NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , KURUKSHETRA

SCHOOL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

“GRAPHENE OXIDE - POLYETHERIMIDE COMPOSITE FOR

AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS”

By
SUBHADIP MONDAL
Roll No. - 31609113

Under the Supervision of

Dr. ASHAVANI KUMAR

Prof.& Coordinator
School of Materials Science & Technology
 CONTENT
 Introduction to Composite Material
 Why Composite Material is used in Aerospace
 Graphene oxide Preparation Method
 Characterization (FTIR &UV-VIS) of Graphene Oxide
 Why Polyetherimide is selected as a matrix material
 References
 What Is Composite Materials
Composite material is a material composed of two or more distinct
phases(matrix phase and dispersed phase) which are chemically &
physically different.
Composites are used because overall properties of the composites are
superior to those of the individual components.
The primary phase, having a continuous character, is called matrix. Matrix
is usually more ductile and less hard phase. It holds the dispersed phase and
shares a load with it.
The second phase which is embedded in the matrix is called dispersed
phase. Dispersed phase is usually stronger than the matrix, therefore it is
called reinforcing phase.
Why Composite Materials is used in Aerospace
 High strength to weight ratio (low density high tensile strength)
 High creep resistance
 High tensile strength at elevated temperatures
 High toughness
 Creep and fatigue strength are better.
 Composite maintain their weight even at high temperature.
 Higher specific strength than metals, non metals and even alloys.
 High glass Transition temperature.
 Graphene Oxide Preparation Method
108ml concentrated H2SO4
& 12ml H3PO4 (9:1 volume
ratio) mixture was prepared
Mixture was stirred in a 980c
water bath for 1hr while 230
ml DI water is added dropwise
Brown colour
is coming
After
DI water was further added so cooling
that the volume of the
suspension was 400ml
Setup an
Acid mixture was poured
ice bath
slowly into the mixture of 5g of
Graphite powder & 2.5g NaNO3
Mixture was stirred for 4hr in an
ice bath & after that stirred in a
400c water bath for 1hr
15ml H2O2 was added slowly
into the suspension & light
yellow colour was coming
Material was dried at 600c for 24hr
& a brown-black powder Graphene
oxide sample was obtained
Solution continuously stirring
in an ice bath for 1hr and
maintained temperature 50c
Temperature must
be below 200c
15g KMnO4 slowly added into
the mixture within 1 hr span
to prevent overheating
Solution was centrifuged &
washed with DI water and 5 %
HCL solution repeatedly
 FTIR Spectra of Graphene oxide

Experimental FT-IR spectra of grapheme oxide Theoretical FT-IR spectra of grapheme oxide
 UV-VIS Spectra of Graphene oxide

UV-vis spectra of graphene oxide Tauc plot of graphene oxide

 Why select Polyetherimide as a Matrix Material
Polyetherimide is a high performance engineering thermoplastic.
Compressive Strength – 140-180 Mpa
Young’s Modulus – 3.4-5.6 Gpa
Elongation at break – 3-34 %
Flexural Modulus – 3.4-5.9 Gpa
Flexural Strength – 140-210 Mpa
Tensile Strength – 110-160 Mpa
Density – 1.27 g-cm-3
Glass Transition Temperature - 210°c
Poisson’s ratio – 0.44
Hardness – 125(Rockwell)
Dielectric constant – 3.2

 Better mechanical properties than polypropylene and epoxy. So, we used it instead of epoxy.
 This is very light weight composite with very high strength. So, we can use it in Aerospace engineering.
 Silica functionalize graphene oxide reinforcement with Polyetherimide increases the mechanical behavior of
the material.
 Polyetherimide (PEI) is a high performance thermoplastic polymer that retains its properties at elevated and
cryogenic temperatures.
 Nanofiller reinforced PEI used in aerospace structures will substantially reduce the payload.
 Polyetherimide is low-coefficient of thermal expansion.
 Polyetherimide is highly resistant to most of the solvents, environmental attack, radiation effect(UV rays).
 References
 Synthesis of Graphene Oxide (GO) by Modified Hummers Method and Its Thermal Reduction to Obtain Reduced
Graphene Oxide (rGO) DOI:10.4236/graphene.2017.61001

 Study on mechanical, morphological and electrical properties of carbon nanofiber/polyetherimide composites

DOI:10.1016/j.mseb.2007.06.002

 Surface modification of carbon nanotubes using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to improve mechanical properties of

nanocomposite based polymer matrix DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.05.148

 Mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of aluminum nitride/polyetherimide composites

DOI:10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.06.009

 Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes with Chemically Grafted Polyetherimides DOI: 10.1021/ja050924s

 Silica-containing polyetherimide hybrid films based on methyltriethoxysilane as precursor of inorganic network

DOI:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.04.009

 Process optimization of functionalized MWCNT/polyetherimide nanocomposites for aerospace application

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.04.081

 Enhanced mechanical properties of silanized silica nanoparticle attached graphene oxide/epoxy composites
DOI:10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.02.018