ABDOMEN

LIVER
 LIVER
 Largest Gland
Functions:- 3 Basic Functions
 Production and Secretion
of Bile.
 Metabolism of
Carbohydrates, Fats and
Proteins.
 Filtration of Blood.
 In Addition, It also
Synthesize Heparin,
Detoxication.
 Divisions Of
Liver

Right Lobe (Large) Left Lobe (Small)

Quadrate Lobe Caudate Lobe

Division Of Right Lobe Is By,

i. Gall Bladder ii. Fissure for ligamentum teres iii. Inf. Vena
Cava
iv. Fissure for Ligamentum Venosum.
 Quadrate Lobe and Caudate Lobe Are Functional part of Left
Completely Surrounded by fibrous Capsule, Partially by
Peritoneum.
Central Vein of each Lobe Is Tributary of Hepatic Vein.

Spaces Between Lobules are Portal Canals containing

1, Branches Of Hepatic Artery.
2, Portal Vein.
3, Tributary Of Bile Duct.( Portal Trial )
Blood Passes Between the Liver Cells by means Sinusoids
Hilum / Porta Hepatis:-
 Found on posterio inferior
surface.
 Between caudate and quadrate
lobe.
In it lie
• Rt. And Lt. Hepatic Duct

• Rt. And Lt. Branch of Hepatic

Artery
• Portal Vein

• Sympathetic and
Parasumpathetic nerve fibers.
• Few hepatic lymph node.
 Relations Of LIVER
 ANTERIORLY:-  POSTERIORLY:-
 Diaphragm  Diaphragm
 Rt. and Lt. Costal  Rt. Kidney.
Margins.  Duodenum.
 Rt. And Lt, Pleura.  Gall Bladder.
 Lower Margins of Lungs  Inf. Vena Cava
and Xiphoid process.  Hepatic flexure of colon
 Ant. Abdominal Wall  Esophagus and stomach
Surfaces:-
Postero Inferior or Visceral
Surface.
It contact with.
 Abdominal part of
Esophagus.
 Stomach.
 Duodenum.
 Right Colic Flexure.
 Right Kidney.
 Gall Bladder.
 Suprarenal Gland.
Peritoneal Ligament of The Liver :-

 Falciform Ligament:-
Two layered fold of peritoneum
ascends from Umbilicus to
liver.
i. Right Layer Forms upper
Layer Of Coronary Ligament.
ii. Left Layer Forms upper
Layer Of Triangular
Ligament.
 Rt. Triangular Ligament of
Liver is Devoid of Peritoneum
and is referred as bare area of
liver.
 Lesser omentum arises from
edges of Porta Hepatis.
Blood Supply:-
Hepatic Artery branch of Celiac Artery.

Veins:-
Portal Vein Divided into right and left terminal
branches which enters porta Hepatis.
Hepatic Vein into inferior vena cava

Blood Circulation Through Liver:-

 30% By Hepatic Artery.
 70% By Portal Artery.
Lymph Drainage:-

 “ About 1/3 to ½ of all the body lymph”

 Liver produces large amount of lymph.
 Lymph Vessels leaves liver and enter several lymph
nodes.
 Efferent Vessels Passess to Celiac node.
 Few Vessels passess from bare area of liver through
diaphragm to post. Mediastinal lymph node.
Nerve Supply:-
 Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nerves
from Celiac plexus.

 Large Hepatic branch of Ant. Vagal

Trunk passes directly through the liver.