•VERTICAL & HORIZONTAL

CENTRIFUGAL-CASTING MACHINE,

•TURNTABLES MACHINES

• PLASTER AND CERAMIC-MOLD

CASTING
Vertical centrifugal-casting machines are
used to produce bushings and other
castings that have relatively large
diameters and short lengths, are also
used to produce castings by the
semicentrifugal and centrifuge methods.

On the other hand, horizontal casting

machines form center holes that are
uniform in diameter regardless of
casting length.
 VERTICAL MACHINES
consists of a spinning table operated by a variable
-speed motor on which a flask or jacket is mounted
to hold a mold.
A cover plate over the mold contains a runner cup
through which the molten metal is poured
 TURNTABLE
MACHINES

High-production turntable-type
machines are also made wherein
several individual centrifugal-casting
machines are mounted on a large
turntable.
 CASTING METHODS

Design and construction of molds for centrifugal casting follow general static
casting practice. To realize fully the economic advantages of the centrifugal
methods, however, pads, auxiliary gates, chills, and risers should be kept to a
minimum. Molds may be made of cast iron, mild steel, alloy steel, and in some
cases, copper..

Draft is generally not necessary except for long castings, which may require a slight
amount of draft to allow removal of the casting from the mold.
 CASTING METHODS
•Draft is generally not necessary except for long castings, which may require a slight
amount of draft to allow removal of the casting from the mold.
•Spinning cycles vary from 15 seconds to 30 minutes depend- ing on the casting's size.
•Pouring temperature may be somewhat lower than that for static permanent molds
•Molds are preheated to facilitate drying of the mold wash. Rotation speed generally varies
according to the type of metal being cast (Ferrous and to 60 g).
 CASTING METHODS
•Another method, used for the lighter metals, is to maintain a constant internal
pressure of 30-35 psi (207-241 kPa). This internal pressure is a function of the square
of the machine rpm, the distance from the center of rotation, and the specific
gravity of the metal.
 PRECISION CASTING

With precision casting it is possible to produce small castings accurately controlled

to size with little or machining before final assembly.
Centrifugal-casting methods may also be used to cast thin sections;
PLASTER AND CERAMIC-MOLD
CASTING
The general term precision casting is
commonly used to categorize the
plaster and ceramic-mold casting
processes.
. The materials may be sand or
sandlike materials such as
aluminosilicates, materials such as
gypsum plaster, or highly refractory,
proprietary ceramic powders.
PLASTER AND CERAMIC-MOLD CASTING

The binders used in molding these materials range from sodium silicate to
complex, proprietary organic silicate formulations. In plaster, a binder is
not necessary.
The major precision-casting methods are plaster molding. investment or
lost-wax casting, ceramic molding, and ceramic- core molding.
PLASTER MOLDING
Employs molds formed with a gypsum- plaster base.
. In plaster-mold casting, a permanent pattern is surrounded by a gypsum-based slurry that sets to a solid,
self-supporting mold rigid enough to be handled. The mold parts are then stripped from the pattern and
baked, or "burned out," to remove moisture.
PLASTER MOLDING
•The mold material does not have to be heated, rammed, vibrated,
or pressed while it is being poured.
•Setting time, usually about 20 minutes, is a disadvantage of
plaster-mold casting when high production rates are required, but
this disadvantage can be offset by using duplicate pattern
equipment.
•Only alloys with casting temperatures below the dissociation
temperature of gypsum can be cast by this process.
•These alloys include the sand-castable
*aluminum alloys
*low-melting-point
*lead/zinc alloys
* brasses and bronzes if they are not heavily leaded.