DIFFERENTIATION RULES

Derivatives of
Trigonometric Functions

In this section, we will learn about:

Derivatives of trigonometric functions
Fundamental Identities

• Reciprocal Identities:
1 1 1
csc q = sec q = cot q =
sin q cos q tan q

Quotient Identities:
sin q cos q
tan q = cot q =
cos q sin q
Fundamental Identities

• Pythagorean Identities:

sin q + cos q = 1
2 2

tan q + 1 = sec q
2 2

cot q + 1 = csc q
2 2
 Even and Odd Properties

sin( -q ) = - sin q cos( -q ) = cos q tan( -q ) = - tan q

csc(-q ) = - csc q sec(-q ) = sec q cot( -q ) = - cot q
DIFFERENTIATION RULES

In particular, it is important to remember that,

when we talk about the function f defined for
all real numbers x by f(x) = sin x, it is
understood that sin x means the sine of
the angle whose radian measure is x.
DIFFERENTIATION RULES

A similar convention holds for

the other trigonometric functions
cos, tan, csc, sec, and cot.
 Recall that all the trigonometric functions are continuous
at every number in their domains.
DERIVS. OF TRIG. FUNCTIONS
We have collected all the differentiation
formulas for trigonometric functions here.
 Remember, they are valid only when x is measured
in radians.

d d
(sin x) = cos x (csc x) = - csc x cot x
dx dx
d d
(cos x) = - sin x (sec x) = sec x tan x
dx dx
d d
(tan x) = sec x
2
(cot x) = - csc x
2

dx dx
DERIVS. OF TRIG. FUNCTIONS Example 1

Differentiate y = x2 sin x.

 Using the Product Rule and Formula 4,

we have: dy d d
= x2 (sin x) + sin x ( x2 )
dx dx dx
= x cos x + 2 x sin x
2
DERIVS. OF TRIG. FUNCTIONS Example 2
Differentiate f ( x ) = sec x
1 + tan x
d d
(1 + tan x) (sec x ) - sec x (1 + tan x)
f '( x ) = dx dx
(1 + tan x) 2
(1 + tan x) sec x tan x - sec x �
sec 2 x
=
(1 + tan x) 2
sec x(tan x + tan 2 x - sec 2 x )
=
(1 + tan x) 2
sec x(tan x - 1)
=
(1 + tan x) 2
DERIVS. OF TRIG. FUNCTIONS Example 3
Differentiate f(x) = 2 sin x + 3 cos x – x3
f’(x) = 2 cos x – 3 sin x – 3x2
f”(x) = -2 sin x – 3 cos x – 6x
DERIVS. OF TRIG. FUNCTIONS Example 4
Differentiate f(x) = tan x sec x
f’(x) = tan x Dx (sec x) + sec x Dx (tan x)
= tan x (sec x tan x) + sec x (sec2 x)
= sec x tan2x + sec3x
DERIVS. OF TRIG. FUNCTIONS Example 5
Differentiate
DERIVS. OF TRIG. FUNCTIONS Example 6
Differentiate
DERIVS. OF TRIG. FUNCTIONS
Exercises: Find the derivatives of the
following trigonometric functions:
1.f(x) = cos y cot y
2.f(x) = (sin x)/( 1 – 2cos x)
3.f(x) = (x - sinx) (x + cos x)
4.f(z) = (2 cos z)/(z+1)
5.f(y) = (tan y +1)/(tan y - 1)
6.f(z) = (z2 + cos z)/(2z – sin z)