Prompt C.A.R.E. Learning Center, Inc.

Emergency Medical Services Training Academy

Angeles City, Philippines
Foreign Body Airway Obstruction
Airway Obstruction
 Partial air exchange
 Mild: coughing forcefully
 Severe: weak, ineffective cough
 Complete blockage: unable to breath, speak, or
cough
 Common causes of obstruction
 Tongue, vomit, foreign body, swelling, spasm
Caring for Airway Obstruction
 Responsive adult or child:
Heimlich maneuver
 Abdominal thrusts
just above navel
 Until object is
removed or victim is
unresponsive
 Chest thrusts for
larger or pregnant
victims
 Caring for Airway Obstruction
 Responsive infant
 Support infant’s head and lay infant face
down over your forearm and thigh.
 Give five back blows.
 Roll infant face up.
 Give five chest thrusts.
Caring for Airway Obstruction
Back Blows Chest Thrusts
 Caring for Airway Obstruction
 Unresponsive adult or child: If
breaths don’t go in
 Re-tilt head.
 Reattempt breaths.
 Begin CPR.
 Check airway.
 Remove object.
 Caring for Airway Obstruction
 Unresponsive infant: If
breaths don’t go in
 Re-tilt head.
 Reattempt breaths.
 Begin CPR.
 Check airway.
 Remove object.
Basic Life Support
Heart Attack and
Cardiac Arrest
 A heart attack occurs when heart muscle tissue dies.
 Cardiac arrest results when heart stops beating.
Chain of Survival
 Early Access
 Early CPR
 Early defibrillation
 Early advanced care
 Integrated Post-Cardiac
arrest care
Basic Life Support Flow Chart
Check Call Care

A=irway
•Scene Safety •911 /117 /
•MOI/NOI •local emergency #
Remove (+)
•# of Victims •Retrieve AED (-)
Object
•Consent
•LOC B=reathing

Recovery
Position (+) (-)
2 Initial
Ventilations
C=irculation

RB/AR (+) 2mins (-) CPR

 Rescue Breathing/Artificial Resuscitation

ADULT: INFANT:
•1 Ventilation •1 Ventilation
•5-6 sec intervals •3-5 sec intervals
•24 cycles •40 cycles
CUE: 1:5:24 CUE: 1:3:40
Counting: 1, 1002,1003,1001 Counting: 1, 1001

1024 1040

CHILD:
With signs of puberty?
YES NO

NOTE:
After RB/AR always re-assess the patient
 CPR
 ALL AGES (Adult, child and infant)
 30 compressions
 2 ventilations
 5 cycles
CUE: 30:2:5

NOTE:
After 5 cycles of compressions always re-assess the patient
Variations in CPR

METHOD DEPTH LOCATIONS

ADULT 2 Hands 1.5 to 2 inches On the breastbone

between the nipples

CHILD 1 or 2 Hands 1/3 to 1/2 the On the breastbone

Depth of the between the nipples
chest

INFANT 2 Fingers 1/3 to 1/2 the On the breastbone

Depth of the between one finger
chest below the nipple
line
Automated External Defibrillator
Public Access Defibrillation
 Approximately 250,000 people die annually from
sudden cardiac death.
 CPR and defibrillation improve chance for
survival.
 Defibrillation can be provided by rescuers trained
to use automated external defibrillators (AEDs).
 Public access defibrillation (PAD) laws
How the Heart Works
 Heart is a muscle
 Four chambers
coordinate blood flow.
 Pacemaker cells emit
electrical impulses; heart
muscle contracts
 Normal sinus rhythm
When Normal Electrical Activity Is
Interrupted
 Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib)
 The most common abnormal heart rhythm in
cases of sudden cardiac arrest in adults
 Chaotic electrical activity that causes loss of
circulation
When Normal Electrical Activity Is
Interrupted

 Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach)

 Very rapid electrical activity
 Heart may be unable to pump blood
effectively
Care for Cardiac Arrest
 CPR must be started until defibrillator is available.
 V-fib and V-tach can be corrected with
defibrillation, but time is critical.
 For every minute that defibrillation is delayed,
victim’s chance for survival decreases by 7% to
10%.
 CPR is initial care until defibrillator is available.
About AEDs
 Electronic device that:
 Analyzes the heart rhythm
 Determines and advises need to shock
 Delivers electrical shock to the victim in cardiac
arrest
 Reestablishes a heart rhythm that will generate a
pulse
About AEDs
 Common elements
 On/off button
 Cable and pads (electrodes)
 Analysis capability
 Defibrillation capability
 Prompts to guide you
 Battery operation for portability
Using an AED
 Turn the unit on.
 Apply AED pads to bare
chest and the cable to
the AED.
Using an AED
 Stand clear and analyze the heart rhythm.
 Deliver a shock if indicated.
 Perform CPR for 2 minutes (five cycles).
 Check victim and repeat analysis, shock, and
CPR steps as needed.
Special Considerations
 Water
 Remove victim from
water
 Dry victim’s chest
 Children
 Medication patches
 Remove patches and
wipe skin
Special Considerations
 Implanted devices
 Pacemakers and
defibrillators
 Avoid placing
electrode pads over
devices.
AED Maintenance
 Preventive maintenance checks are
recommended by manufacturers.
 The AED will automatically perform
periodic self-tests, but it should be
checked daily to ensure proper operation.
 Check expiration and replacement dates
on electrode pads and batteries.