THE SEED

OF PHILIPPINE
NATIONALISM
The Meaning of Nationalism
 Simply the love of our country with all
its inhabitants finding commonality in
aspiration towards a goal that
transcends local borders.
THE MOST IMPORTANT ELEMENT OF NATIONALISM

 a sense of belonging expressed in the recognition

and appreciation of a common historical past and
cultural tradition
 INFLUENTIAL FACTORS TO THE BIRTH
OF PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM
 The Opening of the Philippines to the
World Trade(1834-1898)
 Rise of the Middle Class
 Opening of the Suez Canal
 1762 British Occupation
 Spanish Revolution(1868)
 Liberalism of Carlos Maria de la Torre
Continue…
Cont.
 Influx of Liberal Ideas from other
Western Countries
 Secularization of Parishes
 Cavite Mutiny of 1878
 Gomburza Martyrdom
 The Opening of the Philippines to the
World Trade (1834-1898)
 Spain instituted a series of reforms in
the economic policies.
 Abolition of the traditional
monopolistic trade practices.
 Spanish gov’t had initiated the policy
of attraction for foreign investment in
the Philippines.
 RISE OF THE MIDDLE CLASS
 Philippines entered into its golden
age
 Earned an influential economic status
activity
 During the period was the
modernization of the country
cont….
Cont.
-Mail Service, 1st Philippine Bank Issue,
establishment of Hotel de Oriente in
Binondo, 1st newspaper.
Influx of Liberal Ideas
 Suez Canal – opened on November 17,
1869
 The political ideas of Voltaire, Rousseau, Locke,
Montesquieu, Jefferson, & Western philosophers

 Masonry – A civic organization very much popular in

many European countries.

- It became instrumental in putting into context the

spirit of liberalism in Europe and subjugated lands.
Spanish Revolution of 1868
 Spanish revolution of 1868 – a bloodless
revolution that resulted in the
overthrow of Queen Isabella II (1836-
1868)
 Serrano and Prim – two able generals of
the Spanish Military Force
 France – it is where Queen Isabella II
live in self-exile.
Cont..
 Provisional gov’t – established by Serrano
which lasted for 2 years
 It implemented liberal constitution for
Spain.
 Political and civil rights – one of the most
important provision in the constitution
 Freedom of speech, press, religion and
assembly were enforced in Spain and in all her
colonies
 Intelligentsia – middle class
Liberalism of Carlos Maria de la
Torre
 Carlos Maria de la Torre – an able
soldier and a liberal leader who was
appointed as the new Gov. General of
the Philippines after the Spanish
Revolution 1868
 He gave recognition to the leadership
potentials of the middle class by
inviting them to assume positions in
the bureaucracy.
Cont…
 de la Torre - abolished flogging as a
form of punishment for Filipino
deserters and replaced it with a
month suspension
 His greatest achievement was the
peaceful settlement of the agrarian
unrest in Cavite.
 Camerino – the leader of the revolt
- he was pardoned along with his
followers
Cont…
 Guisas de la Torre – a police force of
which some members were the rebel
returnees
 Liberty Parade – held to celebrate the
adoption of the constitution
 Father Jose Burgos – a Spanish mestizo
who was known as a supporter of de
la Torre
Cont…
 Manifest to the Noble Spanish Nation – an
article by Burgos which criticized the
Spaniards who barred Filipinos from
the priesthood and government
service out of their own racial
prejudice
 Gregorio Meliton Martinez – archbishop
of Manila who wrote to the Spanish
regent advocating secularization
Secularization of Parishes
 Population increase – prompted the
need for the establishments of
parishes throughout the pacified
areas of the country
 Lack of Parish personnel – pushed the
religious orders to open their
membership to young native Filipinos
who had been inspired by arduous
desire to serve God.
Cont…
 B. D. Francisco Baluyut – the first
known Indio priest
 1583 – Philip II proclaimed that parish
administration rightfully fell on the
jurisdiction of the seculars
 Royal Decree 1753 – asserted that the
secular priest must fill in the vacancy
left by any regular priest
Cont…
 In 1870 – only 181 out of 792
parishes in the island were under
Filipino priests
 1768 – Jesuits were expelled
 The seculars took over many parishes
in Manila, Cavite and Visayas
 Seculars – Filipino priests
 Regulars – Spanish friars
Cont…
 Father Pedro Pelaez – most prominent
figure that stood out in defense of the
rights of the Filipino clergy
 He died due to 1863 earthquake.
 Manila Cathedral was destroyed and
he was one of the casualties
 His patriotic zeal was carried on by
fathers Burgos, Gomez and Zamora