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Energy is transformed
from one form
to another, but it is not
created or destroyed.
Mechanical energy—the energy associated with motion,
position, and deformation of objects.
Kinetic Energy.
Elastic Potential Energy.
Gravitational Potential Energy.
• Energy can be dissipated by heat (motion transferred at the
molecular level. This is referred to as dissipation.
WORK
What is “work” as defined in Physics?
•Formally, work is the product of a constant force F
through a parallel displacement s.
W is N.m
W = F.s
W<0
W=0
Sliding on a ramp
Work done be several forces
Work Done by a
Varying Force
Work Done by a Varying Force
•Energy may be stored in compressed springs.
Work and Kinetic Energy
work-energy theorem
W = Kf - Ki
Work done be several forces
Vi = 2.0 m/s
Gravitational Potential Energy (Near Earth’s
surface)
U = mgy
Gravitational Potential Energy
• U = mgh
Vf ?
M= 100kg, angle = 30 degrees, h =3m
Uel = (1/2) kx2
• Work-Energy Theorem
Wtotal = Kf – Ki
• Conservatives force
Kf + Uf = Ki + Ui
• Non-conservative forces
Kf + Uf = Ki + Ui + Wother
• Power
Pav = ΔW/Δt
The unit is Watt (J/s)
A 1.50 kg book is sliding along a rough horizontal surface.
At point A it is moving at 3.21m/s ,
and at point B it has slowed to 1.25 m/s .
A) 4d B)2d C) d 2 D) (1/2) d
Consider two frictionless inclined planes with the
same vertical height. Plane 1 makes an angle of 25.0o with
the horizontal, and plane 2 makes an angle of 55.0o
with the horizontal. Mass m1 is placed at the top of plane 1,
and mass m2 is placed at the top of plane 2. Both masses
are released at the same time.
At the bottom, which mass is going faster?