FICTION…

In this type of work, the author may make up the entire story.

Authors can also choose to include factual information in a

made-up story.

The author can have wizards creating magic spells or it can be

about a teen who has a secret crush or a person lost in the
wilderness. The subjects are limitless!
THERE ARE MANY
DIFFERENT TYPES OF
FICTION. . .
DIFFERENT
TYPES OF
FICTION HISTORICAL FICTION
REALISTIC FICTION
SCIENCE FICTION
MYSTERY
FANTASY
FAIRY TALES
FABLES
MYTHS
 HISTORICAL FICTION
•The story takes the reader back to a particular time
period where they learn about the everyday life of a
person.
•The character may interact with actual historical
characters, but usually, the main character is not based on
a real person.
 REALISTIC FICTION

•The story usually presents a problem to be

examined that could be from anybody’s life.
•These stories may cover such topics as family
situations, peer relationships, and cultural
differences.
 SCIENCE FICTION
•This is a type of modern fantasy. It explores
scientific fact and can pose ethical questions about
current scientific trends and predictions.
•The author focuses on the adventure of exploring
the unknown and the wonder of discovering new
worlds and people.
 MYSTERY
•There are different types of mystery stories, but
usually a crime has been committed and the reader
wants to try to figure out “whodunit”.
•There is usually a great deal of suspense and
intrigue.
 FANTASY
•In this type of story, the author has created a
magical world where anything is possible.

•There are many types of fantasy -- from fables to

fairy tales. Stories may include magical beings,
talking animals, or gods and goddesses.
 FAIRY TALES
•We often know we are reading or hearing a fairy tale with the words,
“once upon a time . . .”

•Fairy tales often feature a fight between good and evil. Evil always
loses to a triumphant hero or heroine.

•We also know it’s a fairy tale because most end with “and
they lived happily ever after.”
 FABLES
•These stories usually have a moral (lesson)
that is being taught.

•The story often uses animals that speak

and act like humans.
 MYTHS
•A story or group of stories that form part of the
traditional knowledge of a society.

•Myths often use imaginative plots and characters to

explain how the world began and why nature and
people behave the way they do.
WHAT GENRE?
Science Fiction, Fable, Mystery, Fairy Tale, Myth, Fantasy, Historical Fiction,
Realistic Fiction

•The Tortoise And •Sleeping Beauty

The Hare •39 Clues: The Maze Of
•Hercules
Bones
•Harry Potter
•The Hunger Games
•The Midnight Ride Of
•Frindle Paul Revere
 ELEMENTS
CHARACTER
POINT OF VIEW
PLOT
SETTING AND ATMOSPHERE
CONFLICT
IRONY
THEME
TECHNIQUES AND LITERARY DEVICES
 1. CHARACTER

Can be defined as any person,

animal, or figure represented in a
literary work.
2 MAJOR TYPES OF CHARACTER

•PROTAGONIST
•ANTAGONIST
 PROTAGONIST

Main character or hero.

 ANTAGONIST
The opposing force that brings
conflict and is instrumental in the
development of theprotagonist, or
main character.
 STATIC CHARACTER
A character that doesn’t
change or grow over the
course of a story
 DYNAMIC CHARACTER
A character that changes as a
result of conflicts and events
in the story
 FLAT CHARACTER
A character that is one-dimensional or even
stereotypical- the bully, the evil step mother, the
mad scientist
Usually minor characters and reveal one or two
traits.
 ROUND CHARACTER
A character that is multi-dimentional
Extremely realistic, behaving and speaking in a "real life"
manner.
Are complex and undergo development, sometimes
sufficiently to surprise the reader.
 2. POINT OF VIEW
Mode of narration that an author
employs to let the readers “hear” and
“see” what takes place in a story,
poem, or essay.
 2. POINT OF VIEW
The type of narration in the story.
He perspective from which the story is told

“Who is telling the story, or who is

narrating it”
 3. PLOT
Literary element that describes
the structure of a story.
Shows the arrangement of the
events and actions in the story.
 SETTINGS

Is both the time and geographic

location within a narrative,
either nonfiction or fiction.
 SETTINGS

Location and time period where a

story takes place.
 ATMOSPHERE

The emotional feelings that a short

story gives a reader.
It is the mood of the story.
SETTING AND ATMOSPHERE

are often essential

elements in making the
story meaningful.
TECHNIQUES TO DEVELOP SETTING
Time or Historical Period
Geographic location
Local Colors
Atmosphere
Specific Physical Features
Time or Historical Period

Past
Present
Future
 Geographic location
Where is the story going to take place?
Real setting
Or
Fictional setting
 Local Colors
Use of details about the customs and
ways of life in a specific geographical
region(clothing, manners, traditions,
etc.)
 Atmosphere
Feelings associated with the settings.
Gloomy
Scary
Tense
Anxious
 Atmosphere
Can also be temperature or weather condition.
Fog
Rain
Sun
 SPECIFIC PHYSICAL FEATURE

Tells what, exactly is on the

setting.
 5. CONFLICT
Any struggle between
opposing forces.
TWO TYPES OF CONFLICT:

INTERNAL CONFLICT
EXTERNAL CONFLICT
 INTERNAL CONFLICT
“Struggle occurring within character’s mind.”

PERSON VS. SELF

 Inner conflict
*Fear and self doubt;
*self destructiveness.
 EXTERNAL CONFLICT
A problem, antagonism, or struggle that
takes place between a character and an
outside force.
 EXTERNAL CONFLICT
•PERSON VS. PERSON
•PERSON VS. NATURE
•PERSON VS. SOCIETY
•PERSON VS.TECHNOLOGY
•PERSON VS. SUPERNATURAL
 PERSON VS. PERSON

Friction between friends and lovers

or protagonist and antagonists.
 PERSON VS. NATURE

Conflict between characters

and environment
 PERSON VS. SOCIETY

Struggles between individuals

and social codes in their world.
PERSON VS. TECHNOLOGY

Conflict between characters and

the results of scientific discovery.
PERSON VS. SUPERNATURAL

Conflict between characters and

paranormal/other worldly events.