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Theory of Personality

BIL NAMA No Matrik

1 NUR ASYIKIN BINTI SOBRI 190209
2 SITI NORHANISAH BINTI HAMZAH 187213
3 IJLALI HUSNA BINTI ALIAS 189140
4 NUR NABILAH BINTI SHAHRUL NIZAM 190445
5 NURULAMIRAH BINTI MEOR HAMZAH
6 NURUL AISYAH BINTI HASSAN 188999
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* Events in childhood have a great influence on adult lives, shaping adult’s personality

* Personality develops from the interactions among three fundamental structures of the
human mind:
i. Id (Instincts)
ii. Ego (Reality)
iii. Superego (Morality)
 The ego develops to mediate
between the unrealistic id and the
external real world. It is the
decision-making component of
personality. Ideally, the ego works
The superego incorporates by reason, whereas the id is
chaotic and unreasonable. Primitive and instinctive
the values and morals of
component of personality. It
society which are learned
consists of all the inherited
from one's parents and
(i.e., biological) components
others. It develops around
of personality present at
the age of 3 – 5 years
birth
during the phallic stage
of psychosexual
development
*Superego can make a person feel guilty if rules are not followed.
*When there is a conflict between the goals of the id and superego, the ego
must act as a referee and mediate this conflict.
*The ego can deploy various defense mechanism (Freud, 1894, 1896) to
prevent it from becoming overwhelmed by anxiety

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* Mental abnormality can occur if a
stage is not completed successfully and
the person becomes ‘FIXATED’ in a
particular stage.

This particular theory shows how

adult personality is determined by childhood
experiences.
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*A) Heredity :
It refers to physical stature, facial attractiveness, sex, temperament,
muscle composition and reflexes, energy level, and biological
rhythms are characteristics that are considered to be inherent.
Heredity approach argues that the ultimate explanation of an
individual’s personality is the molecular structures of the genes,
which are located in the chromosomes.

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*Heredity approach argues that the ultimate explanation of an individual’s
personality is the molecular structures of an genes, which are located in the
chromosomes.

B) Brain is the second biological approach to determine personality.

C) Physical features
*It is third biological approach to determine personality
*It is vital ingredient of the personality, it focus and individual person’s external
appearance which also determined the personality
*Physical features like tall or short, fat or skinny, black or white.
D) Social factors
Socialization process is starting from home and extending to work enviroment in an
organization or society.
*It focuses on good relationships, cooperation, coordination and interaction among
the members in the society or an organization or a family
*It refer to acquiring of wide range of personality by acquiring and absorbed by
themselves in the society or an organiztion
E) Situational factors
*Situational factors are very important to change the individual behavior in a
different circumstance at different situations
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 IMPACT PERSONALITY STAGE WHEN
ADULTHOOD:
Job Perfomance :
If miss one of the stage
People will get a stress in their job
Did not want to hear for others opinion
Always want an appreciation for their
successful
Can also be a disorganized person in their
works
Too perfectionist
If successful follow the stage
Encourage competency, creativity, capability
and productivity in individuals
Leads to a sense of accomplishment and
independence
Well develop of self confidence
Good development of social and
communication skills
Well-adjusted in the circle of colleague and
workplace
Health:

If miss one of the stage If successful follow the stage

Easy to get stressful health Reduces anxiety

Messy, careless, disorganized, and prone to Can differentiate the right and wrong thing
emotional outbursts to do

Satisfaction is not achieve in their life Can accept their gender identity (did not
confused or have weak sexual identity)
Develops a sense of trust and comfort
 Relationship :

If miss one of the stage If successful follow the stage

They will do a same sex relationship Develop the self-awareness, independence,

and trust

Did not have a best colleague Interested in dating and marriage

Frightened to get married ( hear so many Capable of loving someone especially the
problem) opposite gender

Difficult to find a spouse (to choosy) Caring and secure individuals

They will get a problem in their marriage Well-balanced, warm and caring
Develop normal relationships with the
opposite sex
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