Bare rock is exposed Organisms are driven

due to some type of away or killed by some

disturbance like a type of disturbance,
retreating glacier or like a forest fire,
volcanic eruption. No leaving behind only
soil is present. the soil.

Small and Large trees

Pioneer species, like begin to grow, and the
lichens and mosses, community reaches an
establish themselves equilibrium or
on the rock substrate. balance. This results in
a climax community.

Pioneer species help Some pioneers species

provide soil and are replace or
nutrients for other outcompeted by other
plant species like species like shrubs and
shrubs and small trees. small trees.

Small and Large trees Pioneer species, like

begin to grow, and the grasses and weeds,
community reaches an begin to grow from the
equilibrium or soil. Roots and seeds
balance. This results in left over may also
a climax community. begin to grow again.
Bare rock is exposed Organisms are driven
due to some type of away or killed by some
disturbance like a type of disturbance,
retreating glacier or like a forest fire,
volcanic eruption. No leaving behind only
soil is present. the soil.

Pioneer species, like

Pioneer species, like grasses and weeds,
lichens and mosses, begin to grow from the
establish themselves soil. Roots and seeds
on the rock substrate. left over may also
begin to grow again.

Pioneer species help Some pioneers species

provide soil and are replace or
nutrients for other outcompeted by other
plant species like species like shrubs and
shrubs and small trees. small trees.

Small and Large trees Small and Large trees

begin to grow, and the begin to grow, and the
community reaches an community reaches an
equilibrium or equilibrium or
balance. This results in balance. This results in
a climax community. a climax community.
Bare rock is exposed Small and Large trees
Pioneer species die
due to some type of Pioneer species, like begin to grow, and the
and decay, providing
disturbance like a lichens and mosses, community reaches an
soil and nutrients for
retreating glacier or establish themselves equilibrium or
other plant species like
volcanic eruption. No on the rock substrate. balance. This results in
shrubs and small trees.
soil is present. a climax community.

Primary Succession: The establishment of new community where none existed before.
 Organisms are driven Pioneer species, like Small and Large trees
Some pioneers species
away or killed by some grasses and weeds, begin to grow, and the
die and are replace or
type of disturbance, begin to grow from the community reaches an
outcompeted by other
like a forest fire, soil. Roots and seeds equilibrium or
species like shrubs and
leaving behind only left over may also balance. This results in
small trees.
the soil. begin to grow again. a climax community.

Secondary Succession: The reestablishment of community following disturbance.