Application of Nanotechnology in Marine and

Aerospace Industry

Presented by:
Sangita Parajuli(16)
Raushan kumar(19)

Instructor:
Dr.Mahesh Joshi
Date: 16-December-2018
 Marine industry
-The main problem in marine transportation is corrosion of the
ship by sea water and atmosphere.
-Sea water has high salinity which enhance the metal corrosion and
fouling in the ships.
-Stainless steel which is a good corrosion resistant in normal atmosphere
even will undergo partial corrosion in sea atmosphere.
-Another problem in water transportation is the marine microbial fouling
and erosion in the bottom of the ship and waterline area due to long soak
in water. All these will adversely affect the reliability of the ship,
environmental adaptability, life span of hull and survivability.
-Researches and studies on the application of nanotechnology promise us
good results in this field.
 Why nanotechnology in marine?
- Metal oxide nanoparticles of TiO2,ZnO, MgO and Al2O3 added to paint
coatings and fibers increase the ultraviolet blocking
and antimicrobial properties which can be used for better coatings and
fibers.
- Incorporation of nanoclay the composite used to make ships
impart flame retardant and anti-corrosive behavior.
- These composites are usually used to make sturdier sails and hulls of
the ship.
- Carbon nanotubes are added to the polymers to develop explosion
proof structures, electromagnetic shielding and safety harness especially
in load bearing applications and various rigs in the sea.
- Compare to traditional zirconia coating, nanostructured zirconia
coatings on the outfit of the ship has improved scratch and abrasion
resistance for long period of time.
 Nanotechnology in marine
Nano composite ?
A matrix to which nanoparticles have been added to improve a
particular property of the material.
Use of Nano composite in marine industry
Carbon nanomaterial's technology allow to reach the cutting
weight and durability requirements.
Differences of Nano composite from conventional composite
materials:
Provide a stiff , tough ,durable composite material that is lighter
in weight .
Deliver greater resistance to cracks (allowing the vessels to
exhibits the durability required for challenging ocean
environment. )
Nanotechnology product
 LRV-17

 It is built from Arovex, a carbon

fiber Nano composite system.
(carbon fiber reinforced plastic
enhanced with carbon nanotube)
 Also known as CFRP-CNT.
 Boat designer and manufacturers
benefits from carbon fiber
technology such as Arovex ,
because it provides a
shiff,tough,durable composite
material that is lighter in weight.
 Carbon Nanotube
 Single layers of graphene(1 atom
thick sheets of carbon commonly
called ‘grephene’ ) that are rolled to
form a cylindrical tube.
 Can be multiple layers thick with
the atoms ordered differently to
produce the required
characteristics.

Carbon fiber
 A material consisting of fibers
about 5-10m in diameter and
composed mostly of carbon atoms.
 The carbon atoms are bonded
together in crystals that are aligned
parallel to the long axis of fiber.
 The crystal alignment gives the fiber
high strength-to- volume
ratio(makes it strong for it’s size.)
 Several thousand carbon fibers are
bundled together which can then
be woven into a fabric.
CNTs and CNFs
Carbon fiber
 Advantages
CNTs
 Extremely high strength are the
strongest stiffest materials
discovered to date in terms of
tensile strength.
 They are many times higher
then steel but at much lighter
weight than making them a
useful material technology
product for weight reduction.
CNFs
 Very light fiber resulting in
lightweight structures.
 Can be stiff and strong fibers
depending on the composite part
being produced and the type
carbon fiber material required.
 Thermal expansion is basically
zero, can resist very high
temperature.
 Carbon fiber composite structures
do not suffer any fatigue issue.
 Permeable to X-ray and does not
corrode, which is huge issue with
metals.
 Application
CNTs
Carbon nanotubes spray coating:
 Carbon nanotubes have
shown great promise as an
economical alternative to
making transparent
conductive oxide (TCO) layers,
commonly used with organic
and dye-sensitized cells, as
well as several other
electronics applications.
CNFs
 Use to replace doors and
hatches with Arovex on
military vessels and
commercial vessels where
traditionally aluminum and
steel were used.
 Also can replacing metal
components with Arovex
components and lighten the
structure.
 CNTs are extremely strong

A one inch thick rope made of CNTs is 100 times stronger than
steel and 1/6 the weight of steel.

Can you imagine a building built with ropes instead of steel or an

elephant on a platform supported by CNT ropes?
 Nanotechnology in Aerospace

The aerospace industry is

one of the most important
heavy industries in the
world.
What does the industry
want?
Material that are :
 lighter
 stronger
 more durable
 resistant to extreme
conditions
 Also interested in
material that have
unique properties
 Why nanotechnology in aerospace?
- A large number of companies rely on the aerospace transportation as
it has ability to ship large amount of goods and people around the world
with minimum time which can be only imagined by other modes of
transportation.
- Aerospace requires high security and high perfection as small defects
in manufacturing or operation will risk lives of many and therefore
heavy investment and at most care are taken in these industries.
- The materials using in aircraft should possess high yield strength,
high tensile strength and resistance to corrosion with low density.
- The major focuses in current R&D of aerospace are
on construction of light materials with high strength and developing
efficient engines with less pollution.
Nanomaterial and their functional properties in Aerospace

Aerospace
Nanomaterials Functional properties
SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2 Scratch resistance

Nanoclay, graphene Gas barrier

CuO, TiO2, ZnO Antimicrobial

Nanoclay Corrosion and fire retardant

TiO2, ZnO, BaSO4, CeO2, graphene Ultraviolet stability

SiO2, CaSiO3, CNTs, TiO2 Impact resistance

CNTs, ZrO2, nanoclay Heat resistance

SnO2, CNTs, graphene Electrical conductivity

 Commercial application
1. Advanced composite materials
2.Aerospace paint and sealant
3. Deicing
#Advance composite materials:
Composite material are combination of two ore more organic or
inorganic components.
 Consists of high strength Nano fibers embedded in a matrix.
 material are:
matrix material : material that holds everything together. e.g.,
epoxy,bismaleimide,or polyimide.
fibers : serve as a reinforcement , embedded in the matrix. e.g.,
glass fiber, boron fiber, carbon fiber.
Advance composite material(contd….)

Carbon fiber plane

lighter and stronger
In airlines weight is money, the
heavier a plane is , the more fuel it
takes to drives through the air. The
more fuel it takes , the more it cost.
 In today’s plane like Boeing’s
787 Dreamliner's and Airbus’s
A350 relay on light weight
carbon fiber composites.
 Airbus’s A350 has both it’s
fuselage and wings made from
carbon fiber.
 Traditionally used aluminum
metal made planes heavier
,consume more fuel where as
composite makes aircraft lighter
by 20% and fuel efficient.
It’s body is made from carbon composite instead of aluminum. During the testing phase
of the aircraft , the wings were stressed as much as they would be in the worst
conditions of flight. The wings were tested to 150% of stress that was expected during
flight.
Planes are going to be lighter and stronger because of tiny nanotubes.
 Aerospace paint and sealant
• Sealant to seal the structure
like fuel tanks, aerodynamic
sealing's, and windshield
installation.
• Based on nanotechnology
e.g.Pro-seal, aerospace
coating
-It is environment friendly.
-Better adhesions.
-Corrosion resistance.
• PPG aerospace chromate-free
repaint process includes a
epoxy primer.
Aerospace coating
Hydrophobic coatings using nanotechnology are helping in the aerospace industry by
making airplane wings resistant to water and ice-coating.
 Deicing
When a plane is in air ,icing can occurs and plane’s
performance suffers and disasters can occur.
Deicing is currently used technique based on
nanotechnology.
 Uses simple painting methods.
 Can be applied to a variety of curved surfaces.
How?
 Sprayed on planes prior to flight.
 Carbon nanotube coating is applied to surfaces then
energize that coating using the plane’s on board
electrical system.
 Causes the nanotubes coating to heat up, thus
preventing ice from forming.
Deicing plane
“Aim for the moon, if you miss, you may
hit a star”