Sei sulla pagina 1di 17

introduction to

PROBABILITY
PROBABILITY
• is the branch of mathematics
concerned with analyzing the
chance that a particular event will
occur
• its purpose is to attempt to predict
the likelihood that something will
or will not happen
EXPERIMENT
the process of making
an observation that
leads to a single
outcome which
definition of cannot be predicted

TERMS with certainly.


SAMPLE POINT
most basic outcome
of an experiment

definition of

TERMS
SAMPLE SPACE
collection of all
sample points

definition of

TERMS
EVENT
specific collection of
sample points

definition of

TERMS
understanding

PROBABILITY
UNDERSTANDING PROBABILITY
In a sample space of equally likely
outcomes, the probability of an event,
denoted as P(E), is computed by:

𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒇𝒂𝒗𝒐𝒓𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒔


𝑷 𝑬 =
𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒔
interpretation of

PROBABILITY
INTERPRETATION OF PROBABILITY
Probability is a value between 0 and 1
inclusive. When an event is impossible
to happen, the probability is 0. When an
event is certain to happen, its
probability is 1. The closer a probability
is to 1, the more likely it is to happen.
example one

A fair die is rolled.


1. Write down the sample space.
2. Find the total number of possible outcomes.
3. What is the probability of getting a
a. 4
b. an odd number
c. a number less than 3
example one

A fair die is rolled.


1. What is the probability of getting a
a. a multiple of 3
b. a number greater than 6
c. a prime number
d. a number less than 7
example two

In a standard deck of cards…


What is the probability of getting a
a. a king
b. a queen
c. a face card
d. black card
e. an even number
f. a spade
example four

A pack of buttons has 10 white


buttons, 8 red buttons and 4 black
buttons. If a button is picked at
random, what is the probability
that the button picked is a white?
a red? a black?
example three
There are 16 girls and 20 boys in
a class. If a student is selected in
random, what is the probability
that the student selected is a
boy? a girl?
example five
In a standard BINGO set of chips….
What is the probability of getting
a. a number from N
b. an even number
c. a number from O
d. a number from B and I
example six
Fifteen identical cards are labeled 1 to
15. Find the probability that a card
drawn at random may be:
a. an odd number
b. a multiple of 5
c. less than 8 but greater than 3
d. a factor of 15
e. divisible by 3 and 2

Potrebbero piacerti anche