Launch Broadband

• In our case study of a state university, new applications like video conferencing,
video streaming, video surveillance, social media, and the high demands of
scientific research facilities started to negatively impact network performance.
• One solution to the problem would be to put SONET or SDH carriers
independently on each fiber. However, laying fiber is very costly and disruptive,
so other options were investigated.
• The university calculated that it would be more economical to
purchase Broadband (BB) cards that enable multiple SONET or SDH signals to be
combined (aggregated) on a point-to-point Optical Transport Network (OTN)
using the original pair of optical cables.
• This point-to-point BB configuration could achieve rates of 100 Gb/s and higher
on a single pair of fibers as long as their distances were less than 80Km to
100Km, though you should note that exact distance specifications vary widely
based on many factors like fiber type, connectors, and the specific equipment in
use.
Launch Converged Packet-Optical Solution
• The Ciena 6500 Converged Packet Optical Solutions handle layer zero
through layer two functions on the OSI model. Layer zero isn’t always
called out separately, but Ciena’s innovations have required us to represent
additional capabilities that increase bandwidth and range in the photonic
layer with multiple wavelengths carried on the same pair of fibers--all
these functions happen beneath what we have traditionally called layer 1.
Ciena’s integration of the three networking layers into a single platform
provides customizable service delivery from the metro edge (sometimes
referred to as the last mile), between data centers, and along the backbone
core that may run across ocean floors or continents. The Converged
platform allows networks to scale for future growth and are designed to
support Photonic, Broadband OTN (Optical Transport Network), MSPP
(SONET and SDH platforms), Packet, Data Layer 2 Applications, and OTN
switched configurations.
• “A single network with the capacity to carry a combination of data
,data,voice and vedio traffic that is called Converged network”.
Launch 6500 Platforms
• The 6500 is used in a variety of applications that range from small branch offices deploying a 2-slot shelf up
to large telecommunication carriers deploying tens of thousands of 6500 network elements. In order to start
understanding the complexity of a single platform that can operate in so many environments, we are going
to look at a case study of a university system that represents a middle-ground between very small
deployments and large carriers. Though we will be talking about a university, don't forget that the lessons
we learn are widely applicable to all the industries where the 6500 is used. Many universities have big
campuses that may span a few kilometers between buildings. Traditional copper cable has distance and
speed limitations. Due to those limitations fiber is the choice for reach, bandwidth, and signal quality and is
used between major campus nodes. Our case study begins a long time ago when a mid-sized university
wanted to improve its network performance. They wanted to support their existing telephone systems and
data services that distributed data with electrical DS1, DS3, and gigabit Ethernet signals. They didn't want to
replace everything all at once.
• For a long time, SONET (US) and S-D-H (Europe) were the protocols that dominated campus networks.
Ciena's M-S-P-P solution provided the aggregation of these signals into a SONET OC-48 signal over a single
pair of fibers, shown here by a red line. This allowed the university to reach speeds up to 2.5Gb/s and to
travel several kilometers between key campus locations, referred to as nodes. At these nodes, the
university's old network infrastructure would take over. The 6500 product line began with the support for
SONET/SDH protocols with the MSPP configuration that is used to aggregate SONET/SDH and Gigabit
Ethernet client signals. The MSPP platform supports electrical DS1s, DS3s for SONET and E1s, E3s for SDH
customers, as well as optical signals that include OC-3, 12, 48 and OC-192 for SONET based clients, and
STM1, 4, 16 and 64 for SDH based clients. The MSPP platform would combine these client signals (we call
this aggregation) and transport them through optical circuit packs over fiber in the network. When MSPP
was originally deployed, the 10Gb/s capacity on a pair of fibers seemed unlimited. Even as SONET and SDH
expanded to 40Gb/s, it was clear that it wasn't fast enough for the newest bandwidth-hungry applications.
Launch Photonic Layer
• Networking performance and connectivity has become a mission critical function of any large organization.
• At one time, campuses, military bases, research facilities, or even banks and commodities traders all operated their own individual
networks (LANs) at each location but they would lease their connectivity between sites.
• Today the speed, security, and cost requirements of many large institutions demand that they control the interconnectivity of their
sites.
• In our University example, the state decided to use an existing state-wide fiber network to combine the networks of all the
university campuses.
• Ciena's Photonic Layer or (PL) solution enabled the university to scale without the need for further fiber optic cable installation.
• The Photonic Layer, enables increased distance between nodes and further increases bandwidth.
• By multiplexing in the photonic layer using our Channel Mux/Demux module, the university was able to put 100Gb/s and higher on
each of up to 96 different wavelengths--using a single fiber pair. If we do the math, that adds up to almost 10 Terabits per second
between campuses.
• To do this, they would need to be able to handle fiber distances that could exceed thousands of Kilometers between locations, and
these distances would demand amplification using one or more line amplifiers between their campuses.
• These amplifiers are generally installed on 6500 shelves that may be located in telephone company facilities between major nodes.
• For very long distances, high-powered Raman amplifiers can also be placed between nodes.
• At these amp sites, Reconfigurable Optical Add Drop Multiplexers or (ROADM) can be placed to allow an on- and off-ramp to the
network that doesn't require the signal to be converted from optical to an electrical signal.
• Converting to an electrical signal is costly and increases delay in your traffic.
Launch P2P
• OTN is replacing SONET and SDH with line rates up to 100 Gb/s and added technologies like Forward Error
Correction (FEC) as part of the protocol to ensure signal reach and improve flexibility to carry and switch a
wide variety of different signals.
• When a network like our university system becomes large, frequently the growth is the result of the merging
campuses or organizations who have deployed many different technologies and topologies.
• This has the disadvantage that transport links need be engineered to carry all the different carrier types
including widely varying rates like OC-3/STM-1 at 155 Mb/s, OC-12/STM-4 at 622 Mb/s, OC-48/STM-16 at 2.5
Gb/s.
• If you had to pick one carrier for this collection of rates, you would have to pick the highest rate at of OC-
192/STM-64 10 Gb/s.
• The problem with this is that when you were transporting an OC-3/STM-1 at 155 Mb/s you would be wasting
the difference between 155Mb/s and 10 Gb/s, discarding 98% of your bandwidth. This is wasteful and
expensive.
• Optical Transport Network (OTN) that is defined by ITU G.709 enables a carrier to combine signals with
different speeds into a single channel.
• This means that you can scale your network for your largest signal, in this case a OC-48/STM-16, and still be
able to add the OC-3/STM-1, and OC-12/STM-4 into the same OTU2 wavelength with reduced waste.
• Many organizations like our university example or a municipal government, evolved from many different
kinds of networks.
• Merging those networks cannot realize cost savings unless they are able to share one infrastructure. Point-
to-point OTN broadband transport provides that savings.
Launch OTN
• OTN switched services enable additional flexibility, self-healing network paths, and end-to end architecture
that simplifies networking configurations over long distances with a mesh-network topology.
• Let's take another look at our case study of the university system. This university was starting a program that
will be collaborating with hundreds of other university locations around the world on a super-computing
project that will require very large bandwidth between sites that are thousands of kilometers apart.
• The university's network team isn't equipped to manage this sort of international connectivity, so they
contacted network engineers at their regional telecommunications carrier who recommended using OTN
switching to quickly bring up these services.
• The telecommunications carrier deploys a switched mesh OTN network that can quickly be configured to
connect locations worldwide and provide self-healing network paths that allow centralized network
management and service provisioning with control plane software.
• This provides all the benefits of OTN with the flexibility of a switched network.
• Using OTN switching at ROADM locations that are co-located with the university enables the carrier to
automate the mapping and sharing of different signals into a single payload, also called grooming.
• This allows the university to reduce the number of wavelengths required and increase their unamplified
range on existing fiber.
• These benefits allow the university to purchase the maximum number of services at various bandwidths to
include 100Gb/s and higher rates while not paying for unused or stranded bandwidth.
•
Launch Layer 2
• The evolution of service provider networks and the convergence of voice, video, and data
(coupled with the widespread deployment of Ethernet networks in the LAN) made an Ethernet-
based solution the obvious choice for service provider networks of the future.
• The 6500 platform provides Ethernet nodes as well as Layer 2 switches that operate using physical
network addresses (also known as Media Access Control (MAC) addresses).
• The newest Carrier Ethernet technology enables a unified Ethernet infrastructure from the
desktop to locations thousands of kilometers away.
• This allows technologies that were traditionally reserved for Local Area Networks (LAN) to be
deployed to geographically dispersed organizations.
• Let's go back to our University example and consider their options when they decided to open a
new high-technology campus to study high-performance distributed computing.
• Their scientists need very high bandwidth, that can travel very long distances between their
worldwide sites, and they want to use a standard protocol like Ethernet.
• To avoid downtime, they demanded a redundant network (that can have alternate paths to use if
there is an equipment outage or fiber break).
• Their high-performance distributed computing research requires their fail over to recover in less
than 50ms. Carrier Ethernet can do this in a mesh network with Ethernet Ring Protection
Switching (ERPS) defined by the G.8032 standard.
Launch 6500 Platform Common Equipment
Overview
• The 6500 platform offers network operators a platform that can meet all
functionality requirements for both the metro and long haul sections of the
network, simplifying the design to drive down costs in both the capital and
operating infrastructure.
• The 6500 family consolidates layers of networking functions and platforms by
offering interchangeable circuit packs, addressing a wide variety of applications
with a reduced number of nodes.
• The same platform can be employed for wireless backhaul, Ethernet aggregation
or business services delivery, and can act as an optical transit node with multi-
way branching with capacity of 10G/40G/100G and higher wavelengths. The 6500
can be deployed in an Optical Transport Network (OTN) switching environment,
with the 7-Packet Optical shelf, the S-Series 14-slot shelf and the 32-slot shelf.
• Click the buttons to learn more
• All the shelf variants of the 6500 platform contain common hardware. These
include Access Panel, Cooling Unit, power input cards, Maintenance Interface
Card, Shelf Processor, and filler card. In the next few screens, you will learn more
about their features and functions.
Access Panel
• The 6500 platform has shelf variants that require all various types of access
panels as shown here. The access panel provides access to Operation,
Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P) functions, such as
external synchronization input and output, visual alarms, and environmental
alarms. It also provides data communication interfaces to the 6500 for Data
Communication Network access and for co-located shelf interconnections which
are made through the ILAN ports. For the 2-slot shelf there are two types of
Access Panels:
• An integrated access panel which has the integrated Shelf Processor and Optical
Transport Network Flex MOTR 8xSFP shelf assembly. This option is not field
replaceable.
• The second option has the same functions, but this one is field replaceable. There
are 2 variants and they are used in the 2-slot optical Type 2 shelf assembly.
• For the 7-slot Optical shelf and the 6500 -7 packet optical shelf there are two
Access Panel variants used with the 7-slot optical shelf and one variant used with
the 6500-7 packet-optical shelf. For the 14-slot shelf there are four Access Panel
variants available. And for the 32-slot shelf, there is one Access Panel variant
available.
Power Input Cards

• The 6500 supports breakered, breakerless, and fused power input

cards for the 2-slot, 7-slot, 14-slot, and 32-slot chassis. Shown here
are three examples of the Power Input Cards available for the 6500
platform. Click the buttons for more information.
Maintenance Interface Card (MIC)
• The highlighted box shows the MIC card located in the 14-slot shelf.
The MIC functionality applies to all four shelf types (32-slot, 14-slot,
7-slot, and 2-slot). The location of the MIC card differs:In the 32-slot
shelf the MIC functionality is housed in the Access Panel.
• In the 14-slot shelf the MIC functionality is in the MIC located in slots
17-2.
• In the 7-slot shelf and the 6500-7 packet-optical shelf, the MIC
functionality is housed in the shelf cooling unit.
• In the 2-slot shelf the MIC functionality is housed in the SP.
• Click the buttons to learn more
Shelf Processors

• The shelf processor circuit pack is the central processor for the 6500 shelf. A
variety of shelf processors are available. Depending on the network requirement
each shelf processor has to be carefully selected. Before selecting a shelf
processor, the type of network and services to be managed requires evaluation.
Some of the areas to evaluate would be:Which shelf type are we to deploy?
• Is it an optical shelf?
• Is it a type 2 shelf?
• Does the network require an Optical Service Channel?
• Is the network working in a SONET/SDH or OTN Control plane environment, or are
we deploying an OTN switching network?
• These are just some of the requirements that need to be taken into account for
the proper shelf processor selection. Click the buttons to learn more
Fiber Management Tray

• Shown here is a 1 rack unit fiber manager module that can be

inserted in a 19-inch, 23-inch or an ETSI rack or cabinet.
Filler Card
• The filler card is required to fill any empty slots. For the 32-slot shelf a
double height single width filler card is required to fill any empty
cross connect slots, slots 9 and 10. Although the filler card does not
contain electronic components, the filler card ensures airflow and
cooling is constant for each slot in the shelf and ensures Electro
Magnetic Interface (EMI) compliance.
Launch LED Introduction Brief

• LEDs are on the faceplate of each circuit pack and indicate the status of the
circuit pack. Shown here is an overview of the main LEDs for the 6500.
• A red-lit LED indicates a failure state of the hardware or software. If the red
LED is off, the card is ok.
• A green LED indicates initialization and means that the hardware or
software is in a functional state; that is, the circuit pack is healthy and
available for use. A green LED does not reflect a provisioning state.
• The diamond shaped, blue LED, indicates whether a circuit pack can be
extracted.
• A circuit pack should not be removed from equipment that is In Service;
however, if the equipment is Out of Service, then the circuit pack may be
removed.
Launch Laser and ESD Safety Precautions Brief
• There are some basic precautions that users should follow when working with lasers or fiber connections:
• Do not look into lasers or fibers. Take proper precautions.
• Always assume lasers and fiber connections have a signal present.
• Adhere to safety guidelines:
• When working with Ciena products: Follow the applicable product documentation for the operation or maintenance activity being performed.
• Wear laser safety glasses when required.
• Ensure the laser safety glasses meet the correct specification for the equipment you are working on:
• Optical density rating and wavelength
• Avoid direct exposure:
• Direct eye or skin exposure to direct or scattered radiation must be avoided. The user must never look into the end of a fiber transmitter or fiber pigtail.
•
• ESD Precautions
• ESD reminders:
• Ground static electricity before touching internal components or assemblies in all communications and electronic equipment using one or more of the following ESD protective equipment options:
• ESD wrist strap.
• Foot/heel straps (if used on anti-static floor mats).
• Anti-static mat (found in some labs).
• ESD packing material.
• ESD neutralizer equipment (Ionizers).
• ESD test equipment (wrist and foot / heel strap tester).
• Only effective if worn properly:
• Must wear two straps.
• Must be used with a conductive floor.
Launch Shelf Descriptions Overview
32 Slot Shelf Introduction
• The 32-slot 6500 shelf consists of two slots for cross-connect circuit packs,
seven slots for other common equipment and 32 slots for interface circuit
packs. The common equipment includes: Access panel, located in slot 47
• Cooling trays, located in slots 45 and 46
• Power input cards, located in slots 43 and 44
• Cross-connect circuit packs, located in slots 9 and 10 (full-height)
• Shelf processors, located in slots 41 and 42
• The interface circuit packs are located in slots 1-8, 11-18, 21-28, and 31-38.
In all the shelf variants, all interface circuit packs and the access panel
interfaces, and cooling system interconnect through the backplane which
provides a number of mechanisms for intercard communications and
control.
14 – Slot Shelf Introduction
• The 14-slot 6500 shelf consists of common equipment and 14 service
interface slots.Access panel and fan modules, located on the top of
the 14-slot 6500 shelf
• Maintenance interface card (MIC), located in slot 17, subslot 2
• Power input cards, located in slot 17, subslots 1 and 3
• Cross-connect circuit packs, located in slots 7 and 8
• Shelf processors, located in slots 15 and 16
• Interface circuit packs are located in slots 1 to 6 and slots 9 to 14.
7 - Type 2 shelf". Both 7-slot 6500 shelves consist of seven service interface slots and common slot equipment. The third shelSlot
Shelf Introduction
• The 7-slot Optical shelf assembly is used in applications where only optical services will be deployed and allows the users to
maximize the reuse of the existing 6500 Broadband and Photonic Layer circuit packs while being able to deploy a smaller shelf
configuration. There are three variants of 7-slot shelves, one named "7-slot - Optical shelf assembly and the 2nd variant is named
"7-slot Optical f type is named the 7 (8 slot) packet-optical shelf. The common equipment includes:Cooling Unit.
• Power input cards.
• Access Panel.
• The 6500 - 7 (8 slot) packet-optical shelf assembly is used to provide a compact optimized solution for Packet/OTN switching
services. The shelf consists of six service interface slots, two cross-connect slots, and common slot equipment.2-Slot Shelf
Introduction
• There are three shelf variants to the 2-slot shelf. The 2-slot shelf assembly with Shelf Processor + OTN Flex MOTR with 8xSFP (DC-
powered), 2-slot shelf assembly with Shelf Processor + OTN Flex MOTR with 8xSFP (AC-powered), and 2-slot Type 2 shelf assembly.
In the first two variants the 2-slot 6500 shelf consists of two service interface slots and fixed integrated common equipment. The
common equipment includes the:Access Panel (AP)
• Power Supply Unit (PSU) available in DC or AC conversion
• Shelf Processor and traffic carrying circuit pack
• OTN Flex Multiplexer Optical Transponder or (MOTR) with eight Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFPs) A failure of one of these circuit
packs requires the replacement of the entire shelf.
• The third variant is the 2-slot Type 2 which provides more flexibility in
component inter-changeability. The shelf processor, the power supply
and the cooling unit are field replaceable units (FRUs). The OTN Flex
MOTR with 8 SFPs is not integrated in this version.