EARTH’S HISTORY

EARTH
UNDERGONE IN THE
EVORLUTIONARY PROCESS
THAT CHANGED ITS FEATURES.

HOW?
RECONTRUCT HE SEQUECNCE OF
EVENTS FROM THE STUDY OF
PETROLOGY, STRATIGRAPHY, AND
PALEONTOLOGY.
 PETROLOGY
• BRANCH OF GEOLOGY

A SCIENCE THAT STUDIES

ROCKS, LAYER OF SOIL AND
ETC.

• DEALS WITH THE ORIGIN,

COMPOSITION, STRUCTURE
AND CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS
 STRATIGRAPHY
CONCERNED WITH THE ORDER AND LAYERS OF ROCK
RELATIVE POSITION OF STRATA AND ARE CALLED
THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE “STRATA”
GEOLOGICAL TIME SCALE
PALEONTOLOGY
THE STUDY OF FOSSILS
OF PLANTS AND
ANIMALS TO
DETERMINE HOW THEY
EVOLVED AND INTERACT
WITH THE
ENVIRONMENT.
REALATIVE AND ABSOLUTE
DATING
 ABSOLUTE DATING

vs
FOSSILS
FOSSILS
EVIDENCE OF PAST LIFE
REMNANTS OF ORGANISMS OF THE PAST
GEOLOGIC AGE.
 TYPES FOSSILS

OF
TRUE FORM FOSSILS MOLD FOSSILS CAST FOSSILS TRACE FOSSILS
TRUE FORM FOSSILS
ENTIRE ANIMALS OR PLANTS
TRAPPED AND PRESERVED IN ICE,
TAR, OR OTHER MATERIAL.

CRYOGENIC
FREEZING
FROZEN BABY MAMMOTH
MOLD FOSSILS
HOLLOW IMPRESION OF A LIVING
THING IN A ROCK
CAST FOSSILS
IT IS CREATED WHEN A MOLD
FOSSILS GET FILLED WITH
MINERALS.

HARDENS AND FORM A REPLICA

OF THE ORIGINAL FOSSIL.
TRACE FOSSILS OR ICHNOFOSSILS
IMPRESSIONS ON THE ROCKS
THAT SHOWED VARIOUS
ACTIVITIES.
PREPARE THE FOLLOWING
• PLASTER OF PARIS
• FOOD COLOR OR PAINT
(OPTIONAL)
• CONTAINER
• SEASHELL/EGG SHELL/
DINOSAUR TOY/ LEAF
• OIL
Procedure:
 Put the plaster of paris in the container.
 Carefully add water.
 Mix the plaster of paris and water until you get the right
consistency of the mixture.
 Press the object you wish to make a fossil imprint of firmly
into the mixture. You can use more than one object if you
like. Carefully remove the objects to leave the prints
behind. Let your fake stone dry and you have an imitation
fossil!
 Paint your fossil using the watercolor.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
OF EARTH’S
HISTORY
REMEMBER
EON
A UNIT OF GEOLOGIC TIME PERIOD
EQUAL TO ONE BILLION YEARS A GEOLOGIC TIME LONGER
THAT AN EPOCH
ERA
A LARGE GEOLOGIC TIME
USUALLY SHORTER THAT AN EPOCH
EON
A GEOLOGIC TIME LESS THAN A
PERIOD
ONE MILLION YEARS.
 PRECAMBRIAN EON

HADEAN EON
PROTEROZOIC EON

ARCHEAN EON
PRECAMBRIAM EON
HADEAN EON
• “CHAOTIC • VOLCANISM
EON” • OCEAN AND
• HADES ATMOSPHERE
MEANS WERE FORMED.
“HELL” • THE CORE AND
• IT LASTED CRUST WERE
FOR 800 B.Y. STABILIZED.
• BOMBARDED
BY
METEORITES.
PRECAMBRIAM EON
ARCHEAN EON
• IT LASTED FOR • MOST OF EARTH
1.3 BILLION WAS COVORED
YEARS. WITH OCEAN.
• ATMOSPHERE • CONTINENT
CONTAINED FORMATION
MOSTLY • LARGE AMOUNT
MATHANE AND OF VOLCANOES.
LITTLE TO NO • STROMATOLITES
OXYGEN.
PRECAMBRIAM EON
PROTEROZOIC EON
• IT LASTED FOR 1.9• TIME OF GREAT
BILLION YEARS. CHANGES:
• LONGEST PERIOD - OXYGENATION OF
THE ATMOSPHERE
- EUKARYOTE LIFE
- MULTICELLULAR
ANIMAL LIFE.
- MOTION OF
CONTINENTAL DRIFT.
 PHANEROZOIC EON

PALEOZOIC ERA MESOZOIC ERA CENOZOIC ERA

PHANEROZOIC EON
PALEOZOIC ERA

(marine-shelled invertebrate)
PHANEROZOIC EON
MESOZOIC ERA

TRIASSIC
FIRST DINOSAUR

JURASSIC
AGE OF DINOSAUR

CRETACEOUS
FIRST MAMMALS; EXTINCTION OF
DINOSAURS.
CENOZOIC EON
CENOZOIC ERA
THE ANIMALS
Earth’s Evolution
4.5 BYA 4.3 BYA 3.8 BYA 3.5 BYA 580 MYA 520 MYA

BLACK EARTH
• METEORS AND ASTEROIDS BIND TOGETHER.
• FORMATION OF VOLCANOES.
• BASALT
4.5 BYA 4.3 BYA 3.8 BYA 3.5 BYA 580 MYA 520 MYA

GREY EARTH
• Granite became the foundation of our continents.
• MINERALS.
4.5 BYA 4.3 BYA 3.8 BYA 3.5 BYA 580 MYA 520 MYA

BLUE EARTH
• WATER
• STROMATOLITES
4.5 BYA 4.3 BYA 3.8 BYA 3.5 BYA 580 MYA 520 MYA

RED EARTH
• ROCKS STARTED TO FORM.
• OXYGEN AND IRON ARE ALREADY PRESENT.
4.5 BYA 4.3 BYA 3.8 BYA 3.5 BYA 580 MYA 520 MYA

WHITE EARTH
• ICE AGE
• CO2 RISES ANDF MELTS THE ICE.
4.5 BYA 4.3 BYA 3.8 BYA 3.5 BYA 580 MYA 520 MYA

GREEN EARTH
• LIVING EARTH
• ORGANISMS ALREADY LIVE HERE.
CALLAO MAN
 CALLAO MAN
DR. ARMAND MIJARES
67,000 YEAR-OLD BONE IN
CALLAO CAVE IN CAGAYAN
PROVINCE

Callao Man was shorter

than four feet and was
just as comfortable
climbing trees as it was
walking on the ground.
HADEAN EON
PALEOZOIC
ERA
ARCHEAN
EON
MESOZOIC
ERA
PROTEROZOIC
EON