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Presented By:
Steve Mathieu
Aaron Rinaca
Mike Ferris
Mike Burker
Brief History of Compact Digital
Media
1980: The first Compact Disk player is produced by Sony/Phillips.
1982: The first Compact Disk is manufactured for sale, Billy Joel’s “52nd Street”
1984: First portable Compact Disk players enter the market followed by car CD players shortly after.
1985: Sony/Philips announce the standard for compact disc storage of computer data, the CD-ROM
1987: Video CD format is designed.
1991: CD-R (Compact Disk Recordable) technology is introduced as a new storage technology.
1996: Digital Versatile Disk(DVD) technology is introduced
1997: DVD’s and DVD players begin to enter the market
1998: DVD Recordable systems invented and begin to enter the market
2000: DVD movies become mainstream and replace analog VHS as the format of choice.
Compact Disk (CD) Basics
•Uses Digital Technology to store data in binary values of Zero and One
•Uses Error Correction for reliable data retrieval even if the CD becomes
lightly scratched.
Types Of Compact Disks
CD Audio – The first type of CD that was available. This allows for
the storage of digital audio. These are playable in all current CD drives
and car audio systems including DVD players.
Printed Label : The image on the top of the CD, more of a “secondary” protection device than
anything else.
Protective Lacquer: This protects the CD from scratches and helps reflect the CD player’s laser.
Aluminum Layer: This is the reflective layer that primarily bounces the CD player’s laser back.
Polycarbonate: Known industry wide as a very durable substance, Polycarbonate is a clear
covering designed to protect the pits and lands in the CD surface.
CD Audio: How Does It Work?
Sound is Sampled at 40,000 Times per Second or Higher
Therefore, with 40,000 samples per second, and 16-bits per sample,
that’s over 640,000 bits per second! Therefore a 1 minute long
music clip would take over 38,400,000 bits (+/- 38MB) for storage!
Computer CD-ROM’s
Divided Into Sectors Containing User Data and Error Correction Codes.
Set up similar to hard drives however they do not have a “FAT” sector,
instead sectors are opened and closed with special pit and land
combinations.
File Systems are used to store data for easy and quick access
CD Recordable Basics
Printed Label : The image on the top of the CD, more of a “secondary” protection device than anything else.
Protective Lacquer: This protects the CD from scratches and helps reflect the CD player’s laser.
Gold Layer: This is the reflective layer that primarily bounces the CD player’s laser back.
Dye Layer: This is burned into Dark or Light spots by the CD Recorder drive. Imitates lands and pits.
Polycarbonate: Known industry wide as a very durable substance, Polycarbonate is a clear covering
designed to protect the pits and lands in the CD surface.
CD-R Technology
Can Only Write Data Once
Uses Alloy of Sliver, Indium, Antimony, and Tellurium for Reflective Layer
Uses varying power levels to read and write lands and pits.
Both discs are the same physical size (120 mm diameter & 1.2 mm thickness, which makes CDs compatible
with DVD players.
Both discs are made with the same basic technology and production processes
Both technologies read discs in the same manner
DVD software can be replicated from existing CD production facilities
CDs can hold only 80 minutes of music, while DVDs can hold 7 hours of music at the same quality, or 80 minutes
of music at better quality
DVD can record audio at better quality than CD because of increased sampling rate and quantization levels
DVD drives can play CD audio so it is downwardly compatible technology. Unfortunately, CD drives cannot play
DVD audio
DVD to surpass CD Video and
VHS?
•DVD video is encoded in MPEG-2 format, while CD video is
encoded in MPEG-1 format
•DVD drives can play CD video, but CD drives cannot play DVD
video
Is CD technology on the way
out?
•CDs will continue to be a leading audio format in the recording industry for several
years to come
•More advanced applications will abandon the CD format, while smaller applications
may stay will the CD format
•Newer players and drives that support new formats, yet providing backwards
compatibility will prolong the CD format’s life
•Video games systems will move away from the CD format towards DVD, for example
the new Sony Playstation 2 uses DVD technology as does the upcoming Microsoft X-
BOX and the next generation Nintendo system.
The future of DVD
•DVD Video will become the leading format for the movie industry
•DVD will become the leading format for video game systems
•DVD Audio will compete with the currently experimental Super Audio CD
(SACD) technology.
The End