Renewable Energy in

Indonesia
Indonesia
30th October 2019

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Definition
● Energy produced from sources that do not deplete or can be replenished
within a human’s lifetime (www.studentenergy.org)
● Energy that collected from renewable resources, which are naturally
replenished on human timescale (www.en.wikipedia.org)
● Energy produced using natural resources that are constantly replaced and
never run out(www.arena.gov.au)
● Example: sunlight, wind, tidal, waves, hydro and geothermal heat.

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Existing Condition
Total Capacity Installed: 59,146 MW

Total RE Installed: 7,383 MW (12,54%)

● Utility Scale Wind, Solar: 189 MW (0.3%)

● Distributed: 509 MW (0.8%)

Renewable Energy Targets: 23% in 2025 and 29% in 2030

Sources: Indonesia Energy Outlook 2019

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Power plant Installed Capacity 2018
Installed Capacity of total
Power Plant until 2018 is
64,5 GW (3% growth from
2017)

www.pln.co.id |
Targets

www.pln.co.id |
Comparison

www.pln.co.id |
Solar Project in Vietnam

www.pln.co.id |
Load Curve Evolution
• Balancing Supply and Demand
• Flexibility
• Variability
• Uncertainty
• Data accuracy
• Frequency Regulation
• Voltage Stabilization

www.pln.co.id |
Trend In Power System Planning and Operation

● Reliability Planning requires more high-quality temporal and spatial data to

characterize diverse generation resources
● Treat RE like conventional power plant, removing priority dispatch (Visible,
dispatchable, curtailable, schedulable, able to provide ancillary services)
● Advanced modelling
● Market signals can help access flexibility from across energy system
(long term and short-term investment)

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Flexibility
● The ability of a power system to respond to change in demand and supply
● Bigger RE penetration is the bigger Net Load

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Sources of Flexibility
No Institutional Physical
● Storage is one of the solution for
flexibility 1 Speed of Scheduling Non-VRE Generation
Dispatch Fleet
● Institutional means by regulation,
2 Balancing Area Renewable with active
grid code, standard, planning, Cooperation Power
etc 3 Forecasting New Loads (EV)
● Physical means by adding 4 Demand Response Storage
equipment, upgrade the
5 Curtailment Transmission
infrastructure, etc
6 Reserves

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Power System Flexibility Interventions

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Why Batteries?

● Decreasing of battery’s
price 20% annually
(BloombergNEF)
● Cause : technology
improvement, economies
of scale and manufacture
competition
What the needs?
● Consumption and production must be balanced continuously and
instantaneously
● Supply electric power to consumer must be reliably and economically
● Flexibility
Solar and Wind (VRE) is variable (varies with the times) and uncertain (actual
power can be different from the forecast)

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Defining Cost Performance and Characteristics

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Global Storage Deployment by Technology

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What happen, When we add RE?

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Providing Multiple services at
different times, at different
timescales to different ‘users’

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BESS in Australia 100 MW

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Power Sector Planning and Analysis
Current Power Sector Plan: Electricity Supply Business Plan Book

Is this currently being What are the needed updates

Stakeholders
performed? and data?

Ministry of Energy (KESDM),

Capacity Expansion:
Long term
generation/transmission
Macro economics, demand,
National Development Planning
Yes new technology, emission rule,
Agency, PLN (Indonesia
current capacity
National Electric Company)

Ministry of Energy (KESDM), Fuel Price, Capacity Factor,

Production Cost:
Unit commitment and
dispatch simulation
PLN Load Dispatch Center Load Factor, Outage Plan,
Yes
(UIP2B), Independent Power Weather Forecasting, demand
Producers (IPP) forecasting

Power Flow: PLN Load Dispatch Center Operation Planning, Daily Load
Yes
Network reliability (UIP2B) Curve

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Bulk Energy Storage Status
Existing Storage Resources: Pumped Hydro Storage 1040 MW (Under
Construction) and COD in 2024

Storage services needed:

● Peaking capacity
● Voltage support
● Transmission and distribution upgrade deferral
● Ancillary services (spinning reserve, frequency regulation, contingency, black
start, etc.)
● Energy arbitrage

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Bulk Energy Storage Roadmap
Needed Policy and/or
Key Stakeholders Planning and Data Needs
Regulatory Interventions

Ministry of Energy
Action 1.
(KESDM), Ministry of
(Battery Storage as
Finance (KEMENKEU),
mandatory part of VRE)
PLN and IPPs
Interconnection Study,
Tax exemption,
Financial and Regulation
Tarif adjustment
Analysis

Action 2. Ministry of Energy

(Pilot a large scale storage
project to provide multiple
services)
Interconnection Study,
(KESDM), Ministry of
Funding and market mechanism Financial and Regulation
Finance (KEMENKEU),
Analysis
and PLN

Ministry of Energy
Action 3. (KESDM), Ministry of Interconnection Study,
(Create an ancillary Finance (KEMENKEU), Market regulation, grid code Financial and Regulation
services market) and PLN Analysis

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Distributed Energy Resources

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distributed energy resources Roadmap
Key Stakeholders: PLN

DER Goals: National Renewable Energy Target (23% in 2025 and 29% in
2030), Electrification Ratio Target

DER Technology Deployment: Rooftop PV and EVs

Grid Codes and Interconnection Processes: Update Existing Grid Code by PLN
and Related Ministry to National Grid Code

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Distributed Energy Roadmap
Key Stakeholders:
Needed Policy and/or Regulatory
Key Stakeholders Planning and Data Needs
Interventions

Action 1. Ministry of Energy (KESDM), Electricity production, intensity,

Revision of compensation mechanism
(Incentivize DPV + Ministry of Finance installed capacity, and
from net billing to net metering
storage deployment) (KEMENKEU), PLN and IPPs configuration

Ministry of Energy (KESDM),

Action 2.
Ministry of Finance
(Streamline Technical review on behaviour
(KEMENKEU), PLN and IPPs Financial mechanism
interconnection and capabilities of procumer
processes)

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DER Business Model Pilot
Goal: To increase energy mix, to achieve GHG emission reduction target,
reduce fuel cost, and deferred transmission upgrade

Technology: PV, EVs and Storage

Model: BYOD or Utility Owned

Customer benefits: Reliability, Incentive, and Energy Sovereign

Utility Benefits: Flexibility and Power System Stability

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