DESIGN OF DEEP BEAMS

BY
HASANATH
JM LOHIT
DEEP BEAMS:

As per IS 456:2000
• L/D < 2.0 for simply supported
• L/D <2.5 for continuous beam

L - effective span
D - overall depth
 AS PER ACI 318:
• Clear span equal or less than
4 times overall depth

Ln ≤ 4h

• Regions with concentrated

loads within a distance 2h
from support face

x < 2h
DESIGN METHODS:

• Non-linear analysis

• Strut and tie method of ACI

code
GEOMETRIC SHAPES OF STRUTS
BRIEF PROCEDURE:
Definition of D region

Calculation of force resultants in D regions

Selection of truss model

Selecting dimensions for strut and nodal

zones

Checking capacity of struts

Design of ties and anchorages

Design details and minimum reinforcement

 DESIGN PROBLEM

A transfer girder is to carry two 610mm square

columns each with factored loads of 5340 kN located at
the third points of span and carries distributed factored
load of 58.72 kN/m. Design the beam.
span of beam = 10.8m
width of beam = 0.6m
depth of beam = 3.6m
Fc = M 35
Fy = Fe 415
effective depth = 0.9h
 5340 KN 5340 KN
58.72KN/m

3.6 m

10.8m
LOAD CALCULATIONS:

• Factored self weight : 1.5(3.6 *0.6*25)

= 81 KN/m

• Total distributed load = 58.72+81

=139.72 KN/m

• Total factored load=139.72*10.8

=1509 KN
• L ≤ 4h
it is a deep beam

• whole span is a D region

• nominal shear(Vu) in deep beam < (10 b*d√ Fc)*0.75

Vu= 5340+(1509/2) = 6094.5KN < 86256.5 KN
 5340 KN 5340 KN
9 @ 167.7 KN

a ------------------------------------------------------------
b c d e f

g h i

6094.5 KN 6094.5 KN

Total distributed load 139.72 KN/m is -------- STRUTS

represented by 9 @ 167.7KN TIES
concentrated loads at 0.9m centers
 CALCULATION OF FORCES
Node ‘a’

167.7KN

a tanβ = d/0.9
ag
β = 74.5◦
β ag = 167.7/sin(β)= 174 KN

horizontal force = ag*cos(β)

= 46.5 KN
Node ‘f’:

167.7 KN

tanα = 3.24/(3*0.9)
α = 50.2◦
fi α fi

ΣFy = 0
2*fi*sin(α) = 167.7
fi = 109.1KN
horizontal force = fi*cos(α)
= 69.8 KN
WIDTH CALCULATION:
Strut ‘ag’
stress at node ‘g’ ( C-C-T ) , p = 6094*1000/(610*610)
p = 16.4 N/mm^2

width of strut ‘ag’ = force in strut ‘ag’/(p*b)

= 174000 /(16.4*600)
= 17.68 mm.
Strut ‘fi’
capacity of strut ‘fi’ = 0.75*(0.85*Fc*ξ)*Ac (node ‘i’)
109.1*1000 = 0.75*0.85*35* 0.6*w*600
width of strut ‘fi’ = 13.6 mm.
 CHECK FOR CAPACITY OF
STRUTS
Strut ‘ag’ (critical being bottle shaped)

width of strut ‘ag’ = 17.68mm.

capacity of strut = 0.75*(0.85*0.75* Fc*w*t)
= 0.75*0.85*0.75*35*17.68*600
= 177.5KN
> 174 KN adequate
DESIGN OF TIES:

total horizontal forces from struts = 7389KN

capacity of tie = 0.75*(Fy*As)

As= (7389*1000)/(0.75*415)
= 23739.7 mm^2
steel requirement = 23739.7/((π/4)32^2)
=29.5 = 30 bars
provide 30 bars in 6 layers, 5 in each.
 MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT
REQUIREMENTS
• vertical steel:
As per ACI
Av ≥ 0.0025*t*s min of
• Horizontal steel: d/5
As per ACI 0.3m
Ah ≥ 0.0015*t*s
• Transverse reinforcement requirement:
As per ACI
Σ(Asi)/(w*s)*sin(γ) ≥ 0.003
 DETAILING:

ELEVATION

8mm bars
8mm bars 32 mm bars
@ 150 mm
@100 mm @ 6 layers
c/c on each
c/c on each
face
face

SECTION
REFERENCES:

o “ DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES”

by nilson,darwin,dolan.
o “DESIGN OF SHEAR USING STRUT AND
TIE MODEL” by M.D brown and O. Bayrak.
o Strut and tie model in bridge design by
AASHTO
THANK YOU

ANY QUERIES..?