(Sampieri,2006)

EXAMPLE: An increase in school desertion

causes a decrease in professional workforce

https://www.imagenesmy.com/imagenes/capital-
de-acciones-78.html
 c) Difference between
groups hypothesis
It allows the comparison between groups in
a investigation

EXAMPLE:Young people that finish their

studies will have better job opportunities
than those that didn’t finish their studies

http://manuelangelgarcia.com/diferencia-entre-
comunicarse-e-informarse--internet-crea-guetos-y-afianza-
las-desigualdades
D)Hypothesis that establishes causality
relationships

It reassures the relationship between two or more

variables and the way they manifest themselves; it
also brings an understanding to these relationships.

EXAMPLE: The economic issues of the families

make some young people to dropout school to
work.

https://www.emaze.com/@AQLOLLQT
Null hypothesis

Those are propositions that deny or

argue against a relationship between
variables (Ho).
(Sampieri,2006)

EXAMPLE:Young people who complete

their high school studies do not always
persevere to continue in higher
education.

https://aepef.org/apoyo-economico-
investigacion/
 Alternative hypothesis

Different possibilities or alternative from

the research hypothesis and the null
hypothesis (Ha o H1).
(Sampieri,2006)

EXAMPLE: the average of students that dropout

each year at Antonio Baraya School is higher than
two students per group.

http://www.cuadernosdeperiodistas.com/el-sencillo-y-
poderoso-porcentaje-manejese-con-cuidado/
 E) Statistical hypothesis

It’s a proposition or assumption about the

parameters of one or even more populations .
They change the research hypothesis, null
https://www.dinero.com/pais/articulo/desercion-y-abandono-de-la- hypothesis and alternative hypothesis
educacion-universitaria-en-colombia/247068

EXAMPLE :
H1= The average of students that dropout from
Antonio Baraya School is higher than two students
per group.
X= students that dropout
H1= X<2(quantity).
Thanks for your
attention.