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Spectrum
Introduction
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to
Electric field
Magnetic field
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/viewtopic.php?t=52
Wavelength of Electromagnetic Waves
Hence this is the complete EM wave spectrum (the waves below in
ascending order of wavelength;
descending order of frequency )
Highest f Lowest f
Shortest λ Longest λ
Properties of EM Wave
1. All electromagnetic waves are transverse
wave
2. They do not require any medium to travel
through (recall: Radiation Infra red is an EM Wave)
3. They travel at the speed of 3x108 ms-1 in
vacuum (recall: speed of light light is also an EM Wave)
4. They can all be reflected or refracted
5. They can all be emitted or absorbed by
matter
6. They all obey the wave equation
v =f x λ
Where v = speed of wave (m/s)
f = frequency of wave (Hz)
λ = wavelength (m)
7. Their frequencies do not change as
they pass from one medium to
another. However, both their speed
and wavelength will change.
v =f x λ
8. They carry energy frm one place to another
Sound waves
Electromagnetic Waves
Classified into
Properties
Comprises of
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Applications
Gamma rays
Gamma rays have the shortest
wavelengths and highest
frequencies in the EM spectrum.
It is generated by :
Changes in energy levels in the nucleus
X rays is generated by :
a) Rapid deleceration of fast moving
electrons
b) Changes in energy of innermost orbital
electrons
b) ionization chamber
c) phosphorescence
Ultra-violet
The main source of ultra-violet radiation is sunlight and it is this radiation
which gives rise to suntan and also sunburn.
Ultra-violet radiation is used in hospitals to sterilize the surgical
instruments and operating theatres as it kills bacteria and viruses.
UV can be detected by:
a) Photographic plates
b) Photoelectric cell
c) Fluorescence
Visible Light
Visible light is the part of the EM
spectrum which can be detected by the
human eye.
Sound waves
Electromagnetic Waves
Classified into
Properties
Comprises of
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Applications
Some tips to help you to remember:
• EM Spectrum
Raja’s Mother Is Visiting Uncle Xavier’s Garden
Radio Micro Infra-red Visible Ultra-violet X-rays Gamma
wave wave Rays light ray rays