PRINCIPLE OF DYNAMIC

SEPERATOR

.
SEPARTOR PRICIPLE:
 Separator has the key role to separating the mill
product into two fractions, one containing
finished products of desired fineness and the
containing coarser material recycled to the mill
for further grinding to achieve the fineness.

 Different elements of the separation process are

 Dispersion

 Separation

 Separation control
DISPERSION:

 During grinding, the smaller particles may stick

together and forms agglomerates. These a
agglomerates have to broken up otherwise the
separator will treat them as a big particle.
 The return of the agglomerates for further grinding
will hamper the process and reduce the overall
efficiency.
 The separator is constructed in such a way that it
will ensure a high degree of dispersion of the
individual particles in all the agglomerates.
 The dispersion is normally carried out by the air
stream which transports the material to the
separator.
SEPARATION:
 In air separators three forces will attack each
particle.
 The centrifugal force
 The force of gravity

 The force of separation air

 The centrifugal force and the force of gravity

are proportional to the volume of the
individual particle i.e. cube of diameter.
 The force of the pull of the air stream is
proportional to cross area of the particle, i.e.
square of the diameter.
 The bigger particle will thus fall through the
rotor system and returned for further grinding.
 Finer particles will obtain sufficient velocity to
withstand the effect by the centrifugal forces of
the rotor without being forced out against the
walls of the vanes and the wall of the separator.
 Depending on the specific amount of material
carried by the gases smaller particles can be
caught by others and forced into the reject.
 Due to mechanical reasons some coarse
material can be carried through all the possible
gaps between the stationary and moving parts
and bypass the separation.
 When a particle is hit by the rotor in the separator, it
will exposed to the following centrifugal force. The
particle is considered as sphere shaped one.

Fc = m * vd2
----------
R
= ∏ * d3 * γ * 1 * (2*R*n)2
---- ---- --------------
6 R 60
= c1 * γ * R * n2 * d3 kg m/s2

m – mass of the particle

vd – periphical velocity of the rotor
R - radius of the motor
d - diameter of the particle
n - revolution per minute of the rotor
γ - specific gravity of the particle
 The force of gravity Fg is
Fg =m*g
= ∏ * d3 * γ * g
----
6
= C2 * γ * d3 kg m/s2
g – coefficient of gravity

 The force on the particle by the gas flow Fa is

Fa 1 * ∏ * d2 * γa * ----
= C f *--- 1 * va2
4 2
= C 3 * C f * γa * va2 * d2 kg m/s2
C f – friction coefficient
va – velocity of air
γa – specific gravity of air
SEPARATION CONTROL:

 Fineness of the finished product will depend

on the velocity of the air through the
separator and on the centrifugal field created
by the rotational speed of the rotor system.

 The control of the fineness of the finished

product will for dynamic separators normally
be carried out by modifications of the rotor
speed based on samples of the finished
product.
SEPORATOR EFFICIENCY:

 It is the ratio between power consumption and the

reduction of the obtained residue.
E = w * log (R1/R2)
E - specific power consumption in KWh/T
w - grindability index
R1 – initial residue on specified sieve
R2 – final residue on specified sieve
 For a closed circuit installation grinding the same
feed to the same finess is
Ec = c * w * log {Ro+(c-1)* Rg}
------------------
{Rf+(c-1)* Rg}
 The efficiency of the separator is evaluated by
comparing the actual saving which may be
obtained by changing from open circuit grinding to
closed circuit grinding with the maximum saving
which may be obtained with an ideal separation.

Vs = B = Es – Ec
------ ---------
Bmax Es - Eci

 Efficiency of the separator is depends on residue

of the coarse return Rg, the circulation factor C
and residue of fineness Rf.
CONVENTIONAL STATIC
SEPARATOR(1ST GENERATION):
 This separators are static one. Dust laden
gas enters from the bottom and exits from
the top after passing through the adjustable
vanes. So these separators can be located at
the outlet of the air swept mills.
 It consists of a double cone and a ring of
adjustable vanes. By adjusting the vanes we
can adjust the fineness. Fines are go along
with the air through the top and coarse
fraction is collected in the inside cone and
collected.
 These separators have low separation
efficiency with high recirculation of 250-
300%.

Gas discharge with fine dust

Adjustable guide vane

rejects

Dust laden gas

MECHANICAL AIR SEPARATOR(2nd
GENERATION):
 This separator works by action of centrifugal
force on particles suspended in air stream.
Feed is received on a distribution plate and
thrown by centrifugal force in air circuit
created by main fan.
 An auxiliary fan suppresses the rising of
particles with the air drawn by main fan .
Coarse particles drop out and collected in an
inner cone. Fines are separated from the air
stream by cyclonic action in the outer casing.
 It generates the circulating air inside the
separator itself. It can also be supplied with
generated separation air.
feed
HIGH EFFICIENCY SEPATORS(3rd
GENERATION):
 Feeding is from the bottom of the separator by
upward flow of the air/gases. This results in
thorough dispersion of the material prior to the
separator process.
 The suspended materials flows into the separator
via vertical guide vanes which maintain the even
air velocity distribution.
 The guide vanes also function as collecting plates
for the coarse material. The coarse particle falling
into the reject cone an discharged via a sluice.
 The finished product passed through the rotor and
leaves the separator with the flow of air.
Recirculationload of 150-200% with production
increase by 20-30% compared to conventional
separators.

Fines with gas

Static vanes

Dynamic vane

coarse return Dust laden gas in

Thank you