An Overview of Livestock

Sector: Global, Regional and

Local Dynamics
Dr. Naveed Niazi
Director General (Production)
L&DD Department, Punjab, Lahore
Livestock Sector Overview

 "LIVESTOCK" is used in a broad sense to cover all grown animals

regardless of age, location or purpose of breeding.
 Non-domesticated animals are excluded under this definition unless
they are kept or raised in captivity.
 Domestic animals included are large and small quadrupeds,
poultry, insects (bees) and larvae of insects (silkworms).
 Figures on livestock numbers should refer to live animals
enumerated on a given day or on several consecutive days.
Livestock Sector at Global Level

 Livestock Numbers (FAOSTAT 2018)

 8.97 Billion Cattle and Buffalo
 9.03 Billion Sheep and Goat
 4.51 Billion Poultry

 Sector accounts for 30% of Land

Surface
 70% of Agriculture Land
 8% Human Water Use
Livestock Sector at Global Level

 The world food economy is increasingly driven by the shift in diet

and food consumption patterns towards livestock products.
 The world produced 219 million tonnes of meat in 2017
 Growing industry intensification is boosting output to meet demand,
particularly in Asia
 Over 862 million tonnes or around 862 billion liters of milk were
produced globally in 2017
Livestock Sector at Global Level

WORLD LIVESTOCK POPULATION

Asses, 4517832814 Buffalo, 4451764255

Mules, 4514061371 Cattle, 4521878309

Horses, 4514235122 Sheep, 4521804854

Poultry, 4516923384 Goat, 4514340973

Camel, 4488748727
Livestock Sector at Regional Level

REGIONAL LIVESTOCK POPULATION

Oceania, 141345967, 3%
Europe, 281432801, 7%

Africa, 1217749610,
30%

Asia, 1775865658, 43%

America, 686825667,
17%
Livestock Sector at National Level

 Pakistan has a lot of potential for becoming a leading producer

and exporter of livestock products because variety in land and
climate provides ample opportunities for raising of a wide range of
small and large animals
 A large number of indigenous animals are reared in the country
while there is scope for commercial production of exotic animals. In
some animals, Pakistan occupies prominent world position in terms
of production i.e.5th largest producer of milk
 The sector is informal, profit margin is low and land holdings are
small which has diverted investment to other sectors. Lack of
financial resources and high interest rates of financial services
available have further retarded its growth
Livestock Sector at National Level

 The economy of Pakistan is the 25th largest in the world in terms of

purchasing power parity (PPP)
 38th largest in terms of nominal gross domestic product
 Pakistan has a population of over 191 million (the world's 6th largest)
 Pakistan's undocumented economy is estimated to be 36% of its
overall economy
 Pakistan is one of the ‘Next Eleven’, the eleven countries that, along
with the BRICS (five major emerging national economies: Brazil,
Russia, India, China and South Africa) has a potential to become
one of the world's large economies.
Livestock Sector at National Level

 Being major player in national economy livestock sector has been

selected as an economy engine for poverty alleviation from
Pakistan
 Its contribution to agriculture value added is approximately 60.54
% and to national GDP is 11.2 %.
 Livestock is raised by more than 8.5 million small and landless
families in the rural areas
 35-40 million rural populations are dependent on this.
 Share of livestock products in generation of foreign exchange is
about 13%
 Livestock exports account for around 8.5% of the country’s gross
exports
Livestock Sector at Punjab Level

 4th top sector having the highest comparative advantage

include major crops, small-scale manufacturing, cotton
ginning and livestock
 Within livestock the focus is on export markets by ensuring
disease free zone and improving the quality of milk.
 Punjab houses more than 62.2% of milk, 43.2% of beef, 32.6%
of mutton and 65.53% of poultry of Pakistan
 Use ICT based innovative interventions to ensure 100 percent
animal vaccination coverage for a disease-free Punjab
 Punjab will develop a model to ensure that all milk sold in the
market is packaged and will also ensure zero adulteration in
milk till 2023
Livestock Sector at Punjab Level

 For livestock, spatial analysis shows that three zones for meat
production, processing and value addition can be
developed.
 Zone one consists of districts Rawalpindi, Mainwali, Chakwal and Sargodha
 Zone two consists of districts Sargodha, Jhang, TT Singh and Faisalaba
 Zone three consists of districts Lahore, Sheikhupura, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Sialkot and Kasur

 Similarly, for milk production and processing, three zones can

be developed on a priority basis in the first phase.
 Zone one consists of districts Sahiwal, Pakpattan and TT Singh
 Zone two consists of Mandi Bahauddin, Gujrat and Gujranwala
 Zone three consists of Bahawalpur and Cholistan
Livestock Population (Million)
(Pakistan Economic Survey 2017-18)

Category 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Buffalo 36.6 37.7 38.8

Cattle 42.8 44.4 46.1
Sheep 29.8 30.1 30.5
Goats 70.3 72.2 74.1
Camels 1.0 1.1 1.1
Horses 0. 4 0.4 0.4
Mules 0.2 0.2 0.2
Asses 5.1 5.2 5.3
Domestic Poultry 84.58 85.86 87.16
Commercial Poultry 56.9 60.6 64.6
Livestock Milk Production (Tonnes)
(Pakistan Economic Survey 2017-18)

Category 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Production Consumption Production Consumption Production Consumption

Buffalo 33,137 26,510 34,122 27,298 35,136 28,109

Cow 19,412 15,529 20,143 16,115 20,903 16,722

Sheep 39 39 39 39 40 40

Goat 867 867 891 891 915 915

Camel 873 873 885 885 896 896

Livestock Products Production
(Pakistan Economic Survey 2017-18)

Category 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Beef (Tonnes) 2,017 2,085 2,155

Mutton (Tonnes) 686 701 717

Poultry (Tonnes) 1,170 1,276 1391

Total Meat (Tonnes) 3,873 4,061 4,262

Eggs (Million Nos.) 16,188 17,083 18,037

Hides (Nos.) 15,886 16,421 16,974

Skin (Nos.) 54,278 55,526 56,805

Strengths

 Availability of vast barren land for grazing of animals and cultivated

land for their feed
 Vast number and variety of large and small animals for meat, milk
and poultry
 Extremely favorable terrain and climate for raising of every type of
animals-exotic and indigenous
 Centuries of accumulated knowledge about good livestock
practices among the people who love animals
Opportunities

 Growing population and rising prosperity is fueling the demand for

animal based food
 Global and regional demand for high quality Pakistani meat is
growing
 There is rapidly emerging niche market for Halal food which can be
profitably utilized
 Increasing interest of local/foreign investors in food industry
including livestock
Threats

 Reduced areas for natural grazing and feed production in the face
of increasing urbanization and food security requirements
 Trans-boundary diseases in the wake of increased imports of exotic
animals for cross breeding
 Rising food safety concerns of the developed countries can be a
threat for export of livestock
 Wholesale slaughter and smuggling is fast depleting the gene pool
of the livestock in the country
 Climate change and environmental degradation
Why investing in livestock sector ?

 Demand for livestock products is increasing

 Technologies for increasing production and processing are
available
 Processed food is in demand
 Cost of production and profitability issue
 Export market in Gulf and South-East Asia
 International subsidies are lowering
 Niche markets
Recommendations

 Introduction of better breeds in usual environment.

 Artificial Insemination (AI)
 Provision of better Veterinary facilities.
 Small Scale Units for processing of milk and other dairy products.
 Reduction in the role of middle man in milk delivery chain.
 Create awareness through training of the Agriculture Households.
 Credit facilities.
 Create “Success Model” and multiply it.