Security Level:

Basic Concepts in
GSM Network
ISSUE1.0
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential

 There are many basic functions of
GSM system. Some important functions
are mentioned in this course. These are
the basis of the other training course.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 2

References

 Power Control

 Handover

 Um Interface and Radio Channels

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 3

  Upon completion of this course, you
will be able to:
 Know the classification of Um
interface logic channel
 Know definition or concept of
power control, Handover,
Frequency, etc.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 4

 Chapter 1 Radio Channel

Chapter 2 Frequency

Chapter 3 Handover

Chapter 4 Power Control

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 Logical Channel Type
 GSM900 and DCS1800 have the same logical channel category

Logical channel

Common channel Dedicated channel

(CCH) (DCH)

Broadcast control channel Common control channel Voice channel

(BCCH) (CCCH) Control channel (TCH)

FCH SCH BCCH PCH AGCH RACH FACCH TCH/F TCH/H

SDCCH
(system information)

SACCH

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 6

Downlink Logical Channel

FCCH
Common BCCH SCH
Channel BCCH

PCH
CCCH
AGCH

SDCCH
Dedicated DCCH SACCH
Channel FACCH

TCH/F
TCH
TCH/H

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 7

Uplink Logical Channel

Common
channel
RACH CCCH

SDCCH
DCCH Dedicated
SACCH
channel
FACCH

TCH/F
TCH
TCH/H

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 8

 Use of Logical Channels

“off” state
Search for frequency correction burst FCCH
Search for synchronization sequence SCH
Read system information BCCH

idle mode Listen paging message PCH

Send access burst RACH
Wait for signaling channel allocation AGCH

dedicated Call setup

mode SDCCH
Assign traffic channel
SDCCH
Conversation
TCH
Call release
FACCH
idle mode

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 9

 Chapter 1 Radio Channel

Chapter 2 Frequency

Chapter 3 Handover

Chapter 4 Power Control

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 10

Frequency Resource of GSM System

GSM 900 : 890 915 935 960

Duplex distance : 45 MHz

GSM 1800 : 1710 1785 1805 1880

Duplex distance : 95 MHz

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 11

Frequency Band Configuration

 GSM900:

 BTS receiver (uplink ): f1 (n) =890.2+ (n-1)*0.2 MHz

 BTS transmitter (downlink ): f2 (n) =f1 (n) +45 MHz

 GSM1800:

 BTS receiver (uplink ): f1 (n) =1710.2 + (n-512) * 0.2 MHz

 BTS transmitter (downlink ): f2 (n) =f1 (n) +95 MHz

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 12

 Chapter 1 Radio Channel

Chapter 2 Frequency

Chapter 3 Handover

Chapter 4 Power Control

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 13

Purposes of HO

 To keep a continuous communication with a moving MS

To improve network service performance

− To reduce the call drop rate
− To reduce the congestion rate

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Classification by Synchronization

 Synchronous handover: source and

target cell belong the same BTS

 Asynchronous handover: source and

target cell belong the different BTS

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 15

 Classification by Reason

 Emergency HO
 Timing Advance (TA) Emergency HO
 Bad quality (BQ) Emergency HO
 Rx_Level_Drop Emergency HO
 Interference Emergency HO
 load HO
 Normal HO
 Edge HO
 Layer HO
 Power Budget (PBGT) HO
 Speed-sensitive HO (Fast moving MS HO)
 Concentric Cell HO

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 16

 Chapter 1 Radio Channel

Chapter 2 Frequency

Chapter 3 Handover

Chapter 4 Power Control

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 17

Power Control Overview

What is power control?

 Power control

 Adjust the transmitting power of MS power

BTS and MS when needed.

 Based on measurement reports of 33dBm

BTS and MS
29dBm
 Purpose

 Save the power of BTS and MS;

t
 Reduce the interference of the
network;
Why is power control
 Increase the quality of the network. necessary?

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 18

Power Control Overview
Power control includes uplink power control and downlink power control, Which are
performed independently

 Uplink power control: Adjust TX power of MS to let

BTS receive stable signal, reduce the uplink co-channel
and adjacent channel interference, reduce power
consumption of MS.

 Downlink power control: Adjust BTS TX power to

let MS receive stable signal, reduce the downlink
co-channel and adjacent channel interference,
reduce power consumption of BTS.

Notice BCCH Carrier does not support downlink power control.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 19

Questions

 Which part of frequency resource is use in GSM?

 How can Handover happen in GSM?

 What is the purpose of Uplink Power Control?

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI Confidential Page 20

 Thanks
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