Life and works

of Rizal
 Why do we need to
study Rizal?
- Studying Rizal simply means you are in
college and this Rizal course found its way
in your curriculum through mandate in
the constitution.
Republic act 1425
(R.A. 1425)
 Claro Mayo Recto
( The Father of Rizal Law)
- the author or main proponent of the law
- February 8, 1890 (Tiaong , Tayabas or Quezon Province)
October 2, 1960 (Rome, Italy - due to heart attack)
- Filipino Politician, jurist, poet and one of the foremost
statesmen of his generation.
- Claro Recto Sr. (Rosario, Batangas) and Marcela Mayo (Lipa,
Batangas) are his parents
- He studied Latin at the Instituto de Rizal in Lipa, Batangas
(1900 – 1901)
- Colegio del Sagrado Corazon of Don Sebastian Virrey
- Ateneo De Manila (BA degree Maxima de Cum Laude)
- University of Sto. Tomas ( Masters of Laws)
- He became the legal adviser of the First Ph senate in 1916
- 1919 was elected as representative of Batangas
- Served as minority floor leader for several years until 1925
- He traveled to US as a member of Independence Mission
and admitted to the American bar.
- 1928, he temporarily retired from politics and dedicated
himself to the practice and teaching of law. (Soporific and
Restrictive)
- Reentered politics when he ran and won a senate seat and
was subsequently elected its majority floor leader.
- Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in 1935 by the
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt
How does a bill becomes a Law?
(The Legislative Process)

Bill – a measure which, if passed through

the legislative process becomes a law.

A Bill undergoes a process before it

becomes a law.
▸ Step 1: The bill is filed in the Senate Office of the
Secretary, it is then given a number and calendared for
first reading.
▸ Step 2: First Reading- The bill’s title, number and
author/s are read on the floor. It is referred to the
appropriate committee.
▸ Step 3: Committee Hearings- the committee can
approve (without revisions, with amendments, with
recommendation on substitution or consolidation with
similar bills) or reject. After the committee submits the
committee report, the bill is calendared for second
reading.
 Rizal Bill
▸ Step 4: Second Reading- the bill is read and discussed on
the floor. The author delivers a sponsorship speech. The
other members or the senate may engage in discussions
regarding the bill and a period of debates will pursue.
Amendments may be suggested to the bill.
▸ Step 5: Voting on Second Reading- The senators vote on
whether to approve or reject the bill. If approved, the bill is
calendared for third reading.
▸ Step 6: Voting on Third Reading- Copies of the final
versions of the bill are distributed to the members of the
Senate who will vote for its approval or rejection.
 Rizal Bill
▸ Step 7: Consolidation of Version from the House- The
similar steps above are followed by the House of
Representatives in coming up with the approved bill. If
there are differences between the Senate and the
House versions, a bicameral conference committee is
called to reconcile the two. After this, both chambers
approve the consolidated versions.
▸ Step 8: Transmittal of the Final Version to
Malacañang- The bill is then submitted to the
President for signing. The president can either sign the
bill into law or veto and return it to Congress.
 Rizal Bill
▸ Senator Jose P. Laurel Sr., who was then the
Chairman of the Committee on Education, sponsored
the bill in the Senate. The Committee on Education,
sponsored the bill in the Senate.
▸ The Rizal Bill was filed on April 3, 1956 as Senate Bill
No. 438.
▸ The debates on the Rizal Bill also ensued in the House
of Representatives. House Bill No. 5561, an identical
version of S.B. 438 was filed by Representative Jacobo
Z. Gonzales on April 19, 1956.
▸ The Passage of the law was met with fierce opposition
in both Senate and the House of Representatives.
Debates started on April 23, 1956.
▸ The House Committee on Education approved the bill
without amendments on May 9, 1956.
▸ A major point of the debates was whether the
compulsory reading of the texts, Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo appropriated in the bill was
constitutional. The call to read the unexpurgated
versions was also challenged.
▸ Senator Laurel proposed amendments to the bill on
May 9, 1956. On May 14, 1956, similar amendments
were adopted to the House version.
▸ May 17, 1956- both the Senate and House versions
were approved.
▸ The approved versions were then transmitted to
Malacañang and on June 12, 1956, President
Magsaysay signed the bill into law which became
Republic Act No. 1425.
What is Republic Act
no.1425 (ra. 1425)?
 Rizal Law
R.A 1425 •Also known as Rizal Law was approved on
June 12, 1956 is an act of mandating all public and private
institutions including state colleges and universities to
include the Dr. Jose Rizal’s life, works, and writings as a
course across programs.

This met strong opposition from a contingent of Catholic

groups because of the books’ Virulent attack on the church
and their perceived anti-clericalism.
 Rizal Law
Three Main Goals of Rizal’s Law

1) To rededicate the lives of youth to the ideals of freedom

and nationalism, for which our heroes lived and died.
2) To pay tribute to our national hero for devoting his life and
works in shaping the Filipino character.
3) To gain an inspiring source of patriotism through the study
of Rizal’s life, works, and writings.
CONTENTS of the RIZAL’S LAW

Section 1 : This section mandates the students

to read the two greatest novels of Rizal. These
two shall be included in the curricula of all
schools, colleges and universities, public or
private.

Section 2: This section mandates the schools to

have “an adequate number” of copies in their
libraries.
Section 3: This section orders the Board of National
Education to publish the works in English, Tagalog,
and other major Philippine languages.
Section 4: It prohibits the discussion of religious
doctrines by persons engaged in any public school.
Section 5: a sum of 300 thousand pesos is
appropriated to carry out the purposes of the law.
Section 6: It shall take effect upon its approval.
Importance of Studying
Rizal
 Importance of Studying Rizal

• It is mandated by the Law

- Incite the lives of youth to the ideals of freedom and
nationalism, for which our heroes lived and died.
- Contribution to our country is Priceless, We need to
pay tribute to our national hero for devoting his life
and works in shaping the Filipino character.
- Gain an inspiring source of patriotism through the
study of Rizal’s life, works, and writings.
 Importance of Studying Rizal

• It is beneficial to all of us as Filipino

- Recognize the importance of Rizal’s Ideals and

teachings in relation to present conditions and
situations in the society.
- Encourage the application of such ideals, current
social and personal problems and issues.
- To develop an appreciation and deeper
understanding of all that Rizal fought and died
for.
Importance of Studying Rizal

- To foster the development of the Filipino youth

in all aspects of citizenship.
- By studying Rizal and his works, he will serve as
a worthwhile model and inspiration to every
Filipino.
- And finally, it helps us understand better
ourselves as filipinos.
 Definition OF
hero and Martyr
▸ A Hero is “a prominent ▸ A Martyr is a person
or central personage who is willingly suffers
taking an admirable death rather renounces
action or event.” his religion.
▸ He is a “person of a ▸ He is a person who is
distinguished valor or put to death or endures
enterprise in danger or great suffering on
fortitude of suffering.” behalf of any belief,
▸ Finally, He is “a man principle or cause,
honored after death by ▸ He is a person who
public worship, understand severe or
because of exceptional constant suffering.
service to mankind.”
Hero Vs Martyr
 1. Hero Vs Martyr
▸ The Hero always makes a
decisive intervention at a
moment when things are
looking like they could go
wrong.
▸ The Hero steps up and
makes everything right.
▸ In other words, the hero is
always the center of the
story.
▸ The hero story is always
about the Hero.
▸ The Martyr is not
necessarily the crucial
character.
▸ The martyr maybe almost
Invisible, easily missed,
quickly forgotten.
▸ The martyr is always at the
periphery of a story that is
really about God.
 2. Hero Vs Martyr
▸ The Hero’s Story is always ▸ The Martyr may well
told to celebrate the not have any great
virtues of a hero. qualities. He may not
▸ The Hero’s Strength, be strong, brave, clever
wisdom, or great timing: or opportunistic but
such are the qualities on the martyr is faithful.
which the hero’s decisive ▸ The story of the martyr
intervention rests. is told to celebrate
▸ The story of the Hero is faith.
told to rejoice in Valor.
 3. Hero Vs Martyr
▸ The Icon if Heroism is ▸ The icon of sanctity is
the soldier. the Martyr.
▸ The Soldier faces death ▸ The martyr faces death
in the battle. by not going to battle.
▸ The soldier’s heroism is ▸ The martyr’s sanctity
its own reward. makes no sense unless
rewarded by God.
 4. Hero Vs Martyr
▸ The Hero’s decisive ▸ The martyr expects to fail.
intervention that makes ▸ If the saint’s failure are
the story come out right. honest ones, they merely
▸ Without the hero all highlight the wonder of
would be lost. God’s great victory,
▸ So if the hero makes ▸ If the Martyr’s failure are
mistakes, if the Hero less admirable ones, they
bungles or exposes a open up the cycle of
serious flaw – it is a repentance, forgiveness,
disaster, a catastrophe. reconciliation, and
restoration
 5. Hero Vs Martyr
▸ Finally, the Hero stands
alone against the world.
▸ The story of the hero
shows how he or she
stands out from the
community by the
excellence of his or her
virtue, the decisiveness of
his or her intervention or
their simple right to have
his or her story told.
▸ The story of God tells how
He expects a response
from His disciples that
they cannot give on their
own: they depend not
only on Him but on one
another for resources that
can sustain faithful lives,
and they discover that
their dependence on one
another is not a handicap
but is central to their
witness.
 Who is
Dr. Jose p. Rizal?
 Jose protacio Rizal Mercado y
Alonzo realonda
• Jose - was chosen by his mother who was a devotee
of the Christian saint SanJose (St. Joseph)

• Protacio - from Gervacio P. which come from a

Christian calendar

• Mercado- adopted in 1731 by Domigo Lamco (the

paternal greatgreat-grandfather of Jose Rizal) which
the Spanish term mercado means “market” in English
 Jose protacio Rizal Mercado y
Alonzo realonda

• Rizal - from the word “Ricial” in Spanish means

Green fields. 1849, Governador –General Narciso
Claveria ordered all native families in the Philippines
to choose new surnames from a list of Spanish
family names.
• Alonzo- old surname of his mother

• Y - and

• Realonda - it was used by Doña Teodora from the

surname of her godmother based on the culture
 Why is Rizal The
Greatest Filipino Hero?
▸ Rizal was an ideal citizen worth emulating.
- He was not just brilliant man. He was a man with a heart
for his fellowmen and country. He was a man with the will
to reform the decaying society the Filipinos were living in.
- No other Filipino hero can surpass Rizal in number of
monuments erected in his honor; in the number of town,
barrios and streets named that bear his name; in the
number educational institutions, societies, and trade
names that bear his name; in the number of persons,
both Filipinos and foreigners, who were named “Rizal” or
“Rizalina” because of their parent’s admiration for the
Great Malayan Hero.
▸ He was a man, despite his superior
intelligence, remained a humble man who
respected and loved God.
- Despite his influence, he never took advantage of it to
become abusive, arrogant or Immoral.
- He fought for freedom in a silent but powerful way.
- He was humble, To used his intelligence, talents and skills
in a more peaceful way in fighting for reforms through his
writings instead of a revolution.
- He was admired most for the sacrifices he made and
setting aside of his personal interest in order to think and
act his country.
▸ Rizal’s writings are a work of genius.
- Their Truthfulness and depth transcend time, race and
tradition. His thoughts were Basic, His principles
universal, his acts and works inspiring.
- He expressed his love for the country through his novels,
essays, articles and poems rather than a force of
aggression.
- He received high praises for his novels and this were
received from Antonio Maria Regidor and Prof. Ferdinad
Blumentritt and considered the book superior because
he exposed to the world the sufferings of the Filipinos
from the hands of the Spaniards
▸ Rizal was a man conscious of his rights and
Responsibility.
- He is a Great Filipino writer having written the very
novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo and these
contributed tremendously to the formation of the Filipino
Nationality.
- The revolutionary society known as Katipunan likewise
acknowledge Rizal’s leadership and greatness by making
him its honorary President and using his Family name
Rizal as the password for the third degree members.
▸ No single person or group of persons was
responsible for making the Greatest Malayan
the Number One Hero of his people.
- Rizal himself, his own people, and the foreigners all together
contributed to make him the greatest hero and martyr of is
people.
- No amount of adulations and canonizations by both
Filipinos and foreigners could convert Rizal into a great hero
if he did not possess in Himself what Rafael Palma calls
“Excellent qualities and Merits.”
- December 20, 1898 at the revolutionary at Malolos,
President Aguinaldo issued the first official proclamation
making December 30 of that year as “Rizal Day.”
- Jose Rizal is THE MOST PROMINENT MAN IN HIS OWN
PEOPLE BUT THE GREATEST MAN THE MALAYAN RACE HAS
PRODUCED.
- His Memory will never perish in his fatherland, and future
generations of Spaniards will yet to learn to utter his name
with respect and reverence.
Other Famous Filipino
heroes
Martyrs The Katipunan Famous generals
- Padre Mariano Gomez - Andres Bonifacio - Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo
- Padre Jose Ma. Burgos - Gregoria de Jesus - Gen. Antonio Luna
- Padre Jacinto Zamora - Emilio Jacinto - Gen. Mariano Llanera
- Gen. Miguel Malvar
Leaders of the Agitators in - Gen. Gregorio del Pilar
Revolution Barcelona
- Andres Bonifacio - Antonio Luna Famous Mothers
- Emilio Aguinaldo - Juan Luna - Teodora Alonzo
- Emilio Jacinto - Graciano Lopez - Melchora Aquino
- Apolinario Mabina Jaena
- Marcelo H. del Pilar
- Jose P. Rizal
The end of Chapter 1