E-GOVERNMENT

AGENDA

 What is e-Government?

 Why e-Government?

 Issues in e-Government

7 Principles of e-Government
ESSENCE OF GOOD GOVERNANCE

• Deregulation
Least Governance • Right-Sizing
• Partnership

Customer-centric • Service-centricity
• Efficiency
Governance • Joined-up Government

Participative • Inclusion
• Communication
Governance • Consultation
WHAT IS E-GOVERNMENT ?
It is the
transformation of government
to provide

Efficient
Convenient &
Transparent
Services
to
the Citizens & Businesses

through
Information & Communication Technologies
WHAT IS NOT E-GOVERNMENT ?

e-Government is not about ‘e’

but about government !

e-Government is not about computers & websites

but about citizens & businesses!

e-Government is not about translating processes

but about transforming processes !

WHERE DOES KZ STAND IN EGOV ?

The Leaders The Followers

1. USA 0.9062
50. Russian Federation 0.5329
2. Denmark 0.9058
3. Sweden 0.8983
4. U.K. 0.8777 65. Kazakhstan 0.4813
5. Korea 0.8727
6. Australia 0.8679 87. India 0. 4001
7. Singapore 0.8503
8. Canada 0.8425
9. Finland 0.8237
10. Norway 0.8228 World Average 0.4267

e-Government Index on a scale of 0-1; UNPAN Survey 2005

WHAT DO LEADING NATIONS AIM IN
EGOV?
 Interactive Public Services
 Public Procurement
 Public Internet Access Points
 Broadband Connectivity
 Interoperability
 Culture & Tourism
 Secure G2G Communications
IS E-GOV ALWAYS BASED ON INTERNET?
NO !
The following forms are also e-Government
 Telephone, Fax, Mobile
 CCTV, Tracking Systems, RFID,
Biometrics
 Smartcards
 Non-online e-Voting
 TV & Radio-based delivery of public
services
E-GOVERNMENT & E-GOVERNANCE

 e-Government
 Transformation of Government
 Modernization of processes & functions
 Better delivery mechanisms
 Citizens are recipients

 e-Governance
 A decisional process
 Use of ICT for wider participation of citizens
 Citizens are participants
EXAMPLES OF E-SERVICES – G2C
• Employment Services
• Vehicle Registration
• Driver’s License
• Passport/Visa

• Agriculture
• Land Record
• Property Registration
• School Admission • Marriage Certificates
• Scholarships • Taxes
• e-Learning • Utility Services
• Examination Results • Municipality Services

• Pensions
• Birth Certificate • Insurance
• Health Care • Health Care
• Death Certificate
EXAMPLES OF E-SERVICES – G2B
•Approvals
•Permissions
•Returns
•Taxes
•Permits Expand •Approvals
•Compliance •Compliance
Close
Operate

Start-up Explore
Opportunities

•Approvals •Project Profiles

•Permissions •Infrastructure
•Registrations •State Support
BENEFITS OF E-GOVERNMENT
BENEFITS TO GOVERNMENT

 Law & Policy-making

 e-Government can be a catalyst for legal reform
 Wider & faster dissemination of laws
 Faster & better formulation of policies
 Better Regulation
 Registration & Licensing - speedier
 Taxation – better revenues
 Environmental Regulations – better compliance
 Transportation & Police – more transparency
 More efficient Services to Citizens & Businesses
 Better Image
 Cost-cutting
 Better targeting of benefits
 Control of corruption
BENEFITS TO BUSINESS

 Increased velocity of business

 E.g Tradenet of Singapore

 Ease of doing business with Government

 e-Procurement

 Better Investment climate

 Transparency
BENEFITS TO CITIZENS

 Cost and time-savings

 Certainty in getting services

 Better quality of life

 Ease of access of information

 Added convenience – multiple delivery channels

 Possibility of self-service
SEVEN PRINCIPLES OF
E-GOVERNMENT
 PRINCIPLE # 1
e-Government is about

Transformation
PROPORTION OF PPT IN A
COMPUTERIZATION PROJECT

25%

60%
15%

Process People Technology

PROPORTION OF PPT(L!) IN AN
E-GOVERNMENT PROJECT

5%

20%
35%

40%

Process People Technology Luck

INGREDIENTS OF TRANSFORMATION
Department Customer
Centric Centric
Approach Approach

Process Service
Orientation Orientation

Output-Based Outcome-based
Assessment Assessment

Departmental Integrated
View View
ISSUES IN TRANSFORMATION

 Degree of Transformation
 Change Management
 External motivation
 Following Best Practice
 Engaging Consultants
 Top Management Support
 Awareness & Communication
 PRINCIPLE # 2
e-Government requires

A Holistic Approach
7 AREAS OF MANAGEMENT

Program
Management
Process
Reform Change
Management Management
Knowledge
Management

Resource Technology
Management Management

Procurement
Management
THE FOUR PILLARS OF EGOV

e-Government

Technology

Resources
Process
People
6C MODEL OF IMPLEMENTATION

Connectivity
Capital
Capacity

6C Model

Citizen
Interface
Content

Cyberlaw
FRONT-END VS. BACKEND

Internet

Backend
Systems Infrastructure
Service
+ Centre
BPR
People

Front-end Systems
Right balance between Front-end & Backend

Foundation Results
ISSUES IN ADOPTING A HOLISTIC
APPROACH

 Lackof appreciation of the need for holistic

approach
 Complexity in Project Development
 Time-taking

 5-8% additionality in overall project costs

 Lack of expertise in adopting holistic approach
 Lack of patience
 PRINCIPLE # 3
e-Government requires us to overcome

A Number of Challenges
THE CHALLENGES

1 PROCESS 2 PEOPLE
•Lack of Process Models •Lack of Political Will
•Status Quo-ism •Official Apathy
•Poor Legal Frameworks •Shortage of Champions
•Complex Procurement •Lack of Skills in Govt

4 RESOURCES 3 TECHNOLGY
•Lack of Architectures
•Budget Constraints •Lack of Standards
•Disinterest of Pvt Sector •Poor Communication
•Lack Project Mgt Skills Infrastructure
•Hardware-approach
PRINCIPLE # 4
e-Government needs
A Systematic Approach
through EGRM
Failing to Plan means…

Planning to Fail !
WHAT IS AN EGOV ROADMAP ?
 A set of comprehensive documents that

 provide a vision
 indicate a direction
 set a pace
 create a set of methodologies
 lay down priorities
 enable resource mobilization
 facilitate adoption of holistic approach
… in implementing e-Government
WHY SHOULD WE DEVELOP EGRM?

1. To align e-Gov efforts along the development priorities

of the State

2. To ensure systematic approach in implementation

3. To ensure optimal utilization of scarce resources

4. To move away from champion-led approach to an

institutionalized approach in e-Gov
• Projects don’t happen by ACCIDENT any longer, but by design

5. To achieve a high success rate

THE E-GOVERNANCE ROADMAP…

N
VIS
IO

By 2010, the State

will be . . .
Vision
ST
GY

Strategy
RA
TE ATE
GY R
ST
ü Leverage
PPP

Blueprint
eProc
BL NT
RI
Workflow
U EP P
RI UE
NT
Other Projects &
BL
Initiatives

Mission Projects &

Initiatives
Land eProc
Information
System
Data
Network
Center
Access to Legal
Information Kiosks
Core Projects &
Initiatives
Capacity
Workflow Building
ePanchayat eSeva

GPR

Financial
HRMS Information
System

Program
eGov Blueprint

eG
ov AM
PR Land OGR
OG R
RA eproc
Municip
al
o vP
M DC,
WAN
eG
Pancha
eSeva
yat
Police

eG
ov
EC
OS
YS vE
CO
SYST
EM
Ecosystem
TE o
eG
eC
M ha
up
al
PPP
ri
Ag

GPR
LR
Training

Land
 Example of EGRM for a State
Mining CT
Group
Applications
G2B Service Delivery Works
Env & Single Infrastructure
Management
Window Health
Forest Core
Core Policies Infrastructure
•Security
•Standards •SWAN
•Capacity Building •Data Centre
•PPP •Gateway
•Service Delivery •e-Payment
Project
Welfare •Language •Call Centre Management
Core
Applications
Rural •HRMS Urban
CSCs •IFMS CSCs
•e-Procurement Land
AgriPortal •GIS
•Workflow
Online
EduSat •Portal +RTI EduPortal
•Citizen ID

Rural Urban
Devpt e-Learning Devpt
PRINCIPLE # 5

e-Government necessitates
Change Management
WHAT IS CHANGE MANAGEMENT?

Change Management is about

managing people in a changing environment
so that business changes are successful
and the desired business results are realized.
7 GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF CHG MGT

1. Senders & Receivers of communications must

be in Sync
2. Assess the levels of resistance & comfort
3. Authority for change must be sufficient &
continuous
4. Value systems in the organization should support
Chg Mgt
5. Change should be of right quantum
6. The ‘right’ answer is not enough
7. Change is a process and not an event.
THE ADKAR MODEL

1. Awareness of Change

2. Desire to Change

3. Knowledge of Skills

4. Ability to apply Knowledge

5. Reinforcement to Sustain Change

PRINCIPLE # 6

e-Government necessitates
Capacity Building
HIERARCHY OF CAPACITY NEEDS
•Policy Formulation
Leadership & Vision •Committing Resources
•Taking hard decisions

•Preparing Roadmaps
Program Development •Prioritization
•Frameworks, Guidelines

•Monitoring Progress
•Inter-agency Collaboration
Program Management •Funds Management
•Capacity Management

•Conceptualization
Project Development •Architecture
•Definition (RFP, SLA…)

•Bid Process Management

Project Management •Project Monitoring
•Quality Assurance
PRINCIPLE # 7

e-Government needs
Top Level Sponsorship
ROLE OF LEADERSHIP
1. Becoming Champions of e-Government
 to achieve change of mindset
 to create an environment for innovation
 to provide adequate resources

2. Removing Barriers
 to overcome employee resistance
 to achieve cross-agency coordination
 to create confidence in private sector to partner government

3. Taking Hard Decisions

 to take the risks inherent in e-Government
 to achieve effective Government Process Re-engineering

4. Articulating the needs of citizens & businesses

VALUE OF ZERO !!

Leadership
& vision
Resources

Managemen HRD Infrastructure

t

0 0 ,0 0 ,0 0 0
Technology GPR Partnership
BLUE PRINT
E-GOV DI INDONESIA
STRATEGI 315  MII2015

● e-Leadership

Flagship Programs
● e-Pendidikan
5 ● e-Infrastruktur
● e-Industri
● e-Government

1 Public Private Partnership Alokasi

Sumber
Daya

3 Infrastruktur
Informasi
Sumber
Daya Manusia &
Kelembagaan TIK
Regulasi Pilar
 STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI
e-Police
e-Govt e-Proc
e-Services
e-ID Blended Learning
ICT as Enabler e-Learning Digital Library
e-Health CAI
ICT Policy e-UKMK e-Accounting
e-Business e-Transaction
e-Commerce e-Payment
e-Logistics
Cetak
Biru
Aplikasi

Content
Hardware
ICT as Industry Software (Mobile Apps, Middleware)
Services/Support
R&D
 ?
Mengapa e-Government
Inpres No 3/2003

 Dorongan terhadap diwujudkannya Pemerintahan

yang demokratis, transparan, bersih, adil,
akuntabel, bertanggung-jawab, responsif, efektif
dan efisien secepat cepatnya
 Kemajuan teknologi Komunikasi dan Informasi dan
pemanfaatannya pada berbagai aspek kehidupan,
termasuk di pemerintahan
 Ancaman digital divide, terkucil dari
kecenderungan global
 Peningkatan daya saing
DASAR PEMIKIRAN E-GOV

G4C

Aplikasi e-Gov
INFRASTRUKTUR G4G
e-GOV
 IGASIS
 Pedoman – sosialisasi
 Intranet antar kantor pemerintah  Aplikasi e-GOV
G4B  Data recovery untuk pemerintah
 Fasilitas keamanan server, jaringan, dan data
 e-PROC
Aplikasi e-Gov

Ref UU 22/99, UU 32/04, dan UU 3/05 ttg PemDa:

 50 modul aplikasi e-Gov di PemPusat
 47 modul aplikasi e-Gov di PemDa
 Tujuan Strategis
Pengembangan e-Government
(Inpres 3 tahun 2003)

1) Pembentukan jaringan informasi dan

transaksi pelayanan publik yang tidak
dibatasi sekat waktu dan lokasi serta dengan
biaya yang terjangkau masyarakat (G2C)
2) Pembentukan hubungan interaktif dengan
dunia usaha (G2B)
3) Pembentukan mekanisme dan saluran
komunikasi dengan semua lembaga negara
serta penyediaan fasilitas dialog publik, serta
Pembentukan sistem manajemen dan proses
kerja yang transparan dan efisien serta
memperlancar transaksi dan pelayanan
antar lembaga pemerintah (G2G)
 KERANGKA ARSITEKTUR E-GOV

Kebijakan Kerangka Peraturan

Akses Jaringan Telekomunikasi Internet Akses Lain-lain

Kebutuhan Masyarakat
Manajemen Perubahan

Portal Pendidikan Kesehatan Kepen- Perpajakan

dudukan Lain-lain
Pelayanan Publik

Organisasi
pengelolaan dan Kepresi- Kemen- Utilitas
terian & Kemen-
Pemda Lain-lain
pengolahan denan terian Publik
lembaga
Informasi
Tools: Service: E- doc
Infrastruktur • E-billing Standard • Authentic & data
• E-procure Intranet
dan aplikasi dasar & security • Public Key mgmt
• etc • etc

Sumber : Inpres 3 tahun 2003

PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI E-GOVERNMENT
Aplikasi Layanan Publik Pada
Instansi Pemerintah Pusat
Informasi Kebijakan Publik
Pemerintah (UU, PP, Kepres, Inpres, Kepmen,
Pusat Kepdirjen, dll)
(Dep, Kementr, Layanan Informasi Umum ttg Instansi
Back Office :
LPND) Informasi dari Masyarakat
Untuk Pusat
Layanan Darurat/Bencana
dan Daerah
Layanan Pencatatan/Pendaftaran
Layanan Perijinan
1. Administrasi
Layanan Pembayaran
Keuangan
Layanan Khusus lainnya
2. Kekayaan /
Asset
3. Kepegawaian
Pengem- Aspek yg diperhatikan : 4. Pengendalian
bangan • Tupoksi Proyek Aplikasi Layanan Publik Pada
Aplikasi Instansi Pemerintah Daerah
• Kompleksitas 5. Pengadaan
Informasi Kebijakan Publik
E-Gov • Sumber Daya-Tahapan Barang Dan
Jasa Informasi dari Masyarakat
6. Sistem Informasi Daerah (perekon, pariwisata,
Pelaporan pertanian, kependudkn, dll)
7. Pengawasan GIS/Mapping
Internal Informasi Darurat/Bencana
8. dll Layanan Kependdkan (KTP, KK, Akte Lahir
Pemerintah Akte Nikah/Cerai/Kematian, dll)
Daerah Layanan Pendidikan
(Prov, Kab/ Layanan Kesehatan
Kota) Layanan Pendaftaran
Layanan Perijinan
Layanan Pembayaran
KERANGKA FUNGSI SISTEM KEPEMERINTAHAN

Blok-blok fungsi dasar umum

Contoh: e-Batam
Seamless coordination among Government Sectors in Batam toward
Batam Single Window

Business Model
 Manfaat Bank Data Penduduk
dgn Pelayanan Publik
Jasa
layanan : Pelayanan Sosial :
Air Bersih, Kesehatan,
Telepon, Pendidikan,
Listrik Asuransi, JPS

Intranet
Pelayanan
DATABASE Kepemilikan :
PENDUDUK Sertifikat
Perijinan : ( NIK ) Tanah, IMB
Usaha,
Perdagangan Perpajakan/
Kepolisian :
SPT, PBB,
Pelayanan BPKB,
Perbankan SIM, STNK,
Keimigrasian STMD
Pasport, KITAS, KITAP
Single Identification No KTP
No Sertif HAT (NIB)
Number/Nomor
No KK
Identitas Tunggal No IMB
No Paspor
No SPPT (NOP) No SIM
No Pelangg List No NPWP
No Pelangg Tlp NIP
NOMOR
No Pelangg Air BERSAMA NRP
No Pelangg Gas (Common ID) No BPKB
No Inv Aset Drh No Rek/Kartu

ID No Inv Aset Neg No Polis ID

NIT/KIN
Bdsk No SIUP No Askes Bdsk
Bid/ Perso-
No SI Temp Ush No Astek
Badan nal
Akte Pend Perush No Akta Kelah
No Ij Kuasa Tambang No Akta Nikah
No PEB/PIB DLL No
Sensus
KODE BIDANG KODE PERSONAL
(Prop, Kab, Kec, Kelur, Blok, Urut lain) (Tgl, Bln, Thn, Kelamin, Dst)
 Multi-Purposes Card
(Kartu Identitas Nasional - KIN)
Additional Flexible Storage
Embossing
Storage Chip Data
Secure ID
Photo & Signatures
Digital Certification for Virtual
Version 123 3333 4545 932 Verification
Serial Number
Certificate Authenticator Mag Stripe & Bar
Issued/Valid Codes for multi-use
Subject (User/Company)
Public Key

Digital Signature
Crypto Chip Data

Individual’s Secret Algorithm & Functions +

Key Processes Personal Data

Certificates
on a Smart Card
 Services : Multi-Purposes NATIONAL ID CARDS (KIN)

Identifikasi Transportasi: Perbankan: Utiliti

üKTP üToll üElectronic Money üPLN
üSIM üKereta Api üHome/Firm üPAM
Banking
üSTNK üBis üTELEPON
üdll
üIMB üTaksi üdll
üSertifikat Tanah üdll
üAkte Kelahiran,
üKematian, perkawinan
and perceraian
üLayanan Kesehatan dan
Asuransi
üPajak
üPerpindahan penduduk
üdll
Referensi:
Depkominfo, Strategi Dan Kebijakan Telematika Di Indonesia, 2001.
Depkominfo, Penerapan dan Pemanfaatan
e-Government Dalam Mewujudkan Masyarakat Informasi Indonesia, 2006.
Depkominfo, Perkembangan Dan Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi Untuk Pendidikan,
2007.
Lukito Edi Nugroho, E-Government di Indonesia.