PHYSICS PROJECT

ON
Full Wave Rectifier
2019-2020

Name : Sachin.A
Class : XII Sec : A
Roll No :
School : Dr.G.S.Kalyanasundaram
Memorial School.
 INDEX

1. AIM

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

3. CERTIFICATE

4. INTRODUCTION

5. MATERIALS REQUIRED

6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

7. WORKING

8. BIBLOGRAPHY
 AIM

“To construct a full wave rectifier

and show that Alternating Current
is rectified into a Direct Current”
 Acknowledgement

The project could have neverbeen

possible without the support of various
sources. It is extremely impossible to
thank every individual who has helped
me in completing this project. Some
people have helped in the basic
formularization and there were sources
that helped me in giving the ideas a
physical form/shape. I am extremely
grateful to my mentor,
Mrs. K ANCHANA for her invaluable
guidance in the project right from the
beginning. Her vital support helped the
project to take a logical and suitable
shape. I take this opportunity to thank
the School authorities, for extending
their full support and cooperation in the
project. Last but not the least; I would
like to thank everyone who has offered a
helping hand when required.
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Sachin.A

(Roll_No: ) student of Class XII,
Dr.G.S.K.Mem School, (C.B.S.E) has
completed the project titled. “Full
Wave Rectifier” during the academic
year 2019-20 towards partial fulfillment
of credit for the Physics Project
evaluation of AISSCE 2020, and
submitted working model and
satisfactory report, as compiled in the
following pages, under my supervision.

Teacher’s Signature

Examiner’s Signature
 Introduction

A full wave rectifier is a device which is

used to rectify all the alternating current
components in an alternating
supply and make it purely a direct
current. The two alternating halves ofan
alternation current are rectified in a full
wave rectifier which is an advantage
over a half wave rectifier. M ost
electronic devices cannot withstand
very high voltage or alternating current
due to its intense high power. The use of
batteries in all devices is not practical
as their replacement and durability is a
huge problem as the device has to be
dismantled each time for such a
replacem ent. So these rectifiers
are used in most of the electronic
devices like TV’s, Radios,Chargers,
and Lightings etc.
 Materials required

1. Connecting wires
2. A plug
3. Single lead wire - 2m
4. 3 nuts & Bolts 2 to 3cm length
5. Circuit board
6. A Transformer
7. A capacitor
8. A Resistor (1 K Ω )
9. P-N junction diodes
10. A LED
11.Insulation tape, Blades, soldering
wax, soldering lead, soldering iron
&sand paper
circuit diagram
Connection details:
Connections are done as in the circuit.
The A.C. supply is given to both the
input wires of the transformer and the
two ends of the secondary coil is given
to the P side of the two diodes and the
N side of the diodes are tw ined and
then connected to one end of the
capacitor and the other end to the
center tap lead and to the resistor.
Further, the other end of capacitor with
the diode connect ion is connected to
the other end of the resistor. Connect 2
leads on both the ends of the resistor to
measure the output and this is
connected to the +ve & -ve terminals of
the bulb.
 Working

1st w hen the A.C. is supplied to the

transform er, it steps dow n the 220V
m ain supply to 6 volts. It has a
capability of delivering a current of
500mA. The 6 volts A.C. appearing
across the secondary is the RMS value
and the peak value is 8.4 volts. During
the 1st half cycle of the A.C. input Diode
D1 is forward biased and a current ‘I’
flows in the circuit in the direction S 1D1
ABEOS1. During this time diode D2 is
reverse biased. So it does not conduct
any electric current. During the next half
cycle, the diodeD2 is forward and D1 is
reversed. Hence D2 conducts current in
the direction S2D2 ABEOS2and D1 does
not conduct any current. In subsequent
half cycles of the A.C current the above
processes are repeated.
In both the half cycles it is clear that
current flows through the resistor inonly
one direction ABE. Even though the
voltage across RL is unidirectional it will
still contain a few A.C components. This
is filtered and made smooth using a
capacitor, which filters 99% of the A.C
current. A resistor is then used to adjust
the output voltage. Capacitor also
nearly filters all A.C components from
the supply and resistance is adjusted for
the required output. As this is a simple
circuit, only one capacitor and a
resistance are being used. But there will
be slight factor of A.C. current still left in
the output but it is negligible. The
output Direct Current and voltage light
up the LED.
 Observation
And
Conculsion

On connecting a voltmeter to the output of

bridge circuit 6V is coming.
 Uses

Most electronic device cannot withstand very

high voltage or AC due to its intense high
power the use of batteries in all devices is
not practical as their replacement and
durability is ahuge problem as the device has
to be dismantled each time for such
replacement. So these rectifiers are to suply
polarised voltage for welding ,detection of
amplitude modulated radio signals.
 Bibliography

 Physics – Textbook for XII (NCERT)

 Modern’s ABC of Physics
 Laboratory M anual (Rachna Sagar
Pub.)
 Encyclopedia