HEMATOPOIESIS

PERIPHERAL BLOOD
PLASMA and
(blood) CELLS
THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM
→ TO SUPPLY PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS

 The (peripheral) blood cells

• ERYTHROCYTES
• GRANULOCYTES (Eosinophil, Basophil, Neutrophil)
• MONOCYTES
• LYMPHOCYTES
• (Thrombocytes)
ÜThe peripheral (white) blood cells
ÜCell hierarchy
in the hematopoietic tissue
THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM

 The most mature (peripheral) blood

cells die out
• Granulocytes live for only a few hours
• Erythrocytes only weeks before being destroyed

 Every day, about 1013 new myeloid

cells must be produced to replace them
THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM

CONSIDER!..

 The hematopoietic tissues

 The factors
 THE sites of HEMATOPOIETIC tissue
 Embryonic:
○ stem cells → mesenchymal cells in the yolk sac
○ recognizable cells → megaloblasts / normoblasts
 Fetal (≥12 weeks):
○ liver, spleen, lymph nodes
 After birth:
○ bone marrow (red marrow)

 Early adulthood:
○ bone marrow (yellow marrow): long bones,
sternum, ribs, cranium, vertebrae and pelvis
THE HEMATOPOIETIC TISSUES

 Embryonic and Fetal Hematopoiesis

 Postnatal Hematopoiesis
 Embryonic and Fetal Hematopoiesis
 Postnatal Hematopoiesis

Find out!..
The RED MARROW

The YELLOW MARROW

 Postnatal Hematopoiesis
The Four Phases of the cell generative cycle

G1 - Nucleus contains diploid DNA

S - Period of DNA replication
G2 - Nucleus contains tetraploid DNA
S G2 M - Period of mitosis
M G0 - Resting tate, has potential for division

G1 G0
GENERATION TIME – TIME FROM ONE MITOSIS TO THE NEXT
factors
factors
factors
THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM
THE STEM CELLS

Tulane University Medical Center

ERYTHROPOIESIS

PRONORMOBLAST
 ERYTHROPOIESIS

BASOPHILIC NORMOBLAST
ERYTHROPOIESIS

POLYCHROMATOPHILIC
NORMOBLAST
 ERYTHROPOIESIS

ORTHOCROMATOPHILIC
NORMOBLAST
 ERYTHROPOIESIS

ORTHOCROMATOPHILIC
NORMOBLAST extruding its nucleus
 ERYTHROPOIESIS

RETICULOCYTES (BCB, NMB)

= POLYCHROMATOPHILIC ERYTHROCYTES (Romanovsky)
 The red blood cells

ERYTHROCYTES
LEUKOPOIESIS (NEUTROPHIL)
LEUKOPOIESIS (BASOPHIL)
LEUKOPOIESIS (EOSINOPHIL)
LEUKOPOIESIS (MONOCYTES)
THROMBOPOIESIS

THROMBOCYTES
LYMPHOPOIESIS (lymphocytes)
 LYMPHOCYTE DEVELOPMENT
IN:

 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM (Learn..!!)

○ PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
○ SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
(BONE MARROW)
PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
(THYMUS)
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
(Lymph node)
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
(Palatine tonsil)
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
(Peyer’s patches)
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
(Appendix)
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
(spleen)
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
(spleen)
 REFERENCES:
1. Hoffbrand AV, Lewis SM, Tuddenham EGD. Postgraduate Hematology, 4th ed., BH
International Ed., London UK, 1999.

2. Jandl JH, Blood: Pathophysiology, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Inc., Massachusetts

USA, 1991.

3. McKenzie SB, Textbook of Hematology, Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore USA, St
Louis, 1996.

4. McPherson RA, Pincus MR. Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory
Methods, 21st ed., Saunders Elsevier Co., Philadelphia USA, 2007.

4. Lee GR, Bithell TC, Foerster J, Athens JW, Lukens JN. Wintrobe’s Clinical Hematology.
9th ed., Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia USA, 1993.

5. Carr JH, Rodak BF. Clinical Hematology Atlas, 2nd ed., Elseviers Saunders, St Louis
Missouri USA, 2004.

6. Burkitt HG, Young B, Heath JW. Wheater’s Functional Histology. 3rd ed. Churchill
Livingstone Inc., New York USA, 1993.
 CASE
A third-semester grade female student of medical
school was amaze on receiving questions from her
sister who just recently graduated from a senior high
school in their home town.
Her sister asked her about the origin of blood
cells in human body. How many kinds are the blood
cells? How do the blood cells grow and develop? What
would be the blood-forming tissues like and function
when she was just a little organism (embryo - fetus)
living in her mother’s womb, how are the blood cells
produced and regulated? And how also when she were
an infant, a pre-school (1-5 year-old), elementary (6-
12), teenager (13-19), adolescent (20 and up), even
until old age (60 and up)?
 TIU
 mahasiswa dapat mengerti (teori) asal usul darah

TIK
 Mengerti peran sel punca (stem cell) darah
 Mengenal jenis-jenis sel darah perifer (matang)
 Mengerti proses maturasi dan diferensiasi sel darah
 Mengenal faktor tumbuh dan faktor diferensiasi sel darah
 Mengerti fungsi dan masa hidup (life span) sel darah
 Mengenal cara pengenalan sel darah perifer dan
menghitung jumlah sel darah perifer (praktikum)