Geneva Presentation

PREPAREDNESS IN PAKISTAN
POST 2005 EARTHQUAKE
LT GEN (R) FAROOQ AHMAD KHAN,

CHAIRMAN, NDMA
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 11

PAKISTAN’S HAZARDS
VULNERABILITIES

DROUGHT OIL SPILLS
FLOODS FOREST FIRES

TSUNAMIS TRANSPORTATION
ACCIDENTS
CHEMICAL ACCIDENTS INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

LAND SLIDES

EARTHQUAKE

1935 1905
1803
1833 1934 1897 1950
1945 1819
2001
1737
1881 1941
EARTHQUAKES OF GREATER THAN M=7.5

OCCURRED IN THE REGION
EARTHQUAKE IN PAKISTAN – 1892
6.8 MAGNITUDE
Chaman: Balochistan

EARTHQUAKE KANGRA 1905
7.8 MAGNITUDE
Himachal Pradesh 19,727
Town Hall Lahore
Before After

10
EARTHQUAKE IN QUETTA – 1935
7.7 MAGNITUDE
Railway Station 35,000 deaths
Lytton Road 35,000 deaths

11
12
SEISMIC ZONES OF PAKISTAN
EARTHQUAKE/ SEISMIC

13
TSUNAMIS

14
TSUNAMI - 1945
(MAKRAN COAST)
PASNI
21 Nov
21: 56 UTC
Pasni Karachi 8.3

Wave Height 40 ft
Casualties 4000

15
EARTHQUAKE 2005

16
TOTAL POPULATION : 3.5 M
Gilgit
Kalam 7.6
FAULT LINE 100

KM LONG Pattan
Mingora
Batgram Kaghan
•HUMAN LOSS - Balakot 73,338

GHB
Mzd
Mardan Mansehra
•INJUREDPeshawar Abbotabad - 1,28,309

Bagh
Arja
•FAMILIES AFFECTED- Isd

Rwp
500,000
Rwkt
AREA AFFECTED-30,000 SQ KM
17
DAMAGES DUE TO EARTHQUAKE
CATEGORY DESTROYED/ TOTAL

DAMAGED
HOUSES 6,00,152 7,87,583
EDUCATIONAL 7,669 1,1456
INSTITUTES 18,095 STUDENTS DEAD
HEALTH 574 782
INSTITUTES
ROADS 4,429 KMs 1,1963 KMs
(37.02 %)
 MOST OF THE UTILITIES LIKE TELECOM, WATER SUPPLY &

ELECTRICITY WERE OUT OF ORDER
 200 MILLION TONS DEBRIS TO BE MANAGED

18
PRE - EARTHQUAKE - 05
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
 THE RELIEF COMMISSIONERATE SYSTEM IN TERMS OF THE
CALAMITY ACT OF 1958 MEANT FOR PROVIDING RELIEF
ASSISTANCE UNDER THE OLD ARRANGEMENT
 UNDER THE 1973 RULES OF BUSINESS, THE SUBJECT OF
DISASTER RELIEF WAS ASSIGNED TO THE ERC OF THE CABINET
DIVISION
 CRISIS MANAGEMENT CELL OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERIOR WAS
CHARGED WITH THE RESPONSIBILITY OF COORDINATION OF
EMERGENCIES
 THE CIVIL DEFENCE ORGANISATION WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR
MAINTAINING NORMAL LIFE ACTIVITIES/ ITS RESTORATION
WITHOUT DELAY, IF DISTURBED DUE TO ENEMY ACTION OR
NATURAL CALAMITIES
The focus of the above institutional arrangements

remained primarily on post disaster response
19
EARTHQUAKE – 2005
AND FORMATION OF FEDERAL RELIEF
COMMISSION (FRC)
MANDATE. “THE “FEDERAL RELIEF COMMISSION” SHALL
CO-ORDINATE AND MONITOR THE RELIEF EFFORTS. HE
SHALL REPORT DIRECTLY TO THE PRIME MINISTER. ALL
AGENCIES CONCERNED WITH THE RELIEF AND
REHABILITATION EFFORTS, INCLUDING CABINET, HEALTH,
INTERIOR, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, COMMUNICATION AND
INFORMATION DIVISIONS SHALL FUNCTION THROUGH HIM
AND FORM A PART OF THE TEAM. ARMED FORCES SHALL
ALSO BE A PART OF THE TEAM”

20
DISASTER MANAGEMENT SPECTRUM
• PSYCHO, PHYSICAL TRAUMA
• MULTI-LATERAL
• SOCIO- ECONOMIC FALL OUTS
DIMENSIONS
• DISPLACED PEOPLE RECONST
• ALL SPHERE OF LIFE
• IMPLICATIONS OF
• INSTITUTIONS
DEVASTATION AND
• INFRASTRUCTURE
DESTRUCTION
• SOCIETY, FACILITIES
• EVACUATIONS
• DAMAGE CONTROL
• HEALTH, FOOD, SHELTER
CONSEQUENCE
RESPONSE REC & REHAB
MGMT, RESCUE & MECHANISM
REL •RELIEF LOGISTICS
•RESTORATIONS
•SOCIAL/CIVIC ORDER
•REVIVAL OF SYSTEMS
•BUILDING CAPACITIES
PREP & MITIGATION

• INSTITUTION AND LEGAL ARRANGEMENTS
• HAZARD AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
• TRAINING, EDUCATION AND AWARENESS
• MULTIHAZARD EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
• EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad • CAPACTIY DEVELOPMENT 21
21
COORDINATION MECHANISM
FEDERAL RELIEF COMMISSIONER
STRATEGIC
MILITARY CIVILIAN
COMPONENT
LEADERS COMPONENT
GROUP
ARMY PAF UN/US/NATO MINISTRIES
FMNS LOG AVN MED INTL ORGs/NGOs GOVT DEPTS

WB/ IDB/
ISPR ENGRS PROVINCES
ADB /IMF
PUBLIC/VOLUNTEERS FOREIGN SP PIA, RAILWAYS, NLC,

WAPDA, UTILITY STORES,
EXPATRIATES PTCL, SCO, ERC, NCMC
PHILANTHROPIST

22
DOMESTIC
FOREIGN IOs/NGOs
SOURCES
National
COUNTRIES
Response -
BY AIR/RD/TRAIN
Concept
Base Base
Base
FWD BASES
BY AIR/HEL/ROAD
DISTRIBUTION POINTS HELs, ANIMAL

TRANSPORT
NODES NODES NODES NODES NODES NODES NODES MAN PACK ,
LIGHT VEHICLES
•FORWARD TO REAR ------ HIGHER TO LOWER
•HUTMENTS, HAMLETS, HOUSES LEVEL OP
23
RESCUE, RELIEF & RECOVERY
CLUSTER APPROACH
HEALTH -- WHO
HEALTH
SHELTER -- IOM
FOOD
LOGISTICS -- WFP
EARLY RECOVERY -- UNDP LOGISTICS

CAMP MANAGEMENT - UNHCR
EDUCATION
WATER, SANITATION- UNICEF
SAFETY, SECURITY -UNDSS PROTECTION
FOOD/NUTRITION
WFP, UNICEF SHELTERS
CAMP MANAGEMENT
PROTECTION, EDUCATION
UNICEF
INFO, TELECOMM INFRASTRUCTURE

WFP, UNICEF
LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005

 MOVE BEYOND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS AND EGOS
 CREATE INTER AGENCIES & MULTI-ORGANIZATIONAL
LIAISON MECHANISM
 DE-CONFLICTING CONSTITUTIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL
DOMAINS AND SPHERES
 HARMONIZE POLICIES AND RULES OF OFFICIAL BUSINESS
 ONE ROOF/ONE WINDOW OPERATION AT STRAT /
OPERATIONAL LEVELS

NEED FOR A PERMANENT
LEAN FOCUSED
STRUCTURE APPROACH
FLEXIBLE CAPACITIES
DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION
 CREATE STRONG LINK BETWEEN MEDIA,
AFFECTEES AND THE WORLD COMMUNITY
 THEIR JOB BE FACILITATED BY SHARING
DATA AND INGRAINING THEM INTO THE
RELIEF ORGANIZATION

QUICK & SMOOTH RESPONSE

 HAVE SOPs
 ESTABLISH COORDINATION CENTERS
 SHARE INFORMATION
 USE COMMON DATABASE
 TRAIN SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAMS
(REDUCING TIME OF EXECUTION CAN REDUCE THE COST OF

MANAGING A CATASTROPHE)

 CAPACITY BUILDING IN S&R.

CAPACITY BUILDING THROUGH
EXPERTISE, EQUIPMENT & TRAINING
FOR SEARCH, RESCUE AND DEBRIS
REMOVAL TASKS
 PROMPT DECISION MAKING.

SMOOTH FIELD OPERATIONS NEED
CONTINUOUS ANALYSIS OF
IMPEDIMENTS AND PROMPT DECISION
MAKING TO ADJUST MICRO
STRATEGIES
DEPENDENCY SYNDROME
 UPLIFT COMMUNITIES FROM
CYCLE OF DEPENDENCY INTO
SELF-RELIANCE
 REGENERATION OF SOCIAL
AND CULTURAL COHESION

WIDE RANGING DISASTER MANAGEMENT
STRATEGY
 LIKELY SCENARIOS
 DELINEATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES
 CAPACITY BUILDING GUIDELINES
COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT. TO MAKE RELIEF

PROCESS SELF-SUSTAINING LOCAL COMMUNITIES,
NOTABLES, POLITICAL LEADERS AND LOCAL GOVT
REPRESENTATIVES BE DOVETAILED

POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND

NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ORDINANCE

2006/7
 PROMULGATED IN DEC 2006
 CALLS FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF DM ENTITIES AT

FEDERAL, PROVINCIAL AND DISTRICT LEVELS
 NDMC HEADED BY THE PM (POLICY MAKING BODY) AND

NDMA AS EXECUTIVE ARM
 NDMA RESPONSIBLE TO MANAGE COMPLETE SPECTRUM

OF DM AT NATIONAL LEVEL
 FOR DM, ALL AGENCIES - FOREIGN OR DOMESTIC - SHALL

WORK THROUGH NDMA
DIFFERENT TIERS OF THE SYSTEM
National Disaster Management Commission (NDMC)
National Disaster Provincial/ Regional

Management Authority (NDMA) Disaster Management Commission (PDMCs)
Federal Ministries,
Departments, Technical Agencies Provincial/ Regional
Disaster Management Authorities (PDMAs)
Media, Banks, Insurance &

Private sector
District/ Municipal
Disaster Management Authorities (DDMAs)
Donors, UN, NGOs, Media
Tehsil Structures

35
 NDMC
 MEMBERS: PRIME MINISTER, OPPOSITION LEADER, PROVINCIAL

CHIEF MINISTERS AND CIVIL SOCIETY REPRESENTATIVES
 FUNCTIONS
LAYS DOWN POLICIES AT NATIONAL LEVEL

APPROVES NATIONAL DM FRAMEWORK AND PLAN
ENSURE INTEGRATED NATIONAL RESPONSE
 NDMA (EXECUTIVE ARM OF NDMC)
 SECRETARIAT TO NDMC
 MANAGES COMPLETE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT NATIONAL LEVEL
 MAP ALL HAZARDS IN THE COUNTRY
 ORGANIZE TRAINING AND AWARENESS RAISING ACTIVITIES
 ACT AS GOP’s FOCAL POINT FOR DEALING WITH NATIONAL AND
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY
36
NDMA
ORGANOGRAM
Chairman
SO
Recovery &
Dir Ops/ Aviation Dir HR & Dir Finance & Ops Co-opted Rehabilitation/
Coord Prep Wing Procurement Accounts Wing Members Re-const
Wing
SUMMARY Military Ops

Wing Centre
•Officers - 26
•Supporting Staff - 85
Total - 111 Avn Med Log Engrs Ops

37
PDMC
 MEMBERS. CHIEF MINISTER, LEADER OF OPPOSITION & A
NOMINEE OF THE LEADER OF OPPOSITION
 FUNCTIONS. SAME FUNCTIONS AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL AS

OF NDMC AT NATIONAL LEVEL
PDMA
 SECRETARIAT OF PDMC
 DEALS WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT PROVINCIAL

LEVEL
 PERFORMS SAME FUNCTIONS AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL AS OF

NDMA AT NATIONAL LEVEL
DDMA
 ACTS AS FIRST RESPONDER
 DEALS WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT DISTRICT

LEVEL
 IMPLEMENT NATIONAL / PROVINCIAL POLICIES AND

STRATEGIES AT DISTRICT LEVEL
 MOBILIZES RESOURCES AT DISTRICT LEVEL
 GIVE DIRECTIONS/GUIDELINES TO DISTRICT DEPARTMENTS

/ ORGANIZATIONS FOR PREVENTION AND MITIGATION OF
DISASTERS

NATIONAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
FRAMEWORK
NINE PRIORITY AREAS IDENTIFIED
 ESTABLISH AND STRENGTHEN (INSTITUTIONS AND
CAPACITIES)
 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT
 TRAINING
 AWARENESS
 MULTI HAZARD EWS
 MAINSTREAMING DRR INTO DEVELOPMENT
 COMMUNITY BASED DRR INITIATIVES
 EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEMS
 CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT FOR POST DISASTER
RECOVERY

NDMF
 TO BE UTILIZED TO DEAL WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF
DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
 PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS ARE ALSO REQUIRED TO
ESTABLISH SIMILAR FUNDS UNDER THE RESPECTIVE
PDMAS
NIDM
 CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
 WILL CATER FOR DOMESTIC / REGIONAL TRAINING AND
RESEARCH NEEDS
 DRM COURSES STARTED UNDER THE NIDM WHILE
INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE
WILL BE INITIATED SHORTLY
KEY DRM INITIATIVES
 NATIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING FOR
DRM PROJECT
 HRD FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
 DRM PLANNING
 DRR MAINSTREAMING
 COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
ACTIVITIES
 RESPONSE PROJECT – PEER & USAR

KEY DRM INITIATIVES
 NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR 2009-10

 FULL OPERATIONALIZATION OF PDMAS AND DDMAS
IN 50 HIGH RISK DISTRICTS
 COMPLETION OF NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT
EXERCISE
 RISK SENSITIVE DEVELOPMENT POLICY AND
PLANNING
 COMMUNITY BASED MITIGATION PROGRAMMES IN 50
DISTRICTS
 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN DRM
 RAISING PUBLIC AWARENESS
 EMERGENCY RESPONSE CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT

KEY DRM INITIATIVES
Contingency Plans
Winter Contingency Plan
Cyclone Contingency Plan (for Karachi City)
Monsoon Contingency Plan 2007-2008
Marine Oil/Chemical Spill Contingency Plan
Industrial & Chemical Accidents Contingency Plan (advanced

stage of finalization)
Technical Contingency Plan

KEY DRM INITIATIVES
COMPOSITE RISK ASSESSMENT PROJECT

 MAPPING OF HAZARD RISKS IN PAKISTAN
 DEVELOP GUIDELINES & STANDARDS FOR RESPONSE
 EQUIP NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL EMERGENCY

OPERATION CENTRES WITH ESSENTIAL IT EQUIPMENT
 PREPARE NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE PLAN,

DEVELOP DEPARTMENTAL SOPS FOR DISASTER
RESPONSE
 DEVELOP AN INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

FOR DISASTER RESPONSE

CHALLENGES
POLITICAL ATTENTION
RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS AND COMPETING
DEMANDS
LACK OF AWARENESS AND PROFESSIONAL
EXPERTISE IN THE FIELD OF DRM
WAVERING COMMITMENTS FROM THE DONOR
AGENCIES

THANK YOU

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PREPAREDNESS IN PAKISTAN

POST 2005 EARTHQUAKE

LT GEN (R) FAROOQ AHMAD KHAN,

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 11

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 3

FLOODS FOREST FIRES

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 44

CHEMICAL ACCIDENTS INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 55

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 66

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 77

EARTHQUAKES OF GREATER THAN M=7.5

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 99

Himachal Pradesh 19,727

Town Hall Lahore

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 10

Railway Station 35,000 deaths

Lytton Road 35,000 deaths

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 11

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 13

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 14

Pasni Karachi 8.3

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 15

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 16

FAULT LINE 100

•HUMAN LOSS - Balakot 73,338

•INJUREDPeshawar Abbotabad - 1,28,309

•FAMILIES AFFECTED- Isd

CATEGORY DESTROYED/ TOTAL

 MOST OF THE UTILITIES LIKE TELECOM, WATER SUPPLY &

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 18

The focus of the above institutional arrangements

SHALL REPORT DIRECTLY TO THE PRIME MINISTER. ALL

AGENCIES CONCERNED WITH THE RELIEF AND

REHABILITATION EFFORTS, INCLUDING CABINET, HEALTH,

INTERIOR, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, COMMUNICATION AND

INFORMATION DIVISIONS SHALL FUNCTION THROUGH HIM

AND FORM A PART OF THE TEAM. ARMED FORCES SHALL

ALSO BE A PART OF THE TEAM”

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 20

PREP & MITIGATION

FMNS LOG AVN MED INTL ORGs/NGOs GOVT DEPTS

PUBLIC/VOLUNTEERS FOREIGN SP PIA, RAILWAYS, NLC,

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 22

DISTRIBUTION POINTS HELs, ANIMAL

EARLY RECOVERY -- UNDP LOGISTICS

INFO, TELECOMM INFRASTRUCTURE

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 25

 MOVE BEYOND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS AND EGOS

 CREATE INTER AGENCIES & MULTI-ORGANIZATIONAL

 DE-CONFLICTING CONSTITUTIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL

DOMAINS AND SPHERES

 HARMONIZE POLICIES AND RULES OF OFFICIAL BUSINESS

 ONE ROOF/ONE WINDOW OPERATION AT STRAT /

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 26

NEED FOR A PERMANENT

 CREATE STRONG LINK BETWEEN MEDIA,

AFFECTEES AND THE WORLD COMMUNITY

 THEIR JOB BE FACILITATED BY SHARING

DATA AND INGRAINING THEM INTO THE

NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 28

QUICK & SMOOTH RESPONSE

 ESTABLISH COORDINATION CENTERS

 USE COMMON DATABASE