REFERAT

Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus (SLE)

Pembimbing : dr. Ahmad Riza Zainal,

Sp.PD
Oleh:
Nihayatul Husnia
201820401011145

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS

MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
BAB 1PENDAULUAN
Latar Belakang
 PTM  faktor utama kematian th 2012
 Di Indonesia  belum diketahui
 Seringterlambat diagnosis
BABII TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
Definisi
 penyakitautoimun multisistem di mana
organ, jaringan, dan sel mengalami
kerusakan yang dimediasi oleh
autoantibodi pengikat jaringan dan
kompleks imun
Epidemologi
20 th – 40 th  L : P = 1 : 10
Etiologi
genetik

lingkungan

hormonal
Patofisiologi

fase
fase
fase inisiasi puncak
propagasi
(flares)
Manifestasi Klinis
konstitusional

demam, pd saat SLE aktif, tp pikirkan

infeksi

mukokutan

Butterfly rush

muskuloskeletal

Bersamaan dgn sinovitis

kardiovaskular

Perkarditis (khas0

Paru

pleurisy

ginjal

Nefritis  pd sebagian besarpx SLE

Neurologis, psikiatri

5-15% pasien

Gastrointestinal

jarang

Hematologi

Anemia  khas
Mata

jarang

Late Lupus Syndrome

kerusakan organ tahap akhir,efek samping

pengobatan

Tampilan Khusus Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik

Kutis Subakut , Neonatus, obat, Sindrom Antibodi

Antifosfolipid

Overlap syndrome
 Anemia
 Temuan labnormokrom trombositosis
normositik

leukopeni Proteinuri
hematuria Sedimen
mikroskopik eritrosit

protein
LED 
reaktif C 
berat
ringan
 aPL
ANA
tidak
95%
spesifik

CSS Biopsi
Diagnosis
 Malar rash: Fixed erythema, flat or raised, over the
malar eminences
 Discoid rash: Erythematous circular raised patches
with adherentkeratotic scaling and follicular
plugging; atrophic scarringmay occur
 Photosensitivity: Exposure to ultraviolet light causes
rash
 Oral ulcers:Includes oral and nasopharyngeal ulcers,
observed byphysician
 Arthritis: Nonerosive arthritis of two or more peripheral
joints, withtenderness, swelling, or effusion
 Serositis: Pleuritis or pericarditis documented by
ECG or rub orevidence of effusion
 Renal disorder: Proteinuria >0.5 g/d or ≥3+, or
cellular casts
 Neurologic disorder : Seizures or psychosis without
other causes
 Hematologic disorder: Hemolytic anemia or
leukopenia (<4000/µL) or lymphopenia (<1500/µL)
or thrombocytopenia(<100,000/µL) in the absence
of offending drugs
 Immunologic disorder: Anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm,
and/or anti-phospholipid Antinuclear antibodies
If ≥4 of these criteria, well documented, are
present at any time in a patient's history, the
diagnosis is likely to be SLE. Specificity is
~95%: sensitivity is ~75%.
Tatalaksana
 Tujuandari terapi adalah mengurangi
gejala dan melindungi organ dengan
mengurangi peradangan dan atau
tingkat aktifitas autoimun di tubuh
farmakologi
 NSAID
 Koertikosteroid
 Hydroxychloroquine
 mycophenolate mofetil
 dialisis atau transplantasi ginjal
Non farmakologi
 Menghindari sinar matahari
Prognosis
 Angka 5-year survival dan 10-year survival
SLE
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
 Sudoyo AW, Setiyohadi B, Alwi I, Simadibrata M, Setiati S. Buku Ajar
Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid II edisi V. Jakarta: Interna Publishing; 2009
 Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Longo DL, Braunwald E, Hauseer SL, Jameson
JL. Harrison’s principles of internal medicine. 17th ed. USA: McGraw-
Hill; 2005.
 Maidhof W, Hilas O. Lupus: An Overview of the Disease And
Management Options. P&T. Vol.37. No.4. April 2012.
 Rahman A, Isenberg DA. Mechanisms of Disease Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus. N Engl J Med 2008;358:929-39
 Ginzler E, and Tayar J. American College of Rheumatology. © 2012
American College of Rheumatology.
 Cervera R, Espinosa G, D’Cruz D. Systemic Lupus Erythematous:
Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnosis. Eular On-line
Course on Rheumatic Diseases – module n°17. 2007-2009
TERIMAKASIH