Presented by :

 Particulate Control Equipments

 Gravitational Settling Chamber
 Cyclone Separator
 Electrostatic Precipitator
 Scrubber
 Choice of equipments
 Prevention of nuisance
 Prevention of physical damage to property
 Elimination of health hazards to plant
personnel
 Recovery of valuable waste product
 Minimization of economic losses
 Improvement of product quality
 Used to remove particles with size greater
than 50 μm.
 Velocity of flue gas reduced in large
chamber.
 Particles settle under gravitational force.
 Vs= hV/ L ----------- (i)
L= length of chamber V= horizontal velocity of carrier gas
Vs= settling velocity of particulates h= height through
which particulates travel.

By stokes law Vs= g(ρ’ - ρ)D2/18μ -------

-- (ii) D= dia of particle g= acceleration due to gravity ρ’=
density of particle ρ = density of gas μ= viscosity of gas

From eq- i and ii D= [18Vhμ/ Lg (ρ’ -

ρ)]1/2 D = minimum size of particle that can be
removed in a settling chamber
 Industrial application is limited
 Used widely for removal of large solid
particulates from draft furnace, kilns.
 Sometimes used in process industry, food
and metallurgical industry.
 Used as pre-cleaners for high efficiency
collectors.
 Centrifugal force is utilized to separate the
particulate matter.
 It can remove 10 to 50 μm particle size.
 Used mostly in industries
 Design factor having greatest effect on
collection efficiency is cyclone diameter.
 For smaller diameter, higher is efficiency,
because centrifugal action increase with
decreasing radius of rotation.
OPERATING PROBLEMS:
Erosion
Corrosion
Material build up
 Control gas borne particulates from
industries like cement, feed and grain
processing, food and beverage processing,
mineral processing, paper and textile
industries and wood working industries.
 Used in recovery of catalyst ducts in
petroleum industry and reduction of fly ash
emission.
 Gas stream passed two electrodes and
high potential difference is
maintained.

 Out of two electrodes, one is

discharging other collecting and
potentials of 100 kv are used.

 Ionization creates active glow zone

called “corona”.Gas ionization is
 As particulates pass through field, they get
charged and migrate to oppositely charged
electrode.
 Particles deposited on collecting electrodes,
lose charge and removed mechanically by
rapping., vibration or washing to a hopper.
Application:
Cement factories, Pulp and paper mills ,Steel
plants , Non- ferrous metal industry , Chemical
industry ,Petroleum industry Carbon black
industry , Electric power industry
 Particulate matters are incorporated into
liquid droplets and removed from the gas
stream.
 Flue gas made to push up against a down
falling water current.
 Particulate matter mix up with water thus
falls down and gets removed.
 Spray towers
 Venturi scrubbers
 Cyclone scrubbers
 Packed scrubbers
 Mechanical scrubbers
 Cyclones:- cheap to install, power consumption
moderate, maintenance cost normal.
 Filters:- expensive to install, power
consumption moderate. Maintenance cost high.
 Electrostatic precipitators:- most expensive
regarding installation, power consumption
moderate to low as pressure drops.
Maintenance cost moderate
 Scrubbers :- installation cost moderate,
maintenance cost not high, high rate of power
consumption.
1. Particulate size
2. Particulate loading
3. Efficiency required
4. Properties of carrier gas
5. Flow characteristics of carrier gas
6. Specific property of contaminant
7. Allowable pressure drop
8. Contaminate disposal
9. Capital and operating cost of equipment
10. Ease of maintenance and reliability Economical
aspects