Technological transformation from diesel tube-

well to solar tube-well and its modeling for

Punjab up to 2050 .
INTRODUCTION
 Pakistan is an agricultural dependent country.
 Its 42% population link directly or indirectly with
agriculture .
 Only Punjab province has 61% of agriculture land
in which 9% cultivate with well- irrigated .
 it is estimated that in punjab, there are 1.04
million numbers of tubewells.
 Major share of tubewells operated with diesel
engine.
 Pakistan agriculture sector use 0.013 MTOE of
diesel oil which not only depleting world wide but
also pollute our environment .
 it is calculated that burning of one liter of diesel
produced 2.4 kg of CO2.
Cont.
 Overall agriculture sector emits 82 million ton of
carbon foot prints .
 Apart from pollution, diesel fuel is expensive
source for cultivation.
 All above issue draw question mark on sustainable
future for tubewell operated agriculture .
Problem Statement

 Our study aims to introduce alternatives for

conventional technology, and replace diesel tubewell
with solar operated tubewell.

 With the use of our proposed alternative we are

expecting to reduce dependence on diesel fuel , reduce
emission and cost for Punjab tubewell irrigated
agriculture.
Objective:
 To reduce environmental pollution
 To reduce operation cost
 To reduce dependent on non-renewable energy source
Methodology
Literature Review

Modeling Structure

Analysis (on leap)

Environmental
Technology Analysis Economic analysis Energy Analysis
Analysis

Results and
Discussion

Conclusion
 Study plan:
We have selected three sites for experimentation;
1: Kharian 2: Sargodha 3: Mandi Bahauddin

With the help of Long range energy alternative planning (LEAP), we will study for
assessment of Energy, Cost and Emission.

Scenario Objective Target Parameters

year to check
Business as usual (BAU)  Diesel 93% 2020
 Solar 7%
1. Energy
Short term scenario (STS)  Diesel 70% 2030
2. Emission
 Solar 30%
(CO2)
Medium term scenario (MTS)  Diesel 50% 2040 3. Cost
 Solar 50%
Long term scenario(LTS)  Diesel 0% 2050
 Solar 100%
Literature Review

 Photovoltaic water pumping technology is considered as a sustainable and

economical solution to pro-vide water for irrigation, which can halt grassland
degradation and promote farmland conservation in China. The appropriate design
and operation significantly depend on the available solar irradiation, crop water
demand, water resources and the corresponding benefit from the crop sale. In this
work, a novel optimization procedure is proposed, which takes into consideration
not only the availability of ground-water resources and the effect of water supply
on crop yield, but also the investment cost of photovoltaic water pumping system
and the revenue from crop sale.
 Pakistan has undoubtedly large potential for harnessing solar energy. Due to higher
costs involved, the solar photovoltaic option is only suitable for the areas far o
from the grid. However, the country as a whole can adapt solar thermal
technologies such as solar water heaters and solar cookers, which will allow con-
siderable savings in fossil fuels consumption, and in turn will help in improving the
living standards of Pakistani people and environment quality
Cont.

 A comparison of the economic viability of photovoltaic and diesel water

pumping systems is presented for system sizes in the range 2.8 kWp to 15 kWp.
Actual performance data from installed systems are employed for the base
case. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to generalize results for other
locations and conditions. The effect of system oversizing due to mismatch of
water supply and demand patterns on the economic viability of PV water
pumping system is illustrated based on real data and three-year operational
experience of eight installations
 We must develop alternative energy sources in order to control the energy
crisis. The importance of energy supply and demand is significant not only for
the economic prosperity but also for the current and future generations. Our
survey calculated and found solar energy better than wind energy in major
cities of Pakistan.
Solar power
Solar power is the conversion of
energy from sunlight into electricity, either directly
using photovoltaics (PV), indirectly
using concentrated solar power, or a combination.
Concentrated solar power systems
use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a
large area of sunlight into a small beam. Photovoltaic
cells convert light into an electric current using
the photovoltaic effect.
Cont.
The international egency projected in 2014 that under
its "high renewables" scenario, by 2050, solar
photovoltaics and concentrated solar power would
contribute about 16 and 11 percent, respectively, of
the worldwide electricity consumption , and solar
would be the world's largest source of electricity.
Most solar installations would be
in China and India. In 2017, solar power provided
1.7% of total worldwide electricity production,
growing at 35% per annum. As of 2018, the
unsubsidized liveliest for utility scale solar power is
around $43/MWh
Result utilization:
Result of this study will be utilized in
following:

 Energy sector
 Environmental sector
 Agriculture sector
 Government policies
Timeline of Project

Sr .No Tasks 1 To 4 5 To 7 8 To 13 14 To 16
weeks weeks weeks weeks
1 Literature
review
2 Modeling
3 Analysis
4 Thesis
write up
References

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Cont .

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