Exponents

and the laws of exponent

 Let’s
play!!!
 INSTRUCTION
 By group, choose your secretary
 Solve the following problem
as fast as you can
 After solving, write your final
answer on the board
 0
3
 2 3
2𝑥 3𝑥
2𝑥 ²
2
 3
4𝑥
2𝑥 2
 2
3𝑦
5𝑥
 −3 2
5𝑥 𝑦
Type equation here.
 −3 2
5𝑥 15𝑦
Exponents
and the laws of exponent
EXPONENT
An exponent shows how many times a
number is a factor
For any real number base x, we define
powers of x: x⁰ = 1, x¹ = x, x² = x · x, x³
= x · x · x, etc. (The exception is 0⁰,
which is considered indeterminate.)
Powers are also called exponents.
 EXPONENT
 Also, we can define fractional exponents in
terms of roots:
ex.
1/2
x = √x - the square root of x.
1/3

Similarly, x = 𝑥3
- the cube root of x
x = 3𝑥 ²
2/3
Examples:
1/2
64 = 64 = 8
3/2 3
 64 = 64 = 8³ = 512
2

 64 2/3 = 3
64 ² = 4² = 16
EXPONENT
Finally,
we can define negative
exponents:
−𝑦
ex. 𝑥 =
1
𝑥𝑦

−1/2 1 1
𝑥 = =
𝑥 1/2 𝑥
Examples:
1
 10 −1
= = 0.1
101
1 1
 −2
7 = =
72 49
1 1
 36 −1/2 = =
36 6
 QUIZ!!
1. 8 2/3
4. 25−3/2

2. 165/4
5. 81−3/4

3/2 −1/2
3. 9 6. 16