B.

Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

National Institute of Science & Technology

OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER

By
Name-sidhanta panigrahy Roll No. 201810410

Under the guidance of

Mr. Faculty name

sidhanta panigrahy ( 201810410) [1]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

Content
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 Introduction

 What is op-amp.

 Circuit symbol.

 Important terms and equation.

 Inverting and non-inverting op-amp.

 Ideal op-amp.

 Characteristics of ideal op-amp.

 Application.

 Advantages and disadvantages.

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [2]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

INTRODUCTION:
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 The term “operation amplifier” denotes a special type of amplifier

that, by proper selection of it’s external components, could be
configured for a variety of operations.

 Op-amp firstly developed by john R.Ragazzine in 1947 with

vacuum tube.

 In 1960 at Fairchild semiconductor corporation, Robert J.widler

fabricated op amp with the help of IC fabrication technology.

 In 1968 Fairchild introduces the op-amp that was to become

the industry standard.

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [3]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

OP-AMP:
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 An operational amplifier(op-amp) is a DC-coupled high gain

electronic voltage amplifier.

 Direct coupled high gain amplifier usually consists of one or more

differential amplifiers.

 Output stage is generally a push-pull or pull-push complementary

symmetry pair.

 Op-amp are differential amplifiers, and their output voltage is

proportional to the difference of the two input voltage.

 The two input terminal called the inverting and non-inverting are

labeled with - and + respectively.

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [4]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

CIRCUIT SYMBOL:
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Sidhanta panigrahy(201810410) [5]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

IMPORTANT TERM AND EQUATION:

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a=gain of the amplifier, vo=gain of voltage

Vd=difference between the voltage

The equation is: vo=a(vp-vn)

 Input bias circuit(Ib): average of current that flow into the inverting
and non-inverting input terminal of ap-amp.

 Open loop gain: It is the overall voltage .

 Input offset voltage: voltage that must be applied between two

terminal of an op-amp to null the output.

 Input offset current:Algebric different between the current in to two

terminal.
Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [6]
 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

INVERTING AMPLIFIER:
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 Amplifies and inverts the input voltage.

 Non-inverting input is determined by voltage input and voltage

output.

 The polarity of the output voltage is opposite to that of the input

voltage.

 Voltage input is connected to the inverting terminal.

 Voltage output is connected to inverting input through a feed back

resistor.

 Non-inverting input is grounded.

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [7]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

NON-INVERTING AMPLIFIER:
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 Amplifies the input voltage by a constant.

 Close loop op-amp.

 Voltage input is connected to the non-inverting terminal.

 Voltage output is connected to inverting input through a feedback

resistor.

 Inverting input is also connected to the ground.

 Non-inverting input is only determined by voltage output.

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [8]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

IDEAL OP-AMP:
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 We know to minimize loading a well designed voltage amplifier must

draw negligible current from the input source and must present
negligible resistance to the output load.

 Exception so we define the ideal op-amp as an ideal voltage amplifier

with infinite open loop gain.

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [9]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

CHARACTERISTICS OF IDEAL OP-AMP:

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 Infinite input impedance(about 2mohm).

 Low output impedance.(about 200 ohm).

 Very large voltage gain at low frequency.

 Thus, small changes in voltage can be amplified by using an op-amp.

 Infinite bandwidth(all frequencies are amplified by same factor)

 Infinite comm-mode rejection ratio.

 Infinite power supply rejection ratio.

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [10]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

APPLICATIONS:
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A to D converter(Analog to digital convertor).

Power source.

Zero crossing detector(ZCD)

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [11]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

ADVANTAGES OF AN OP-AMP:
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 Op-amp is an universal amplifier.

 Precision rectifier.
 Analog to digital converter.
 Digital to analog converters.
 Used as filters.
 Voltage and current regulator.
 Differential and integrators.

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [12]

 B.Tech Technical seminar Presentation-2019

DISADVANTAGES OF AN OP-AMP:
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 Most op-amp are designed for lower power

generation.
 For high output is desired then the op-amp
specifically designed for that purpose must be
seen.
 Most commercial op-amp shuts off when the load
resistance is below a specific level.

Sidhanta panigrahy (201810410) [13]

 National Institute of Science & Technology

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