LONGITUDINAL GIRDER-

Longitudinal girder is the main horizontal support of a

structure(Bridge) which supports smaller beams .
 Longitudinal girder supports the load which is transfer by
deck slab.
It is also known as Main Girder.
It is placed along the span of bridge.

PLAN OF BRIDGE DECK

 Cross Beam

Longitudinal
Girder

PIER CAP

PIER
SPECIFICATIONS

Three main girders = 7.5m in width.

Width of the bridge is adopted as 12m
At least 4 main girders will be necessary.
In India, a 3 girder system is usually more economical than
a 4 girder system.
 The thickness of cross beam should not be less than the
minimum thickness of the webs of the longitudinal girders.
When the spacing of cross beams is less than about 1.8
times that of longitudinal girders the deck slab can be
designed as a two way slab.
DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL GIRDER

When only two longitudinal girders are used, the reaction on

the longitudinal girder can be found by assuming the supports
of the deck slab as unyielding.
If 3 or more longitudinal girder the live load distribution can
be calculated by using anyone of the following rational
method:

• COURBON’S METHOD
• HENDRY-JAEGAR METHOD
• GUYON AND MASSONNET METHOD
COURBON’S METHOD

The Courbon’s method is the most simplified method and is

applicable when the following circumstances are fullfilled:
• The deck span to width ratio is larger than 2 but with a
reduction of 4
• Minimum number of cross girders to be connected to
longitudinal girders is at least five and should be
symmetrically spaced.
• The depth of the cross girder can be taken as 0.75times the
longitudinal girders .
• This method is renowned because of its computational ease.
The CG of LL is eccentrically with the CG of longitudinal girder system.
Because of this eccentricity, there will be either increase or decrease in the
loads of the girders.
Live load distribution can be estimated using reaction factor
given by
Rx= W[1/n +e x1 /ΣX2]

Where W = eccentric concentrated load

n = no. of longitudinal girder
e = eccentricity of the wheel load from centre line of
deck
x1 = distance of girder under consideration from central
axis of the beam
ΣX2== sum of distance of longitudinal girders from the
centre line of deck
I1= MOI of girder under consideration
I= MOI of ‘n’ girder
NUMERICAL BASED ON COURBON’S METHOD
THANK YOU
* PREPARED BY:-
* HIMANSHI SEMWAL
* NIDHI RAWAT
* SAKSHI SHARMA
* SNEHA AGGARWAL
* AMBIKA RAWAT
* AGRIMA BARTHWAL
* KUNSHIKA YADAV