MASTER OF HUMAN SCIENCES IN POLITICAL SCIENCE (MHSPS)

RESEARCH PROPOSAL

FACTOR’S INFLUENCING THE MALAYS TO VOTE DURING ELECTION

AND THEIR SATISFACTION WITH THE CONDUCT OF THE 14th
GENERAL ELECTION: A CASE STUDY AT TAMBUN PARLIAMENT, IPOH,
PERAK

Prepared by:
Najwa Muhammad Hesimuddin
Supervisor:
(1) Dr Mohd Fuzi Omar
(2) Dr Syaza Farhana
 CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

METHODOLOGY
 (A) INTRODUCTION
(1) HOW TO LOOK AT MALAYSIA AS MULTICULTURAL COUNTRY?
Ethnicity does played a vital role amongst the Malaysian people
 The sociopolitical context of Malaysia election – considering social factors as
part of the voting behavior analysis
 Between ethnic attitudes and voting behavior – influences the political
instability in Malaysia
• Eg Mat Jali Mohd Fuad et al (2011)
 Malays voters cared very much about which party won the election (ethnicity
of the candidates)

(2) PREVIOUS TAMBUN PARLIAMENTARY VOTING BEHAVIOR?

 Constituency reform in the GE-14 is the first political realignment in this
constituency
 Candidates are coming from the same ethnicity background won (BN
Candidates)
 Higher Malay population compared to Chinese and Indian (and others)
Population of the Tambun
Voters

Malay Chinese
Indian Others
voters voters
(12%) (2%)
(64%) (22%)
(B) STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Where Malaysia could

finally move beyond its
entrenched race based
dominated political
system?

The problem of the

Malay conservative
mind? – the change only
symbolic, not really a
free will of the Malays?

The change of the

human rights? Toward
more democratic
country?
Reason to choose social
analysis?
Subsequent analysis on the
voting pattern will reveal the
significant social factors
played a significant role in
changing political dynamics of
the Malay voters.

It may reveal something

about the future political
references within the
circle of the Malay voters.
(C) OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To identify the factors

influencing the voting
behavior among the
Malay voters

To analyze the levels of To study the people’s

satisfaction influencing attitude toward conduct
voting behavior during of election at Tambun
election Parliament
(D) RESEARCH QUESTIONS
What were the factor analysis
influencing the voting behavior
in the GE14 among the Malay
voters?

What are the levels of

What are the people’s attitude
satisfaction among Malay
toward conduct of election at
which affect their voting
Tambun Parliament?
behavior during the election?
(E) SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

What occurrence can be

taken out in five domains?

Can identify about the patterns

of the voting behavior in 14th
general election & the levels of
satisfaction

Underlying thoughts of the shifts?

Perhaps these social factors that
influenced Malay voting behavior
were the product of the Malay
feudal history?
(F) LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study does not involve the whole population of a Malay community in other
constituency within Perak. Considering the limited sample which only focuses on
the Malay majority Tambun constituency, it may not represent all Malay
community in Malaysia.

The study does not include the perception of the political affiliation of each
person, but rather focuses on the social factors influencing the voting
behavior during GE14. Following sociology interpretation of the voting
behavior, the study does not intended to provide a definitive interpretation.

The identity of the respondents in this study is not revealed. They are identified
as Respondent 1, Respondent 2 and Respondent 3 etc in order to protect their
confidentiality. This study is not to access respondent’s background, but rather
identifying the factor analysis influencing the voting behavior among the Malay
community in transition with the context of Tambun Parliament.
(G) THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

(1) Using the sociological model of voting behavior (Colombian model)

 Assembled by Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson & William McPhee
 In their study – it shows that social context (the group affiliation) exercises main
influences in the process of forming voters’ political options
 ‘people vote not only with their social group, but for it too’ (Lazarsfeld et al, 2004)

 This study is further classified into five different domains:

(1) family domain,
(2) friendship domain
(3) print and new media domain
(4) Religion domain
(5) Economic domain;

**and they are been connected as well by their satisfaction during the conduct of
election.
 SOCIOLOGICAL MODEL OF VOTING BEHAVIOR

SOCIAL CONSTRUCT LEVELS OF SATISFACTION

(1) Family domain (1) Candidate’s
(2) Friendship domain personality
(3) New and print (2) Campaign period
media domain (3) Polling station
(4) Religion domain (4) Party manifesto
(5) Economic domain (5) Media information

VOTING BEHAVIOR OF THE MALAYS

 (H) METHODOLOGY
• SAMPLE POPULATION:
 300 participants
 Four age categories (ranging from 21-60 years old)
 Voters residing under Tambun Parliament focusing on two areas (Manjoi &
Ulu Kinta)

• RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
Technique of data collection – giving respondents questionnaire, a set of
questions
56 quantitative questions
Secondary sources (references) obtain from the published numerical data
 Online journals – to obtain secondary data (in the form of articles, books,
proceedings, yearly reports and published academic papers)
• PILOT STUDY
Tested the reliability using the Cronbach’s Alpha reliability test in SPSS
application
Taken about 50 respondents for the pilot study to test the reliability
 Cronbach alpha analysis shows about 0.8 above

• SAMPLING METHOD
The members from the population will be selected accordingly to the
convenience sampling (also known as availability sampling)
Convenience sampling is a specific type of non-probability sampling method
that relies on data collection from population members who are conveniently
available to participate in study
Distribute the questionnaires to the respondents at any public places such as
retail shops, shopping malls, schools, night market and residences area
• METHOD OF ANALYSIS
The data obtained from the SPSS will be analyzed using a factor analysis
Factor analysis is used to investigate variable relationships
Allows researcher to investigate concepts that are not easily measured directly
by collapsing a large number of variables into a few interpretable underlying
factors