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Engineering Mechanics
ME-106
 Engineering Mechanics ME-106
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 Credit Hours
Total = 3
Theory = 2.5
Practical = 0.5

 Number of Contact hours

Total = 80
Theory = 48
Practical = 32
 Module Content
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Course Outline:
Part-I
1. Forces and Moments
2. Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies
3. Geometrical Properties of Plane areas
4. Friction
5. Virtual Work
6. Basics About Beams, Trusses & Reactions
Part-II
1. Applications of Principles of Dynamics
 Time distribution
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Topics Weeks

Introduction to Civil Engineering & Subject 1

Forces and Moments 2

Equilibrium of rigid bodies 2

Geometric properties of Plane areas 3

Beams, Reactions & trusses 2

Friction 2

Virtual work 1

Revision 1
 CLO’s (OBE System)
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a. Understand concepts of force and moment vectors with

complete grasp of knowledge on its components and
applications.

a. Understand and calculate geometric properties of areas

a. Understand the basics about beam and trusses for calculation

of reactions at the supports.

a. Understand friction, virtual work and its applications.

a. Perform experiments on forces, moments, friction and their

physical applications.
 Assessment Criteria
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Activity Number Weightage (%)

Quiz 4 10

Assignment 4 10

OHT’s 2 30

ESE 1 50

Total = 100
 Laboratory Work
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a. To verify principle of moments.

b. To carry out measurement of various objects and determination of
area and volume.
c. To verify the force polygon method for various coplanar forces
d. To find out reactions of a simply supported beam by experimental,
analytical and graphical solutions
e. To find out Young’s modulus & extension of a metallic wire
f. To verify laws of friction & to find out coefficient of friction between
various surfaces.
g. To find out tension in various parts of a hanging rope loaded at
different points.
 Recommended Books
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 R.C. Hibbeler, “Engineering Mechanics: Statics and

Dynamics”
 J.L. Meriam & L.G. Kraige, “Engineering Mechanics:
Statics and Dynamics”
 P.B. Ferdinand & E.R. Johnston, “Vector Mechanics for

Engineers : Statics”
 P. P. Benham & R. J. Crawford, “Mechanics of

Engineering Materials”
 Engineering Mechanics
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Introduction to Engineering Mechanics

 Introduction
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“Mechanics is the physical science which deals with the

effects of forces on objects”

 Main branches of mechanics are as following

Mechanics of rigid bodies

Mechanics of deformable bodies
Mechanics of Fluids
 Introduction
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 1.1 Engineering & Mechanics
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 Elementary Mechanics – the study of forces & their

effects

 Statics – the study of objects in equilibrium

 Dynamics – the study of objects in motion
 1.1 Engineering & Mechanics
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 Applications in many fields of Engineering

 Statics: Equilibrium equations
 Designing structures (Mechanical & Civil)
 Dynamics: Motion equations
 Analyze responses of buildings to earthquakes
(Civil)
 Determine trajectories of satellites (Aerospace)
 1.2 Learning Mechanics
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 Problem solving procedures

 Identify information given & information to be
determined. Restate the problem in your own
words. Understand the physical system/model
involved.
 Develop a strategy, i.e. identify the principles &
equations that apply & decide how to use them.
Draw diagrams to help visualization.
 1.2 Learning Mechanics
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 Calculators & Computers:

 To solve algebraic expression in terms of given
quantities.
 A calculator with trigonometric & logarithmic
functions is sufficient.
 Programmable calculator/computer with problem-
solving software such as MathCAD or MATLAB is
convenient.
 1.2 Learning Mechanics
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 Engineering Applications
 Describes how mechanics is applied in various fields
of engineering.
 Emphasis on 2 essential aspects of engineering:
 Design – to choose parameters values to satisfy
stated design criteria
 Safety – to evaluate the safety of devices and
choose parameter values to satisfy stated safety
requirements
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Numbers
 Engineering measurements, calculations & results
 Significant Digits – the number of meaningful (i.e.
accurate) digits in a number, counting to the right
starting with the first nonzero digit:
 E.g.
7.630 & 0.007630 (4 significant digits)
 7630, 000 = 7.630 x 106

π  3.14 (3 significan t digits)

π  3.14159 (6 significan t digits)
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Numbers
 Rounding off:
 E.g. π  3.14 (3 significan t digits)
π  3.14159 (6 significan t digits)
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Space & Time

 Space:

 3-dimensional space & locations/positions of

points in space.
 Distance between 2 points in space = length of
the straight line joining them
 SI unit of length: meter (m)
 U.S. Customary unit: foot (ft)
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Space & Time

 Time:
 Measured by the intervals between repeatable
events.
 SI unit & U.S. Customary unit of time: second (s)
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Position of a point in space relative to some

reference point changes with time:
 Rate of change of position = velocity
 SIunit: meters per second (m/s)
 U.S. Customary unit: feet per second (ft/s)
 Rate of change of velocity = acceleration
 SI unit: meters per second squared (m/s2)
 U.S. Customary unit: feet per second squared
(ft/s2)
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Newton’s 1st Law of Motion

A particle originally at rest, or moving in a straight
line with constant velocity will remain in this state
provided particle is not subjected to an
unbalanced force
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion

A particle acted upon by an unbalanced force F
experiences an acceleration a that has the same
direction as the force and a magnitude that is
directly proportional to the force.

F=m.a
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion

 The mutual forces exerted by 2 particles on each
other are equal in magnitude & opposite in
direction. The particles remains in state of
equilibrium only if exerted forces on them are
collinear.
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Force & mass are defined by the 2nd law

 Choose an arbitrary object to have a unit mass & define a
unit force to be the force that gives the unit mass an
acceleration of unit magnitude
 Apply a unit force to the mass, measure the resulting
acceleration  mass
 SIunit: kilogram (kg)
 U.S. Customary unit: slug

 US customary units: 32.1740 lb

 SI units: 14.59390 kg
 1.3 Fundamental Concepts
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 Force & mass are defined by the 2nd law:

 Apply a force to the unit mass, measure the resulting
acceleration  force
 SIunit: Newton (N)
 U.S. Customary unit: pound (lb)
 Newton's 3rd law
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 The mutual forces of action and reaction between

two particles are equal opposite and collinear
 1.4 Newtonian Gravitation
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 Gravitational force between 2

particles of mass m1 & m2 that
are separated by a distance r
(Fig. 1.4) is:

Gm1m2
F 2
1.1
r

where G = universal gravitational constant

 1.4 Newtonian Gravitation
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 Gravitational force between a particle of mass

m1 & a homogenous sphere of mass m2 is also
given by Eq. (1.1)
 1.4 Newtonian Gravitation
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 Weight of an object of mass m due to the gravitational

attraction of the earth is approximated by:
GmmE
W 1.2
r2
where mE = mass of earth,
r = distance from the center of earth to
the object
 1.4 Newtonian Gravitation
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 Weight of object at sea level (r = RE):

W  mg 1.6

 The value of g varies from location to location on the

surface of the earth.
g = 9.81 m/s2 (SI units)
 g= 32.2 ft/s²
 1.5 Units
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 International System of Units:

 Base units:
 Length: meters (m)
 Mass: kilograms (kg)
 Time: second (s)
 Derived Unit:
 Expressed in terms of base units
 E.g. Force is measured in newtons (N)

 
1 N  1 kg  1 m/s2  1 kg  m/s2
 1.5 Systems of units
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Very important for Engineers

SI (System international ) is used in Europe
FPS ( Foot pound System) is used In USA
Be careful when switching from one system
to the other
 1.5 Units
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 Prefixes:

 E.g. 1 kg = 1000 g, 1 Mg = 106 g = 1000 kg

 1.5 Units
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 U.S. Customary Units:

 Base units:
 Length: feet (ft)
 Force: pounds (lb)
 Time: second (s)
 Derived Unit:
 Mass: slug (the mass of material accelerated at 1
ft/s2 by a force of 1 lb)
 Newton’s 2nd law:

1 lb  1 slug  1 ft/s 2
1 slug  1 lb  s 2 /ft
 SYSTEM OF UNITS
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 NAME LENGTH TIME MASS FORCE

 SI m s kg N

 FPS ft s slug lb
 1 lb= 4.448 N,
 1 slug= 14.59 kg
 1ft = 0.304 m
 1.5 Units
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 Angular Units:
 Angles are normally
expressed in radians (rad)
 Defined to be the ratio of the part of
the circumference subtended by θ to
the radius
of the circle
 Angles are also expressed in degrees:

360  2π rad
 1.5 Units
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 Conversion of Units:
 Values must be expressed in terms of one system of
units before they are substituted into the equation
 1.5 Units
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 E.g. to express 1 mi/h in terms of ft/s:


1 mi/h  1 mi/h  
5280 ft   1 h 
   1.47 ft/s
 1 mi   3600 s 
 1.5 Units
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Convert
(a) 60 miles/h to ft/sec
(b) 100 lb.ft/s2 to kg.m/s2
3 3
(c) 20 slug/ft to kg/m