Learning intentions:

We are learning about migration.

Success criteria:
 Referring to a case study, I can suggest push and
pull factors.
 Referring to a case study, I can explain the
impact of the migration on the donor country.
 Referring to a case study, I can discuss the
impact of the migration on the receiving country.
Forced migration is when the
migrant has no personal choice but
has to move.
 Come up with a list of why people
are forced to migrate.
 Religious and/or political persecution
 Wars, creating large numbers of refugees
 Forced labour as slaves or prisoners of war
 Racial discrimination
 Lack of food due to famine
 Natural disasters caused by floods, drought,
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions or hurricanes
 Overpopulation, when the number of people
living in an area exceeds the resources
available to them
 According to the UNHCR, a Refugee is
someone who ‘owing to a well-founded fear
of being persecuted for reasons of race,
religion, nationality is unable to avail himself
of the protection of that country .’
 Where people moved from
 Why they moved (push and pull
factors)
 The effects on the donor country
 The effects on the receiving
country
 Lebanon

Turkey

Syria
Jordan
 Much of the Middle East including Syria has
been politically unstable since the so-called
Arab Spring in 2010, when a series of
protests, riots and civil wars broke out in
many Arab countries.
 Syria has been in a state of civil war since
March 2011.
 Over 400,000 people have died as a result of
the fighting between the Syrian government
and the rebel groups.
POPULATION 24 million 17.9million
(estimated)
GDP 2,065 US$
LITERACY (%) 85%
BIRTH RATE 24.04/1000
DEATH RATE 3.9/1000

Before the civil war Syria was a prosperous country.

Education levels were high and many children went
on to further and higher education. Syria was not a
‘typical’ middle eastern country. It is made up of a
mix of religions and races.
 President
Bashar Al-
Assad

Rebel
Groups e.g.
Free Syrian
Islamic State Army
 President Assad – supported by the Russians,
government forces started using deadly force
against civilians after the protests during the
Arab Spring of 2010.
 ISIS – Islamic state wants to take over Syria,
declaring Sharia Law. Responsible for
thousands of deaths & torture.
 Rebel Groups – supported by US and others,
these groups fight against government troops
and ISIS. Links to Al Qaeda groups.
Opposition/Rebel
groups IS controlled
areas

Government
Forces
 According to the UNHCR (United Nations High
Commissioner for Refugees) 3.7 million
people have fled Syria since the start of the
conflict.
 Syrians first fled in vast numbers to
neighbouring Lebanon, Turkey and Jordan.
 In addition, 6.5million people are internally
displaced, in search for a safe place to live.
Government Air
Strike in Aleppo
 • More than 40% of the population unable to access
basic health services.
• Of 113 public hospitals, 58% of them either
partially functioning or completely out of service

Chemical Attacks – Sarrin Gas

Madaya –
Besieged town
video

People are
starving and
having to eat
family pets and
grass to stay
alive
 Around 50% of people are unemployed
 70% are living in extreme poverty
 Thousands of Syrians flee their country every day. They
often decide to finally escape after seeing their
neighbourhoods bombed or family members killed.
 Bombings are destroying crowded cities.
 Horrific human rights violations are widespread.
 Thousands of people have been killed, kidnapped,
tortured or raped.
 Basic necessities like food and medical care are sparse.
 Over 4 million people have been left homeless.
 Much of the country’s infrastructure and essential
services have been destroyed.
 Thousands of people are unemployed.
 For many Syrians it is impossible to lead a normal life.
 Many Syrians have
family and friends
already living abroad
so it is easier to make
the move.
 Syria has porous land
borders with Turkey,
Lebanon and Jordan
which makes it
relatively easy to
migrate into these
countries without a
passport.
 Much of Syria’s educated elite population
(those who have money and connections)
have fled their home in search of safety.
 Syria does not have enough doctors and
nurses to look after the injured and the weak.
 Once vibrant cities such as Homs and Aleppo
are now ghost towns.
 Lebanon, Turkey and Jordan are now home to over
3 million Syrian refugees.
 The majority of Syrian refugees are living in
Jordan and Lebanon. In the region’s two smallest
countries, weak infrastructure and limited
resources are nearing breaking point under the
strain.
 In some towns the population has doubled,
putting a lot of pressure on health and education
services.
 Waste management is not coping. Space is also
an issue in crowded urban centres, rents in some
places have tripled since the influx of refugees.
 There are not enough teachers. Some schools
send Lebanese children home at lunchtime and
then teach Syrian children for the second half of
the day.
 Some Lebanese people say they have lost their
jobs because Syrians are willing to work for less,
or that they have been evicted because Syrians
share housing with many people, and therefore
afford rents that the Lebanese cannot.
 Since August 2014, more Syrians have escaped
into northern Iraq at a newly opened border
crossing. In a country that is still recovering
from its own prolonged conflict this influx is
dramatic and brings additional challenges.
 An increasing number of Syrian refugees are
fleeing across the border to Turkey,
overwhelming urban host communities and
creating new cultural tensions and
resentments.
 The World Bank estimates that the Syria crisis
cost Lebanon US$2.5 billion in lost economic
activity during 2013 and threatens to push
170,000 Lebanese into poverty by the end of
this year. Wages are plummeting, and
families are struggling to make ends meet.
 Since the civil war broke out, hundreds of
thousands of people have fled Syria into
neighbouring countries, Lebanon, Turkey and
Jordan.
 However, in 2015 they started moving further
West into Europe.
 Watch the video and identify push and pull
factors for this extended migration (no need
to write them down).
 Recent Syrian migration
Syria
 Refugee camps in the  Momentum effect –
neighbouring countries
are becoming over- many refugees’ friends
saturated. have reached Europe
 There are no jobs and (Germany) and have
therefore no prospects of
having a home and a been welcomed.
good life.
 Many Syrians do not
think the war will be
resolved and the country
will always be in a state
of war.

Push factors Pull factors

 Aleppo
 Struggle to grow food
 There has been controversy across the
Western world regarding the influx of Syrian
refugees.
 Many people in the UK, Europe and America
are worried about the ‘larg’ge numbers of
migrants making the journey west.
 After the Paris attacks & more recent
attacks in Nice and London there has been a
sense of fear sweeping across the West.
 Many right wing politicians feel that
accepting more refugees threatens our
security as they ‘MIGHT’ be supporters of
IS.
 Others feel we have a duty to accept
refugees and should not class every Muslim
as a ‘terrorist’.
With the following statements
should either choose if you:
Agree
Disagree

You must be prepared to justify

your choice.
 The UK should only
accept females and
children, males should
stay and fight for their
country
The UK should help their
own people first, before
providing refugees with a
place to stay.
The UK government
should accept more
refugees
The UK government accept
more refugees than other
countries. Others should
share the burden.
 There are most likely
terrorists among those
claiming to be refugees
therefore we shouldn’t let
anymore into the UK.
 Laith Al Saleh was actually a fighter AGAINST
IS when he was a member of Rebel forces.
 This is why there is a photograph of him with
a rifle
 Everyday on facebook, twitter, on the news
and in the newspaper there are facts and
figures about migration, IS and the threat to
the UK.
 EVERY report has an agenda. Are they
supporting the government bombing in Syria
or are they opposed?
 Are they Pro-EU/Pro-US or against?
 Are they anti-muslim?
https://vimeo.com/135119328

Our World: Deported to Afghanistan

Since 2001, thousands of child

refugees have claimed refuge in the
UK.
However, on turning 18 many of
these children are being forced back
to Afghanistan.
 2012 saw a significant increase in Germany’s
population. This was not due to a sudden baby
boom, but to the many immigrants moving to the
country. Experts point out this could result in both
benefits and problems. Referring to a named case
study, analyse the impact of migration on either the
donor or the receiving country. (5)

 In order to answer this question, even though the

Syrian migration Westwards through Europe is more
up to date, it is still taking place and therefore
statistics are always changing.
 Use the case study in the booklet and answer for the
receiving country, as this has the most information.
a) Discuss the possible consequences for a
rapidly growing population structure on the
economy and the welfare of citizens. (6)

b) With reference to an international migration

you have studied, discuss the impact on
both the donor and the receiving country.
(6)
 Referring to a case study, I can
suggest push and pull factors.
 Referring to a case study, I can explain
the impact of the migration on the
donor country.
 Referring to a case study, I can explain
the impact of the migration on the
receiving country.
 Write on a post it/scrap piece of paper:

 Up to three things you want re-explained to

gain a better understanding of the
Population unit as a whole.