BUDDHISM

BUDDHISM
• Originated from India
• Like Hinduism, Buddhists believe in the law of
karma, in reincarnation, and in the ultimate goal
of attaining liberation and nirvana.
• Today's dominant religion in China

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SIDDHARTA GAUTAMA (566-
486 BCE)

• Founder of Buddhism
• Buddha — "the enlightened one"
• For approximately 400 years, his
teachings were transmitted
through oral tradition.

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 Principles of Buddhism:
The Four Noble Truths
1. No one can deny that suffering is the condition
of all existence.
2. Suffering and general dissatisfaction come to
human beings because they are possessive,
greedy, and, above all, self-centered.

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 Principles of Buddhism:
The Four Noble Truths
3. Egocentrism, possessiveness, and greed
however, beunderstood, overcome, rooted
out.
4.This rooting out, this vanquishing, can be
brought about by following an Eightfold Path
of behavior in thought, word, and deed. Change
of viewpoint will manifest itself in a new outlook and new patterns
of behavior.
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 EIGHTFOLD PATH
• Right View - one should understand that the main
cause of suffering is ignorance.
• Right Intention - one understands the causes of
suffering, he or she must intend to transform those
causes.
• Right Speech - one must be truthful and
constructive when communicating with another.

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 EIGHTFOLD PATH
• Right Action - one must avoid violent and destructive
actions.
• Right Livelihood - one's means of subsistence must
not be destructive to other people, other living things,
and the environment.
• Right Effort - one must accept that the path to
liberation is difficult and requires effort and
perseverance.
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 EIGHTFOLD PATH
• Right Mindfulness - one must aspire for self-
awareness to fight aggression and other negative
tendencies.
• Right Concentration - one should realize the
importance of meditation in order to gain deeper
insights.

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 • One of the most relevant aspects of Buddhism's
Eightfold path in relation to the conduct of
business is Right Livelihood.
• Even if your product is not harmful but is
produced in such a way that compromises the
environment or causes unjust treatment of people,
the business activity still raises serious moral
issues.

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 • Buddhism firmly believes in the interconnectedness
and interdependence of all things in the universe.
• Business policies and decisions will surely affect the
various stakeholders of the business organization.
• Thus, "Business are integral parts of the community,
decision making cannot be reduced to profits without
considering the impact on people and environment."

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 • Buddhism puts high value on spiritual liberation
over material well-being.
• Thus, profit as a purpose of business must be seen
in the larger context of being simply a means
rather than an end itself.
• One of the central tenets of Buddhism is the
overcoming of human suffering.

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 • "The goal in Buddhism is to eliminate suffering, so
allowing business to profit while exploiting people
and polluting the environment increases the
amount of suffering and is counterproductive to
the overall goal."

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CONFUCIANISM
 CONFUCIANISM
• Not a religion. It is more of a body of philosophical
teachings. It is also widely considered as n ethical
system and thus mainly seen as a way of life.
• Has dominated Chinese philosophical and
religious thoughts.

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CONFUCIUS (551-479 BCE)

• Founder of Confucianism
• Confucius is the Western
translation of the Chinese phrase
K'ung Fu-tse which means
"Master K'ung."
• The Analect of Confucius - is
composed of sayings and stories
of the life of Master K'ung.
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 REN LI
• "humaneness" or • "propriety"
"benevolence"
• Harmony and respect
• Value the development
of human character. toward each perdon's
• "The nature and duties
role in the society.
of the human being must
be studied diligently and
cultivated, and humanity
is to be loved."
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 • "Ren and Li govern human relationships and
underline a civil and harmonious Chinese society."

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 "In light of this, Confucius distinguished between
two typed of individuals: gentlemen whose conduct
is governed by moral principles and small men
whose character is driven by profit."

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 "Confucian ethics reminds us that if the sole goal of
business activities is profit making or wealth
accumulation, that would run afoul of Confucian
doctrine."

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