5G RAN2.

0 QoS Management

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

 Change History

Version Description Date Owner

0.1 Completed the draft. 2018-05-25 Liu Shuai

(employee ID: 00387104)

0.3 2018-06-21 Revised the document based on review

comments from GTS engineers.

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 Content
• 1. Scenario Description

• 2. Function Introduction

• 3. Impact Analysis

• 4. User Guide

• 5. Beta Test

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2. Scenario Description
Scenario
• A network carries multiple types of services, such as services of smartphones,
WTTx, AR/VR, and autonomous driving. Different services require different
service guarantee.
• Therefore, a proper radio bearer needs to be established for each type of
service to ensure service quality and fairness.
AR/VR:
Low delay (< 20 ms)
Rate (100 Mbit/s)

Autonomous driving
Low delay (< 10 ms)
Rate (20 Mbit/s)

Smartphone
Low delay (< 300 ms)
WTTx Rate (50 Mbit/s)
Low delay (< 300 ms)
Rate (100 Mbit/s)

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2. Solution Overview
• QoS management is divided into two phases:
1. During radio bearer setup
- Different PDCP/RLC/MAC parameters are configured for each radio bearer based on QoS
characteristics.
2. After radio bearer setup
- Dynamic uplink and downlink scheduling is used to ensure QoS characteristics and bearer
rate requirements while maximizing system capacity.
Note: The current version supports QoS management only in the non-standalone (NSA)
architecture.

In the Option 3 or Option 3X

architecture, the gNodeB obtains QoS
information through the X2-C
interface.

S1-C X2-C
S1-U X2-U

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QoS Management – During Radio Bearer Setup
For details, see Appendix Table 6.1.7-A
Standardized QCI characteristics in 3GPP TS
23.203.
MeNB SgNB

SGNB ADDITION REQUEST

SGNB ADDITION REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE

The QoS information is obtained

through the SGNB ADDITION
REQUEST message.

Parameter configuration is performed by the system by default and varies with the QCI. All parameters can be configured on the GUI.
 QCI6: RlcMode=RlcMode_UM, RlcParamGroupId=1, PdcpParamGroupId=0, MacParamGroupId=1;
 ...
 QCI9: RlcMode=RlcMode_AM, RlcParamGroupId=3,PdcpParamGroupId=5, MacParamGroupId=9;

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QoS Management – After Radio Bearer Setup
(Dynamic Scheduling)
In addition to parameter configuration, dynamic scheduling UE1 QCI9
QCI 9
WeightFactor = 800
is used to guarantee QoS characteristics, such as Priority The ratio of the rates
Level and Packet Delay Budget. of the two UEs is
close to 8:10.
UE2 QCI6
WeightFactor = 1000
QCI 6
𝑒𝑓𝑓
Priority = × 𝞬(𝑄𝐶𝐼) × 𝑓(𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑦)
𝑟

- 𝞬(𝑄𝐶𝐼) is used to control the scheduling priority of each bearer and is specified by
DlSchPriWeightFactor/UlSchPriWeightFactor.
𝐷
- 𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑦 =
Packet Delay Budget − D
, where D indicates the delay in which the first data packet waits for
scheduling in the buffer. The closer to Packet Delay Budget, the higher the priority.
𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑦 is used only in the downlink scheduling formula and is guaranteed by the scheduling on the base
station side.
In uplink scheduling, the gNodeB uses the RRC signaling to configure the Packet Delay Budget
parameter for a UE. The UE ensures that the carried data packets meet the delay requirements.

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QoS Management – After Radio Bearer Setup
(Downlink Rate Control)  Rate guarantee is mainly implemented by the data split anchor
EPC where all data of a bearer or a user can be viewed.
Signaling
 In the Option 3 architecture, the eNodeB functions as the
Downlink UE-AMBR = 50 Mbit/s Downlink data data split anchor and the NR side guarantees only the data
that is distributed by the eNodeB in line with the rate
Downlink UE- guarantee requirement of the X2 interface.
RRC AMBR = 50 Mbit/s RRC  In the Option 3X architecture (shown in the left figure), the
Downlink UE-AMBR = 50 Mbit/s
NR side functions as the data split anchor.
The NR side summarizes the amount of data transmitted by
Measure the peer base station Volumepeer and the amount of data
PDCP Volumepeer
transmitted by the local base station Volumelocal:
 If the downlink TotalVolume of all non-GBR bearers of a
UE is greater than UE-AMBR, the NR side suspends
downlink scheduling and data splitting of all non-GBR
RLC RLC
Measure
bearers.
Volumelocal
 In addition, Huawei supports the minimum rate guarantee
for non-GBR bearers. If downlink TotalVolume of a bearer
Total Volume is less than DlGuaranteedRate, the NR side allocates
= Volumepeer + Volumelocal more scheduling resources to the bearer.
In 19A, GBR bearers can be set up only on the LTE network.
Therefore, data splitting is not involved. The guarantee is
MeNB (Peer) SgNB (Local) performed on the LTE side and is not related to NR.

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 QoS Management – After Radio Bearer Setup (Uplink
Rate Control)
In the NSA architecture, the UE-AMBR-based traffic distribution
proportion X% can be configured on the LTE interface.
EPC Signaling
 The same rate guarantee method is used in the Option 3
Uplink UE-AMBR = 50 Mbit/s Uplink data and Option 3X architectures.
Uplink UE-AMBR
= 50 x (1 – X%)
QoS Guarantee
RRC
Mbit/s RRC Requirement
eNodeB gNodeB

Uplink UE-AMBR = 50 VolumeMeNB N/A (The GBR is

x (1 – X%) Mbit/s
GBR ≥ Rate on the core involved only on the
PDCP network LTE side.)

VolumeMeNB VolumesgNB MBR

VolumeMeNB
≤ Rate configured on
N/A (The GBR is
involved only on the
the core network LTE side.)
RLC RLC Data rate
Data rate VolumesgNB
VolumeMeNB
scheduled on the
scheduled on the
UE-AMBR gNodeB ≤ (Rate
eNodeB ≤ (Rate
configured on the core
configured on the core
network x (1 – X%))
network x X%)

MeNB (Peer) SgNB (Local)

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 3. Impact Analysis

Positive impact (gain) Negative impact

• Differentiated services and guarantee
• If a large GBR is configured for a UE at
the cell edge, more resources are
allocated to the UE, affecting the cell
throughput.
• If the MBR or UE-AMBR is set to a small
value, the air interface capability is limited.
As a result, the average user rate in the
cell is lower than the actual air interface
capability.

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4. User Guide 2-1

Prerequisite features
None

Licenses
None

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4. User Guide 2-2
 Recommended scenario

 Scenarios with differentiated service requirements

 Feature activation

 This feature is a basic feature. No switch is required.

 Set algorithm parameters.
Set [MO] NRDUCellQciBearer[/MO][Para]QCI=9,DlGuaranteedRate=0,UlGuaranteedRate=0[/Para];
Set [MO] NRDUCellQciBearer[/MO][Para]QCI=9, DlSchPriWeightFactor=1000,UlSchPriWeightFactor=1000[/Para];
Set [MO] NRDUCellQciBearer[/MO][Para]QCI=9, AmRlcParamGroupId=3[/Para];
Set [MO] NRCellQciBearer[/MO][Para]QCI=9, AmPdcpParamGroupId=5[/Para];

 Feature deactivation

 This feature is a basic feature. No switch is required.

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5. Verification
Observation after activation

 In the Signaling Trace Management window of the U2020 client, choose X2 Interface Trace from the left navigation
tree. In the displayed X2 Interface Trace dialog box, check whether the values of IEs are the same as the configured
values.
• Check that the value of the RLC-Config IE in the X2AP_SGNB_ADD_ACK message over the X2 interface is the
same as the value of the NRDUCellQciBearer.AmRlcParamGroupId/NRDUCellQciBearer.
UmRlcParamGroupId parameter.
• Check that the value of the pdcp-Config IE in the X2AP_SGNB_ADD_ACK message over the X2 interface is the
same as the value of the
NRCellQciBearer.AmPDCPParamGroupId/NRCellQciBearer.UmPDCPParamGroupId parameter.
If both of the preceding conditions are met, the feature has taken effect.

New counters

 None

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Appendix Table 6.1.7-A Standardized QCI characteristics
in 3GPP TS 23.203

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