Directional Over current relay working principle.

Directional phase protection equipment is used on a radial network

for substations supplied simultaneously by several sources.

In order to obtain good continuity of service, it is important that a

fault affecting one of the sources does not cause all the sources to
trip.

The required selectivity is achieved by installing phase directional

protection equipment on the incomer of each of the sources.

A phase element connected Ia Vbc

B phase element connected Ib Vca
C phase element connected Ic Vab
 Directional Over current relay working principle
Directional overcurrent
This type of directional relay is made by combining
overcurrent protection equipment with an equipment
to measure the phase displacement between the
current and the polarisation variable Vbc.

Tripping is subject to the two following conditions:

- the current is greater than the threshold &
- the phase displacement between the current and the
polarising Volage Vbc, defined by the
characteristic angle, is in the zone between +90° and -
90°.