INTRODUCTION TO

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
INTRODUCTION TO ALGORITHMS AND
FLOWCHARTS (CONTINUED)
EXPRESSING ALGORITHMS

• Natural Languages
• Pseudocode
• Flowcharts
• Programming Languages
NATURAL LANGUAGE ALGORITHM
Cilbir
• 6 eggs
• ½ kg yogurt
• 3 large garlic cloves
• 4 Tbs fresh butter
• 1 tsp red pepper, coarsely ground
• 2 middle-sized onions cut horizontally
• plenty water

• Boil water in a fairly big pot. Break one by one the eggs and pour them in a plate, being
careful not to break the yolk. To ensure a homogenous cooking, let them “glide” from
the plate into the boiling water. Within three minutes the eggs are ready but if you
prefer hard-boiled, allow them to cook for another minute or so.
• Meanwhile brown the butter in a skillet and add the garlic and onion. In the last possible
moment add the coarsely ground red pepper and turn off the fire. Remove the eggs
from the pot using a skimmer and place them in a deep plate.
• Cover the eggs with plenty of yogurt and pour the hot butter over them. Serve
immediately.

From www.gourmet.gr
 PSEUDOCODE ALGORITHM EXAMPLE

Set moveCount to 1
FOR each row on the board
FOR each column on the board
IF gameBoard position (row, column) is occupied THEN
CALL findAdjacentTiles with row, column
INCREMENT moveCount
END IF
END FOR
END FOR
ALGORITHM EXAMPLE

Set number counter to zero

Set sum to zero
While (number counter < 10)
{
input a number
Sum = Sum + Number
increment number counter by 1
}
Calculate average = sum / 10
LABWORK 1

• Write an algorithm to calculate the area of circle

LABWORK 1

Input radius
Set pi = 3.14
Calculate area = pi * radius * radius
LABWORK 2

• Write an algorithm to calculate the sum of multiples of 3 up to 100

LABWORK 2

Set number counter to zero

Set sum to zero
While (number counter < 100)
{
Sum = Sum + Number counter
increment number counter by 3
}
FLOWCHARTS

• Flowcharts are schematic representations of

processes
• Generally the start point, end points, inputs, outputs,
possible paths and the decisions that lead to these
possible paths are included
• Flow-charts can be created by hand or manually in
most office software, but lately specialized diagram
drawing software has emerged that can also be used
for the purpose
FLOWCHART SYMBOLS (MOSTLY
USED)
• Start / End symbol

• Arrows

• Processing steps

• Input/Output

• Conditional (Decision)
FLOWCHART SYMBOLS (OTHERS)

• Document

• Magnetic Tape

• Display

• Manual Input
FLOWCHART EXAMPLE

From wikipedia.org
FLOWCHART EXAMPLE

From smartdraw.com
FLOWCHART EXAMPLE

Read NAME, BALANCE, RATE

Compute INTEREST as BALANCE x RATE
Write (Display) NAME and INTEREST
FLOWCHART EXAMPLE

From wikipedia.org
FLOWCHART EXAMPLE
START

Input N
Sum =0
C=0
Input number
Sum = Sum + number
C=C+1

No C = N?
Yes
A = Sum / N

Print A

END
LABWORK 3

• Draw a flowchart to find the sum of first 50 counting numbers

LABWORK 3
LABWORK 4

• Draw a flowchart to find the largest of three numbers A,B, and C.

LABWORK 5

• Draw a flowchart to find the product of two numbers using only addition
operation
LABWORK 5
LABWORK 6

• Draw a flowchart to find the division of two integer numbers using only
subtraction operation. Find the division and remainder.
LABWORK 6
SUMMARY

• Problem Solving Process

• Algorithms
• Components of Algorithms
• Flowcharts