GLOBAL FIRM

L3 Sciences du Management
L3 Sciences Commerciales
L3 Economie de la Firme
PART 1 -
GLOBALIZATION
1. Conceptualization,
origins, and history
 CYCLES
1.1. Origins
and history of
the concept
 EPOCHS
Six great waves of globalization

WARS
POST-WORLD POST-COLD
RELIGIONS COLONIALISM 18th and 19th IMPERIALISM
WAR II WAR

1.1. Origins CENTURIES

and history of
the concept
1.1. Origins and
history of the concept

SPECIFIC EVENTS

The Reception Of The Ambassadors

In Damascus - Anonymous Venetian
Orientalist Painting (1511)
 Broader, more recent changes
1.1. Origins The US as THE global power
and history of multinational corporations (MNCs)
the concept the end of the Cold War
1.1. Origins and 1990s: a newly interconnected life
history of the
concept
“the most important change in human
history” (Bauman, 2003)
 Simplistic and critical representation at first

 Capitalism and Western values

1.2.
Conceptualization
 ’Americanization’
 Current debates

The power status of the US after Trump’s

election
1.2.
Conceptualization the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and
South Africa)

The ‘West’ versus ‘the rest’?

 DEFINITIONS
1.2.
Conceptualization • geographic-dynamic
• flows
• nexus = GLOCALIZATION
2. The four dimensions
of globalization
 Similarities between the two periods of
globalization 1896-1914 and after WWII:

 TRANSPORTATION
railroad / steamship airplanes
2.1. The global
 COMMUNICATION
economy
telegraph the internet

 LARGE-SCALE FLOWS OF CAPITAL

 SPECIALIZATION

 FREE TRADE
 The two periods of globalization: Similar
problems
2.1. The global poor nations
economy no equal gains
losers in the economic competition
 Transformations centered on the market :
2.1. The global
economy The 21st century’s global economic order:
2.2 Before and
after Bretton
Woods

The Bretton
Woods system
 1950-73
2.2 Before and  World merchandise exports rising by more than 8 %

after Bretton Oil price shocks (1974 and 1979)

Woods  Negative growth of worldwide trade at -5.4 % (1974)
and -7.3 % (1975)
1991
 Worldwide merchandise exports remained stable at an
Worldwide annual growth rate of around 4 %
trade figures 2000-07 period
 Average expansion of world merchandise exports : 6 %
2.2 Before and
after Bretton TRADE EXPANSION
Woods First wave of globalization: 1850 to 1913
 3.4 % (1870-1913)
Second wave of globalization: 1950-2007
 6.2 %
2008 WTO
Report
2.2 Before and
after Bretton  End of WWII
Woods  World Bank
 International Monetary Fund (IMF)
 International Trade Organisation (ITO)
 In the early 1990s
The Bretton  World Trade Organisation (WTO)
Woods
Institutions
 SIGNIFICANT INSTITUTIONAL PLAYERS
3. The political  Governments
dimension of  Multinational corporations (MNCs)
globalization  Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)
 Think tanks
 International financial institutions
3. The political
dimension of
Organizing principles
globalization
Shift of the centers of gravity
Global
institutional Impact of ICT revolution
players
GOVERNMENTS: sovereignty and policy choices?
3. The political
dimension of
globalization

Private firms and strategic alliances

3. The political
dimension of
globalization

Public-private
partnerships
3. The political Reasons for the Growth of Think Tanks in the
Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries (James Mc Gann)
dimension of  ICT revolution
globalization  End of national governments’ monopoly on information
 Complexity of policy problems
 Increasing size of government
 Crisis of confidence in elected officials
 Growth of state and non-state actors
Think tanks  Need for timely and concise information and analysis
3. The political
dimension of
globalization

Think tanks
 Number of TV households worldwide in August 2012 by region (in millions)

4. The cultural
dimension of
globalization

Source: statista.com
 Number of TV households worldwide from 2010 to 2021 (in billions)

4. The cultural
dimension of
globalization

Source: statista.com
4. The cultural dimension of globalization
4. The cultural
dimension of
globalization
4. The cultural
dimension of
globalization
SOURCE: http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm
  Technological divide between developed and
4. The cultural developing nations
dimension of  Western political and economic ideas adapted
globalization by non-Western cultures
 Modernization rather than Westernization
4. The cultural • Education transforms lives
dimension of • Fostering Freedom of Expression
globalization • Protecting Our Heritage and Fostering Creativity
• Learning to Live Together
• Building Knowledge Societies
• One Planet, One Ocean
• Science for a Sustainable Future
4. The cultural  In 2017, Disney ‘s
brand value > 34
dimension of billion U.S. dollars
globalization
 Ranked 3rd most
reputable company in
HIGHLIGHT the world
The Walt
Disney  2016 revenue > 55
Company billion U.S. dollars
 5 MAJOR DIVISIONS
- Studio Entertainment - Consumer Products

4. The cultural - Parks and Resorts - Interactive

- Media Networks
dimension of
globalization THE WALT DISNEY COMPANY REVENUE BREAKDOWN

HIGHLIGHT
The Walt
Disney
Company
4. The cultural
dimension of
globalization

HIGHLIGHT
The Walt
Disney
Company
 The Walt Disney Company Acquisitions / Subsidiaries
Shanghai International Theme Park Associated

4. The cultural ABC Cable Networks

Buena Vista International
dimension of Disney/ABC International Television
globalization ESPN, Inc.
Euro Disney S.A.S.
Lucasfilm Ltd.
Marvel Entertainment
HIGHLIGHT Hong Kong Disneyland Management
The Walt Lucasfilm Entertainment Company
Disney Marvel Characters

Company Shanghai International Theme Park Company Limited

Pixar
Twenty-First Century Fox

And many more…