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Datez Event
April 1, 1941 President Quezon created the CEA (Civilian
Emergency Administration) with branches in
the provinces and towns.
July 10, 1941 Blackout practices were held, wherein Manila
was the first place to took on that night.
Pres. Roosevelt called back Douglas McArthur
July 26, 1941 to had active service and took command of the
newly-formed USAFFE. In lied with this Army
command 100,000 Filipino soldiers were
inducted whom McArthur trained.
  This was the outbreak of the war, “Extra! Extra! JAPAN
z RAIDS HAWAII”. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor,
mightiest U.S. naval base at exactly 2:30 am of the
same date. In American time, it was 7:55 am on the 7th
of December 1941, where Pres. Roosevelt said, - “a
date which will live in infamy”.
December
8, 1941  First Japanese Air Attacks on the Philippines: After the
Pearl Harbor attack, Japanese air squadrons swept
Philippines skies where Davao was the first to be
bombed, air attack took place at 6:30 am. Tuguegarao,
Baguio, Iba Tarlac and Clark Field were raided. Clark
Field was the most destructive making American Air
Forces blasted.
  City of Manila had been air raid awakening the sleeping
z residents by the wailing alarm of the sirens. Japanese
December 9,
planes soared over the moonlit city and bombed the
1941
Nichols Field. A bursting flak filled the sky when the
USAFFE anti-craft batteries took action.
 Japanese invasion begins: They made their successful
landing at Aparri and Vigan in Northern Luzon. More
assault forces in Legazpi in Southern Luzon.
December 10,
 At noon, they bombed the U.S Navy Yard at Cavite,
1941 raided Nichols Field and Fort Mckinley which Captain
Jesus Villamor and two other Filipino pilots bravely
engaged in the battle. Villamor was the first one whom
to win fame in aerial combat. And was awarded as the
Distinguished Service Cross by Gen. McArthur.
  Captain Villamor together with five other Filipino airmen
z attacked two enemy formations of 27 planes each at
Batangas wherein two planes of Japanese were shot down
however losing two men – Lt. Cesar Basa and Lt. Geronimo
Aclan.
December  Cheerless Christmas had begun due to the fighting raged in
11, Luzon’s battle areas, more bombing on Manila and other
places. There was no traditional Misa de Gallo when
1941
December 16th came since it was suspended because of the
exigencies of the war

 Two days later, Japanese started to bombed the Visayas

part for the first time particularly the Iloilo City, blowing up
gasoline stores and inflicting heavy wreck on Camp
Delgado.
  President Quezon was accompanied by his family
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December 24, and War Cabinet to move to Corregidor, where
Commonwealth Gov’t was transferred leaving
1941
behind Secretary Jorge Vargas, Justice Jose P.
Laurel and other officials to look after the people’s
welfare.
 A cheerless and dreary Christmas. Japanese
December 25, planes soared over Manila and dropped
propaganda leaflets twice and bombed the Nicolas
1941
field as they returned. They also strafed the
crowded Pagsanjan -bound passenger train at
College Junction, Laguna where may were killed
and wounded.
  General McArthur put into effect the WPO-3
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(War Plan Orange No. 3) provided for the
withdrawal of all USAFFE forces to Bataan
Peninsula, where last stand against the
December enemy invaders was made. The retreat
23, 1941 towards Bataan of the two armies, Northern
USAFFE fighting in Northern Luzon under
Gen. Jonathan Wainwright and Southern army
In Southern Luzon under gen. Albert Jones.
December  General McArthur declared Manila as an
26, 1941 “Open City” while the northern and southern
armies were retreating to Bataan.
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 President Roosevelt sent a message

December to Filipinos, “I give to the people of
29, 1941 the Philippines my solemn pledge
that their freedom will be redeemed
and their independence established
and protected.
 Second Commonwealth Presidential Inauguration at
z Corregidor tunnel.
 Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos administered the oath of
office to President Quezon and Vice -Pres. Osmeña.
Elected members of the Philippine Congress were sworn
December 30, into office by Justice Jose P. Melencio at Jose Yulo;s
residence in Manila.
1941
 Japanese invaders enter Manila by the last day of 1941.
Manila was stunned by the news that forces were
converging the city. Designated as Mayor of Greater
Manila, Jorge Vargas authorizes the city to took
precautionary measures for a peaceful entry of the enemy.
Residents were warned to have peace and order as well
as posting large signs reading “OPEN CITY! NO
SHOOTING”
  Japanese invaders entered Manila were many
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January Filipinos bravely stayed out of doors and curiously
watched the cavalcading troops.
2, 1942
 Bataan’s Heroic Stand: General Homma hurled his
troops against the USAFFE lines in Bataan. A battle
that was on Day and Night, week after week, the
fierce raged. Filipinos and Americans fought side by
January side as brothers – in -arms. However, defenders
9, 1942 faced a hopeless situation, had no air and naval
support, insufficiently equipped and outnumbered,
starved for food, medicines and ammunitions.
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 Gallant Exploit if Sergeant Calugas,
Filipino army cook, Mess Sergeant Jose
Calugas of the Philippines Scouts,
January 15, courageously manned an abandoned
1942 canon and delayed the advancing
Japanese invaders, saving his retreating
comrades from annihilation . He was
awarded the Congressional Medal of
Honor, the highest military decoration
given by the US Gov’t to a soldier.
  General Homma, in an attempt to cut off the USAFFE’s
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First Corps from its communication and supply lines,
ordered the 20th Japanese Infantry to attack the left
flank from the rear. Igorot Company of the 11th Infantry,
11th Division, resisted the enemy assault and died to
February the last man.
 USAFFE High command immediately ordered to
1942
attack by a tank unit of the 194th Tank Battalion,
supported by infantrymen – Igorot soldiers
 McArthur flees to Australia, President Roosevelt
ordered McArthur to go to Australia and take command
of the newly-formed Southwest Pacific Area due to the
epic Battle of Bataan.
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 General McArthur left Corregidor
in four fast PT boats,
March 11, accompanied by his family, his
1942 military staff and two naval
officers – Rear Admiral H. G.
Rockwell and Captain Harold G.
Ray.
  After landing at Bachelor Filed General McArthur told the
z world: “I came through and I shall return”.

 THE FALL OF BATAAN: Lt. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright

succeeded McArthur as commander of USAFFE now
changed to USIP (United States Forces of the Philippines).
March He occupied McArthur’s headquarters in Corregidor and
directed gallant defense of Bataan where Filipinos and
17, 1942 Americans bravely fought on with tenacious courage. They
continued to fight despite of Tokyo Rose propaganda, but the
much awaited “miles of convoy from Australia” such as
reinforcements, foods and armaments never came. Still from
the deep tunnel of Corregidor, Voice of Freedom radio station
of USAFFE proudly broadcasts :”BATAAN STILL STANDS!”
March  Japanese dropped leaflets in empty beer cans attached to
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red and white cloth streamers on Bataan containing a
21, message to Gen. Wainwright urging him to surrender but he
1942 continued to fight.
 General Homma unleashed the full fury of an all-out
Japanese offensive in Bataan. Thousands of Japanese
infantrymen were fully armed and pounded the Fil-American
April lines. They bombed foxholes, hospitals and ammunition
3, 1942 dumps of Bataan making it all doomed. The defenders
weakened by hunger, disease, and fatigue fought fiercely as
died as heroes . the crack divisions of General Lim and
Captain Capinpin were torn to bits by the plunging lesions of
the Rising Sun.
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 General Edward P. King, American
Commander of the forces of Bataan
surrendered in order to stop the
April 9, carnage and prevent further killing of
the helpless defenders. The VOICE
1942
OF FREEDOM proudly shouts to the
world: “Bataan has fallen, but the
spirit that made it stand - a beacon
to all the liberty-loving peoples of
the world – cannot fall! ”
  DEATH MARCH: More than76,000 USAFFE forces
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including 66,000 Filipinos laid down their arms in
Bataan. This was the greatest capitulation is US military
history said John Toland. Aside from these war
prisoners, there were 2,600 civilian refugees (men,
April women and children) were trapped behind the USAFFE

10, lines.
 This infamous march’ began in Mariveles and
1942 Cabcaben, were prisoners weakened by hunger, thirst,
sickness and fatigue, painfully trudged at the points of
Japanese bayonets along the road to San Fernando,
passing through Limay, Balanga, Orani amd Lubao
  Execution of Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos
z Martyrdom of Chief Justice Abad Santos: General Kiyotaki
Kawaguchi, commander of Japanese forces interrogated Abad
Santos and asked him to take the oath of allegiance to Japan and
collaborate with Japanese military authorities. But he refused with
May 2, courage and dignity saying: “I cannot accede, General, to the
things you ask of me. To obey your command is tantamount to
1942 being a traitor to the United States and to my country, I would
prefer to die rather than to live in shame”.
 Many time he was asked and forced to collaborate with the
Japanese but he always refused therefore he condemned to die.
Before his execution, he was given permission to say goodbye to
his son. His son cried and he comforted him saying “Do not cry
Pepito. Show these people that you are brave. It is a rare
opportunity for me to die for our country. Not everyone is
given that chance”.
  Corregidor fell : Nearly 12,000 Fil-American
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soldiers were taken prisoner. General Wainwright
suffered humiliation at the hands of his captor,
May 6, General Homma. After he was taken to Manila, he
1942 personally head over and order to all sector
commanders throughout to cease further
resistance to Japanese arms and surrender their
forces to the nearest Japanese army authorities.
May 10,  Mayor -General William F. Sharpe Jr. commander
of the Visayan Mindanao forces in compliance with
1942
the order, surrendered to Japanese in Malaybalay,
Bukidnon.
  General Roxas Saved by a Chivalric
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Japanese officer:
After the execution of Abad Santos,
General Roxas was ordered by General
May 11, Yoshihide Hayashi, Director – General of the
Japanese Military Admin to be executed for
1942
refusing to collaborate with Japan. Fortunately,
a Christian Japanese officer Lt. Col. Nobuhiko
Jimbo, a man of humanity and chivalric credo
intervened and saved his life. this only showed
that not all Japanese were barbarians.
  Col. Jimbo brought Roxas to Manila in a
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Japanese war plane. Jimbo immediately took
Roxas directly to his home, where his family
was waiting for and welcomed the returning
November hero and his savior with tears of joy.
22, 1942  Guerilla Welfare: Not all people surrendered
to Japan, many soldiers and officers who
had escaped from Bataan and other
battlefields and numerous patriotic civilians
secretly organized themselves into guerilla.
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