WHAT IS

VOLCANO?
Volcanoes are
vents or opening that expel
molten rocks or magma from
Earth’s interior.
 PARTS OF
VOLCANOES
- EXTERNAL
- INTERNAL
 Magma
Components
are mixture of molten or semi-molten
rock, gases, and bits of solids. It is a highly
pressurized and heavily charged with gases.

Temperature of Magmas
magmas has high temperature.

Viscosity
it is the resistance to flow. All magma
contains silica or silicon. Viscosity and silica
concentration is directly proportional.
 Lava
Components
this are magmas that reach the external
surface; it is classified through its silica
content;
1. Felsic or rhyolitic lava- resulted by explosive
eruption due to its high silica content. It is
thick, stiff and cannot flow easily resulted to
trapped gases cannot easily escape.
2. Mafic or Basaltic Lava- low silica content;
thin and more fluid; gases easily escape,
Mafic lava smoothly flow onto surface.
 Vent
Passage way of magma from earth surface until
reaching the crater (Opening of volcano).

Tephra(Lava fragment)
Components
-it is a combine hot dense gases and
solidified lava fragments or pyroclastic(Lava
flows), ranging less that 2mm to 65 mm in
diameter. They are liquid bombs from volcano
and harden as they fall.
 TYPES OF
VOLCANOES
-activity
-structure
ACTIVE
ACTIVE
Are those volcanoes that have
erupted over the last 10 000 years
and still continue to erupt.
 MT. MAYON,
ALBAY

MT. CANLAON,
NEGROS
INACTIVE
INACTIVE
Are those volcanoes that do not
erupt as of today but have potential
to do so.
 MT. PULAG,
BENGUET

MT. PINUKIS,
PAGADIAN
 TYPES OF
VOLCANOES
-activity
-structure
Stratovolcanoes
Characterized by symmetrical cones and a
steep side made up of alternating layers
of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks
and volcanic bombs.
Shield Volcano
Shield volcanoes are made up of entire lava.
The lava flows gives shield volcanoes their
broad sloping side.
 Cinder Cone Volcano
it get their names from the materials they ejected
during eruption. Cinder cone volcanoes spit out melted
volcanic rock that solidifies pebbles into pebble size, low
density basalt materials called cinder also know as
Scoria.
 VIDEO
PRESENTATION