CHAPTER VII

REPUBLIC ACT 10121

-KNOWN AS THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER
RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT ACT
OF 2010. THE ACT STRENGTHENS THE
PHILIPPINE'S DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROVIDING A
FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING
THE NATIONAL RISK REDUCTION AND
MANAGEMENT PLANS AS APPROPRIATING
FUNDS.
IMPORTANT TERMS DEFINED IN RA 10121
DISASTER- a serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or a society involving widespread
human, material, economic or environmental
losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability
of the affected community or society to cope
using its own resources

DISASTER MITIGATION-
the lessening or limitation of the adverse
impacts of hazards and related disasters.
IMPORTANT TERMS DEFINED IN RA 10121
DISASTER the knowledge and capacities developed by
PREPAREDNESS- governments, professional response and
recovery organizations, communities and
individuals to effectively anticipate, respond
to, and recover from, the Impacts of likely,
imminent or current hazard

DISASTER RESPONSE-
the provision of emergency services and
public assistance during or immediately after
a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health
impacts, ensure public safety and meet the
basic subsistence needs of the people
affected.
IMPORTANT TERMS DEFINED IN RA 10121
HAZARD- a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human
activity or condition that may cause loss of
life, injury or other health impacts, property
damage, loss of livelihood and services, social
and economic disruption, or environmental
damage.

REHABILITATION-
ensure the ability of affected
communities/areas to restore their normal
level of functioning by rebuilding livelihood
and damaged infrastructures and increasing
the communities' organizational capacity.
IMPORTANT TERMS DEFINED IN RA 10121
RISK- The combination of the probability of an event
and its negative consequences.

RISK MANAGEMENT-
the systematic approach and practice of
managing uncertainty to minimize potential
harm and loss

VULNERABILITY-
the characteristics and circumstances of a
community, system or asset that make it
susceptible to the damaging effects of a
hazard.
-REFERS TO THE
NATURALLY OCCURING
PROCESSES FOUND IN
EARTH'S GEOSPHERE
EARTHQUAKE
-SHAKING OF THE
EARTH'S SURFACE.
-CAUSED BY A SUDDEN
SLIP IN THE FAULT
THINGS TO DO BEFORE AN
EARTHQUAKE
THINGS TO DO BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE
• AVAIL OF A SEISMIC MAP TO LOCATE ACTIVE
FAULTS
• CHECK POTENTIAL SOURCES OF HAZARDS AT HOME

• HAVE COMMUNICATION PLAN AMONG FAMILY MEMBERS

• HAVE A DISASTER SUPPLY READY

• PRACTICE EVACUATION SKILLS

THINGS TO DO DURING
AN EARTHQUAKE
THINGS TO DO DURING AN EARTHQUAKE
IF INDOORS:
• DROP TO THE FLOOR, COVER YOUR FACE & HEAD WITH
YOUR ARMS. PROCEED TO A SAFE PLACE LIKE UNDER A
STUDY TABLE
• STAY AWAY FROM GLASS, WINDOWS & ANYTHING
THAT CAN FALL

• STAY INSIDE UNTIL SHAKING STOPS & THEN MOVE TO

AN OPEN AREA

• DON'T ELEVATORS
THINGS TO DO DURING
AN EARTHQUAKE
THINGS TO DO DURING AN EARTHQUAKE
IF OUTDOORS:
• STAY WHERE YOU ARE
• STAY AWAY FROM POWER LINES, WALLS, STREET
LIGHTS OR OTHER STRUCTURES THAT MAY FALL

IF IN A MOVING VEHICLE:
• STOP AND STAY INSIDE THE VEHICLE AVOID STOPPING
UNDER TREES, BUILDINGS AND OVERPASSES
• DON'T LIGHT A MATCH
• COVER MOUTH WITH HANDKERCHIEF OR WITH CLOTHING

• TAP A PIPE/WALL OR USE A WHISTLE SO THAT RESCUERS CAN

LOCATE YOU
THINGS TO DO AFTER AN
EARTHQUAKE
THINGS TO DO AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE
• CHECK YOURSELF FOR INJURIES AND APPLY FIRST AID

• AFTER TAKING CARE OF YOURSELF, CHECK THE

PEOPLE AROUND YOU WHO MAY HAVE BEEN INJURED

• DO NOT MOVE SERIOUSLY INJURED PERSON

• GET EVERYONE OUT IF YOUR PLACE IS UNSAFE

• EXPECT AFTERSHOCKS. EACH TIME YOU FEEL ONE

DROP, COVER AND HOLD

• LISTEN TO YOUR BATTERY-OPERATED RADIO OR

TELEVISION FOR UPDATES
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
-RELEASE OF THE GASES
(WATER,CARBON DIOXIDE,
CARBON MONOXIDE & SULFUR
DIOXIDE), LIQUIDS (LAVA), AND
SOLID (PYROCLASTIC, ASH AND
DUST) FROM THE VOLCANO'S
VENT.
-CAN CAUSE LOSS OF LIVES,
DAMAGE TO AGRICULTURE AND
PROPERTIES AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
THINGS TO DO BEFORE A
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
 THINGS TO DO BEFORE A VOLCANIC ERUPTION:
• BEWARE OF WARNING SIGNS INDICATING THAT A VOLCANO
IS ABOUT TO ERRUPT
THIS SIGNS INCLUDE: RUMBLING SOUNDS, VOLCANIC TREMORS, CHANGE IN COLOR OF
STEAM, CRATER GLOW, DRYING OF SPRINGS AND AS WELL PLANTS
• LISTEN TO GOVERNMENT WARNINGS
• PREPARE EMERGENCY KITS THAT INCLUDE NONPERISHABLE
FOODS, WATER, BATTERIES, LIGHT SOURCES, MASK AND RADIOS.
• DISCONNECT ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

• LEAVE THE PERMAMENT DANGER ZONE IMMEDIATELY. AVOID LOW-

LYING AREAS BECAUSE LAVA FLOWS MOST LIKELY TO PASS HERE

• TRANSFER IMMEDIATELY TO HIGHER PLACES OR GOVERNMENT

DESIGNATED EVACUATION AREAS

• SECURE YOUR PETS/LIVESTOCK IN A SAFE ENCLOSED AREA

THINGS TO DO DURING A
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
THINGS TO DO DURING A VOLCANIC ERUPTION

• CLOSE DOORS AND WINDOWS

• COVER YOUR NOSE WITH WET CLOTHES OR PANTS. USE

EYE GOGGLES OR GLASSES INSTEAD OF OUTDOOR
LENSES

• STAY INSIDE THE HOUSE OR EVACUATION CENTER

• COVER ELECTRICAL DEVICES, FOOD AND WATER

CONTAINERS WITH CLOTH OR PLASTIC
• AVOID DRIVING UNLESS NECESSARY
THINGS TO DO AFTER A
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
 THINGS TO DO AFTER A VOLCANIC ERUPTION
• BACK TO YOUR HOMES ONLY IF ADVISED BY THE
LOCAL GOVERNMENT OR AGENCIES

• REMOVE ACCUMULATED ASH ON ROOF OR PLANTS

• LISTEN TO GOVERNMENT ADVISORIES FOR THE LATEST

INFORMATION

• HELP IN THE CLEAN UP OF THE PLACE

• ASSIST INJURED PERSONS

TSUNAMIS
-SERIES OF WAVES CAUSED BY
EARTHQUAKES OR UNDERSEA
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

-ALL TSUNAMIS ARE

POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS.
THEY CAN STRIKE ALONG THE
COASTLINE. DROWNING IS THE
COMMON CAUSE OF DEATH
ASSOCIATED WITH TSUNAMI.
THINGS TO DO BEFORE A
TSUNAMI
 THINGS TO DO BEFORE A TSUNAMI

• IF YOU LIVE IN A COASTLINE AREA, COORDINATE

WITH THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND ASK FOR
TSUNAMI WARNING ARRANGEMENTS

• HAVE AN EMERGENCY KIT READY

• IDENTIFY THE HIGH AREAS AND PLAN AN ESCAPE

ROUTE
THINGS TO DO DURING A
TSUNAMI
 THINGS TO DO DURING A TSUNAMI

• MOVE IMMEDIATELY TO THE NEAREST HIGH

GROUND. BRING YOUR EMERGENCY KIT

• IF YOU CANNOT ESCAPE THE TSUNAMI GO TO THE

HIGHEST FLOOR, CLIMB TO A ROOF OR A TREE OR GRAB
A FLOATING OBJECT

• NEVER GO TO THE SHORE TO WATCH THE TSUNAMI

• LISTEN TO LOCAL ADVISORY

THINGS TO DO AFTER A
TSUNAMI
 THINGS TO DO AFTER A TSUNAMI
• DO NOT RETURN TO YOUR HOME, UNLESS ADVISED
BY THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT/AGENCY

• STAY AWAY FROM FLOODED OR DAMAGED AREAS

• CHECK IF YOU HAVE INJURIES. CONDUCT FIRST AID

AND HELP OTHERS IF YOU CAN

• UPON RETURNING HOME CHECK ANY DAMAGES

 LANDSLIDES
- A SUDDEN, FAST MOVEMENT OF
COHESIVE MASS OF SOIL, ROCKS
OR LEGORITH. LANDSLIDES
CAUSE DEATH AND DAMAGE TO
PROPERTY BY BURYING
STRUCTURES AND
COMMUNITIES. IT ALSO
CCHANGES THE LANDSCAPE
THINGS TO DO BEFORE
LANDSLIDE
 THINGS TO DO BEFORE LANDSLIDE
• CHECK IF YOUR AREA IS RISK FOR LANDSLIDES. GET
INFORMATION SUCH AS GEOHAZARD MAP FROM THE LOCAL
GOVERNMENT. SEEK ASSISTANCE FROM THE LOCAL
GOVERNMENT

• LOOK FOR WARNING SIGNS WHICH INCLUDES THE FF:

- CHANGES IN YOUR LANDSCAPE (LEANING TREES AND SMALL SLIDES OR
FLOWS)
- JAMMED DOORS AND WINDOWS FOR THE FIRST TIME
- NEW CRACKS IN WALLS AND FOUNDATION
- WIDENING CRACKS ON THE GROUND OR IN THE STREETS
- RUMBLING SOUND, TREES CRACKING AND MOVING DEBRIS

• INFORM NEIGHBORS OF ANY INCOMING LANDSLIDE OR

LANDSLIDE THREATS
THINGS TO DO DURING
LANDSLIDE
 THINGS TO DO DURING LANDSLIDE
• GET OUT OF THE HOUSE OR BUILDING WHEN YOU
HEAR RUMBLING SOUNDS

• IF ESCAPE IS NOT POSSIBLE, CURL INTO A TIGHT BALL

AND PROTECT YOUR HEAD
• SEEK REFUGE BEHIND A STURDY TREE

• STAY AWAY FOM THE PATH OF DEBRIS FALL

THINGS TO DO AFTER
LANDSLIDE
 THINGS TO DO AFTER LANDSLIDE
• LISTEN TO THE RADIO FOR THE LATEST
INFORMATION

• CHECK THE SITE OR BUILDING AND ASSES THE

DAMAGE BEFORE RETURNING HOME
• STAY AWAY FORM THE LANDSLIDE AREA

• CHECK YOURSELF IF INJURED. APPLY FIRST AID. SEEK

FOR HELP INJURED PERSONS.

• LOOK FOR AND REPORT DAMAGE TO CONCERNED

PEOPLE
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