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Business Research

• Objective
– Is to learn the research methods and techniques for rational decision
making.
– Is to enhance the ability of solving the business problem.
– Is to get hands-on-experience on computer software for business
application.

• Methodology
– Interactive discussion, case study, project work, computer based
learning.

• Benefit
– Rational Decision Making
– Business Report
Business Report
1. Topic
2. Executive summary
3. Table of contents
4. Introduction
5. Objective of the study
6. Methodology of the study
(a) Data Collection
(i) Secondary Sources e.g. company report, internet, etc.
(ii) Primary Sources e.g. observation, questionnaire
(b) Sample Design
7. Data Analysis (Graphical, Tabular, Quantitative Tools)
8. Findings
9. Limitations
10. Recommendations
11. Bibliography/List of references
• 1. Topics or title of the report
– Write few words about the problems

• 2. Executive summary
– Summary or abstract of the whole report

• 3. Table of contents
– Contents in the whole report with page number

• 4. Introduction
– Background of the study, about company, about variables, target group,
respondent, area of the study, etc. and review of certain literature
related to this study

• 5. Objective of the report


– It should be clearly stated in a line or two which tells exactly what it is
that the investigator expects to do
• 6. Methodology of the report
– It is a way to present the facts very systematically.
– Discuss various steps generally adopted to analyzing the situation.

• It consists of two stages


– Data collecting stage
• Primary data, which are collected afresh and for the first time e.g. data collection by
observation, interview, questionnaire, delphi methods etc.
• Secondary data, which has already been collected by someone else and process
through statistical technique e.g. company report, internet, etc.
– Data processing stage
• by qualitative or quantitative technique with the help of software

• Sample Design
– Sample size should neither excessively large nor too small, it should be
optimum so that it can represent the whole population.
– There are two methods of sample size determination;
• probability sampling methods
• non-probability sampling methods
• 7. Data Analysis
– Tabulation and graphical analysis based on computation of frequency,
percentage, average, etc. by applying well defined statistical formulae
– Relationship or differences between variables can be determine by using
• Correlation
• Analysis of Variance
• Regression
– Hypothesis if any formulated can be test by
• Chi-square test
• t-test
• F-test

• 8. Findings

• 9. Limitations

• 10. Recommendations for action

• 11. Bibliography/List of references


Research applications in marketing

• Market potential analysis; market segment analysis, and


demand estimation.
• Market structure analysis includes market size, players and
market share of the key players.
• Product Research: New product, product testing and
development, product differentiation and positioning,
packaging research, brand research, etc.
• Pricing Research: Price determination, evaluating customer
value, competitor pricing strategies, alternative pricing.
• Promotional Research: Design of advertisement, impact of
alternative media vehicle, competitor strategy.
• Place Research: Location analysis, planning design of
distribution channels.
Research applications in finance

• Forecasts of financial interest-rate trends


• Stock, bond, and commodity value predictions
• Capital formation alternatives
• Mergers and acquisitions
• Risk-return trade-offs
• Impact of taxes
• Portfolio analysis
• Research on financial institutions
• Expected rate of return
• Capital asset pricing models
• Credit risk
• Cost analysis
Research applications in human resources

 Training & development studies: Training need gap analysis,


training development modules, assessing impact and
effectiveness of training.
 Selection and staffing studies: Pre and on the job employee
assessment and analysis.
 Performance Management: Leadership analysis,
organizational climate and work environment study, talent and
aptitude analysis, organizational change implementation.
 Organization planning and development : Cultural
assessment, manpower planning and development
 Incentive and benefits studies: Recognition reward studies,
compensation analysis, performance appraisal.
 Other area: Labour studies, negotiation and wage studies,
attrition studies.
Research applications in operations management

• Operation planning and design: Product and service


design and development, resource allocation and capacity
planning.
• Demand forecasting and demand estimation

• Process planning: Production scheduling and material


requirement, work design planning.
• Project management and maintenance effectiveness studies
• Logistics and supply chain-design and evaluation
• Quality estimations and assurance studies
Criteria for Research

• MUST have: a clearly stated research purpose / objective

• MUST have: a sequential plan of execution

• MUST have: a logical and explicitly stated justification for the


selected methods

• MUST have: an unbiased and neutral method of conduct and


reporting

• MUST have: complete transparency and ethical conduction of


the research process

• MUST have: provision for being reliable & replicable


Session No. Topics to be covered Readings (prepare Case Study / Preparation (pre
for next class) Assignments + post) Time
Session 1 Introduction, Research: Hypothesis Online Booking, Keep 1hr
Problem, Hypothesis and Your City Clean
Design
Session 2 Data Collection: Primary Sampling, Central The Pink Dilemma, 2hr
and Secondary, Tendency and Outlook of Outlook
Measurement and Scaling Dispersion QUIZ-1

Session 3 Questionnaire Design, Presentation of Data Outlook and Outlook 2hr


Sampling, Data (Graph and Table), Hybrid Car
Processing, Graphical and Chi-square Test QUIZ-2
Tabular Analysis
Session 4 Univariate and Correlation and t- Hybrid Car 3hr
Multivariate Analysis, Test Computer Lab
Cross Tabulation
Session 5 Correlation and Analysis of Variance Hybrid Car 4hr
Comparative Study (t- and Regression Computer Lab
Test)
Session 6 Test of Variability (F-Test) Hybrid Car 4hr
and Relationship Study, Computer Lab
Report Writing and
Presentation

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