CASE STUDIES OF GRIHA CERTIFIED BUILDING

AT COMPOSITE AND HOT AND DRY CLIMATE

CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR
INDIA’S 1ST 5-STAR GRIHA RATED BUILDING AT IIT KANPUR

CESE is a research facility at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur on a

plot area of 175, 000 square metre (approximately 4.5 acres). The facility
houses laboratories, seminar rooms, and discussion rooms. Given the
function of the building, it was decided that it should be designed in an
environment friendly manner. It has been conceptualized, designed and
constructed as a “BUILDING IN THE GARDEN" that is sustainable and
environment friendly.
CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

SALIENT FEATURES
• Design to include Existing Site Features.

• Building design to reduce Conventional Energy Demands.

• Punctures provided at certain distances to preserve existing trees and to ensure

adequate daylight in the spaces.

• Reduction in building and landscape Water use.

• Solar Panels for outdoor lighting.

• Use of Cavity Walls with air space and fiber glass for insulation.

• Design of Fenestration for Maximum daylight & Air Movement.

CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

KEY SUSTAINABLE FEATURES

•The building is fully compliant with the ECBC (Energy Conservation Building Code).
•Sustainable site planning has been integrated to maintain favourable microclimate.
•The architectural design has been optimized as per climate and sun path analysis.
•The building has energy-efficient artificial lighting design and daylight integration.
•It also has energy-efficient air conditioning design with controls integrated to reduce
annual energy consumption.
•Passive strategies such as an earth air tunnel have been incorporated in the HVAC
design to reduce the cooling load.
CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR
CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

PASSIVE COOLING STRATEGIES

• Non-air conditioned wet labs on ground floor and Air-conditioned dry labs on first floor
to reduce the water supply and drainage service line cost.
• Optimized building design and envelope through selection of wall and roof
construction.
• Shading devices on windows and roof provided as solar passive measures after
studying the sun path diagram.
•Utilization of renewable form of energy through building integrated photovoltaic
panels.
CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR
ORIENTATION
•The building is oriented in E-W Direction.

•Provision of an internal court shaded by louvers allows free air movement.

•The waterbody on the North humidifies the surrounding exterior of the building.

INTERNAL COURT

W AT E R B O D Y O N R E A R S I D E O F T H E I N N E R C O U R T T O AL L O W FR E E AI R
B U I L D I NG MOVEMENT
CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING

•CESE building has the most advanced and
efficient lighting system in whole IIT
Kanpur campus.

•The lighting system is designed with

controls and integrated daylight.

•There is almost no need of artificial

lighting in day time, 85% building area is
day lit (TERI proposes a minimum
requirement of 75% day lit area).

•To meet TERI-GRIHA lighting

requirements, CFLs (Compaq Fluorescent
Lamp) and CDMT (Ceramic Discharge
Metal Halide) lamps have been used. They
consume less power and have longer life.

AUTOMATIC ADJUSTABLE LOUVER SYSTEM

CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

PASSIVE COOLING
SYSTEMS
Three types of cooling systems
are used in the building :

Variable Refrigerant Volume Thermal Mass Storage

(VRV)
Mainly used in Laboratories,
administration area and dining
areas.
Earth Air Tunnel (EAT)
Uses the geohermal property
of the earth and thus reduces
15% cooling load of the
building.
Used in the classrooms for
storing energy when
available and using it
when required. The
cooling of thermal mass is
done during night which is
then used to cool air in
day time. This system
gives an energy saving up
to 40%
CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

Impact of Energy Efficiency measures on

costs
Built up area is 4240 sqm of which 1912
sqm is air conditioned

• Key energy efficiency features that added to cost (35 lacs)

– High performance glazing (Incremental cost of Rs 12.5 lacs)

– Roof insulation(Incremental cost of 7 lacs)

– Efficient lighting with controls(incremental cost of 9 lacs)

– High efficiency chillers/pumps/fans (about 34 TR which is

30% of total tonnage was saved, hence there was a
decrease in cost by about 4 lacs)

– Earth air tunnel (11 lacs)

– Annual energy savings : 18.5 lacs

CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

Optimization of building material & selection

• Initial energy consumption: 240 kWh/m2 yr

Building envelope
•Brick wall
•RCC roof without insulation
•Single clear glass for windows

240 kWh/m2 per annum

•Cavity brick wall with insulation

•Roof insulation with fiber glass
208 kWh/m2 per annum
•Shading on roof
•Double glass for windows

13% energy savings

CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

Optimization of Lighting Design

Lighting optimization
•Efficient fixtures
•Efficient fixtures & lamps 208 kWh/m2 per
annum
•Efficient layout
•Daylight integration

Achievement
168 kWh/m2 per
LPD=1.3W/ft2 annum

Illumination levels as per standards: 19% energy savings

Laboratory: 400 lux
Corridors: 200 lux
Work plane (faculty room): 300 lux
CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

Optimization of HVAC system

HVAC system

•Air-cooled chiller 168 kWh/m2 per

annum

• Water-cooled chiller CoP=4.88

(complying with minimum efficiency
requirements of the Energy 133 kWh/m2 per
Conservation Building Code annum

21% energy savings

CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

Optimization of HVAC design

HVAC system

• No controls used in HVAC system

• Controls used in HVAC system

– Variable speed drives for chilled water pumps
– Efficient load management
– Earth air tunnel for fresh air treatment

133 kWh/m2 per

annum

98 kWh/m2 per
annum

26% energy savings

CASE STUDY : CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

Annual Energy Savings

Initial energy EPI = 240 kWh/m2 per annum

performance
Envelope optimisation

EPI = 208 kWh/m2 per annum

Lighting optimisation
61% savings
EPI = 168 kWh/m2 per annum

Efficient chiller

EPI = 133 kWh/m2 per annum

Controls for HVAC system

Final energy EPI = 98 kWh/m2 per annum
performance
CASE STUDY : 2

GRIHA Certified building at

Hot and Dry Climate
Indian Institute of technology
Ghandhinagar (Gujarat)
CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)
• Gujarat comes under hot and dry
climate.
• It has hot and dry region is usually
flat with sandy or rocky ground
conditions.
• Due to intense solar radiation
(values as 800-950 W/SQ.M), the
ground and the surroundings of this
region are heated up very quickly
during day time.
• Summer’s temp-40-45 degree
Celsius during day and 20-30
degree Celsius during night.
• Winter’s temp-5-25 degree Celsius
during day and 0-10 degree Celsius
during night.
CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)

Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar(Gujarat):

• GRIHA LD Master plan Rating(version 2) : 5 stars
• Location : Gandhinagar,near
village
Palaj,Gujarat
• Site Area : 162.7 hectares/
16,26,838 SQ.M
• Built up Area : 5,51,965 SQ.M
• Energy Reduction : 37% below GRIHA LD
base case
• Water Reduction : 30% below GRIHA LD
base case
• Organic waste reduction : 100%
• Renewable Energy Installation Proposed : 500 kwp
CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)

GRIHA LD Master plan Rating(version -2):

 Large(mixed-use) townships:
• Housing complex by builders
• Housing complexes by urban development organizations
• Housing board and public sector undertaking Townships
• Plotted developments with part construction by the developer

 Educational and institutional campuses

 Medical colleges and hospital complexes(eg: AIIMS)

 Special economic zones

 Hotels/resorts

Qualification for rating: total site area greater than or

equal to 50 hectares.
CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)

 In GRIHA LD the development will be evaluated in

six different sections as listed below:
 Site Planning
 Energy
 Water and waste water
 Solid waste management
 Transport
 Social

 Each section comprises two parts: quantitative and

qualitative.
 Each section will be evaluated on quantitative(except
social) parameters as well as qualitative.

APPRAISAL:
Finally the net impact on quantitative and qualitative
parameters(In and Iq respectively) will be totaled and
compared against the base case impact of 100%. The following
formula will be used for the same
CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)
The following strategies were adopted to reduce the
project impact on the natural environment:

 Sustainable Site Planning:

• Hard paving reduced and landscape interspersed between
the building clusters to reduce increase in outdoor ambient
air temperature.

• Storm water management planned to reduce peak run-off

quantity.
• Sustainable Urban Drainage systems to be implemented in
the form of holding ponds.
CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)
The following strategies were adopted to reduce the
project impact on the natural environment:

 Sustainable Site Planning:

• Over 79% of total area under existing tree clusters, lakes will
be preserved.
• These trees and lake used as a passive cooling strategy.

• Native trees are used for balance the ecosystem

Green roof is used to maintain

the temperature and thermal
comfort at corridor also
CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)

The following strategies were adopted to reduce the

project impact on the natural environment:

 Sustainable Site Planning:

Fly-ash bricks used for construction

CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)

 Energy Efficiency:
• The buildings are designed to be about 36% more energy
efficient than GRIHA LD base case.
• Street lighting is designed to be almost 48% more energy
efficient than the GRIHA LD base case.
• Street lights to be designed to meet minimum lighting
requirements and installed with automatic switches.

Solar panel is used to

reduce the consumption

Solar street light with

automation system is
used to save the energy.

• Streets are also used for regulate the natural ventilation.

CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)

 Water Efficiency:
• a project plans to reduce its annual water demand by 30%
through reuse of treated wastewater and captured rainwater.
• All fixtures in the project will be low-flow fixtures.
• DEWATS system will be installed for treating waste water to
be reused in the campus.

DEWATS System at staff quarter

CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)

 Solid Waste Management:

• The project is attempting to convert all its organic kitchen waste
into biogas.
• All waste from campus will be segregated and sent for recycling
through authorized recyclers.

 Efficient Transport:
• site planning done to improve walkability of the campus through
continuous and universally accessible footpaths.
• E-rickshaws will be provided on site for intra-site movement.
• Electric charging facilities will be provided for more than 10% of
the total car and two wheeler parking slots.
CASE STUDY : 2
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GHANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT)

 Social:
• all construction workers to have proper safety gear and
equipment.
• All construction workers to have clean drinking water, toilets and
accommodation.
• Campus will be made universally accessible
• IIT plans to implement measures to increase environment
awareness in the campus

 Integrated Design Team:

• Client: IIT
Gandhinagar
• Principal Master planner: Dr. Vinod
Gupta
• Green Building Design and Certification: dbHMS
REFERENCES

www.iitk.ac.in/cese/proposal.pdf
http://www.teriin.org/themes/sustainable/griha.php
http://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/homes-and-gardens/article31941.ece
http://www.rsrdc.com/uploads/files/111201071822PMGriha%20Manual.pdf